The Five Great Clans
43
16. Population 95.
17. Population 460.
18. Population 110.
19. Freedman, op. cit., p. 28.
20. Population 1,985.
21. Population 3,600.
22. A.D. 1280-1367.
23. Population 2,046.
24. also known as Cha Hang. Population 505.
25. 江西省, 吉安.
26. See the 寶安錦田鄧氏族譜, section headed 鄧氏之始.
27. i.e. Canton.
28. See the 新安侯氏族譜. Unfortunately this genealogy is not very detailed, apparently being a portion only of an original which was largely destroyed.
29. I have not yet seen a copy of the Pang genealogy, the information here being taken from a sketchy, and perhaps not very reliable, survey made by Government in 1956.
30. See the 新界文氏族譜, preface to the genealogy of the Second Branch.
31. also known as Xin'an 新安, the District of which the New Territories were formerly a part.
32. A.D. 1368-1643. See the 文氏族譜. Apparently the San Tin Mans arrived slightly earlier than the Tai Hang lineage, whose first ancestor moved at some time during his long life of 84 years (A.D. 1341-1425) spanning the Yuan and Ming Dynasties. I have not yet seen the genealogy of the San Tin lineage, but my information is taken from the Government survey of 1956 (See note 29), which includes a section probably copied from a Preface of their genealogy.
33. 本地.
34. 劉家.
35. The Liu lineage, whose first ancestor according to oral lineage history was an itinerant tinker and blacksmith, a trade which appears to have been almost a Hakka monopoly in this part of China.
36. Rev. Mr. Krone, Transactions of the China Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, Part VI, 1859; "A Notice of the Xin'an District", p. 95.
37. Ibid., p. 80. Of course numbers of villages are not necessarily a true guide to population, and, indeed, Krone does stress that Punti villages were frequently larger and more important; but the 4:1 ratio of examination passes still appears inequitable.
38. Charles J. Grant, The Soils and Agriculture of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 1960. Of general use are Fig. 1(d), which demonstrates clearly that the major areas of low-lying (and therefore accessible and probably well-watered) land are within the areas occupied by units of the Five Clans; and Fig. IV(a), which shows that the major areas of paddy-soil coincide with areas of residence of the Five.
39. Ibid., fig. VI(a).
40. Ibid., fig. VI(b).
41. 劉氏族譜, Notes on the seventh generation.