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ticularly active. One looks upon man as merely an economic ani- mal. A faulty Marxist interpre- tation of history is partly to blame for this attitude.
Now a fairer and better society should come out of an increased awareness of the way govern- ment has been abused for econo- mic exploitation. And a happier and more stable, society can be expected where men are free from economic injustices and insecur- ity. But too often to-day there Notice To Contributors. is an ignorant and excessive em- phasis on material and mechanis- All communications intended for tic motives. It teaches worker and employer, farm and factory, producer and consumer, to pursue a selfish separate interest when the larger interest of each is at- tainable only by co-operation. It tends to animality, hate and vio- lence. It destroys democracy.
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Another form of materialism's attack on democracy is extreme racialism, a belief that man is merely a biological specimen, whose virtue, courage and hon- esty are determined by blood and soil. This combines with Fascism's mystical exaltation of the state to make the individual merely a material unit to be merged in a militarized mass for overcoming other races or states. Freedom of thought or speech cannot be tolerated in such totali-
Hong Kong, Thursday, Feb. 16, 1939. tarianism. Worship of the state
DEMOCRACY AND
or of an individual symbolizing the state is substituted for Chris- tianity. Persecution, intolerance, and hate become virtues:
Democratic peoples may recog- nize these forms of materialism with-most clearly in certain countries or ideologies. But they can find them operating among their own countrymen-if not in their own thought. And it is primarily in thought that they must be com- batted.
RELIGION:
Democracy, assailed from in and without, is taking stock. When President Roosevelt said the other day that religion is the source of democracy he voiced a truth that has been increasingly appreciated in recent months and
Shorthand Autographs? expressed in many forms. As the
The demands of autograph col- nature of democracy and of the lectors have become such a bur- attack on it become more appar-den to Australian Test cricketers on tour, that the Australian Cric, ent, the vital role of religion will ket Board of Control has decided be perceived. Ideally, democracy to confer with the M.C.C. on the problem. Fame is, notoriously, a accepts man as spiritual, capable hard taskmistress to all her pro- teges; but even schoolboys, who of understanding the divine goy-form perhaps the most numerous ernment well enough to be self- and indefatigable body of auto- graph hunters, must agree that governed. It expects men to re-
an imposition of 100,000 lines is flect in some measure the divine "a bit steep" yet that is less than the number of signatures attributes of justice, reason, kind-given by the last Australian team ness, liberty, truthfulness, self- control. In so far as men fail to express these spiritual qualities, democracy fails.
{་་་ !,་་
to visit Great Britain.
It is not easy for the famous, to protect themselves in this mat ter. To refuse consistently sign is to adopt an apparently un- gracious attitude, from which Majority rule, the representa- many of the eminent naturally shrink; while those whose suc- tive system, universal suffrage,cess depends primarily on the suffrage of the public could free elections, free competition, scarcely afford such a gesture. equal rights, economic equality, On the other hand there is no practicable criterion that would constitutional forms none of allow them to exercise discrimin- these will guarantee the successation in their giving. It seems that only the illiterate hero can of democracy if the spiritual con- gain peace though not, exactly,
with honour. tent is lacking. Any of these
Perhaps, indeed, the famous may be made instruments of ty-might take a hint from the illi- ranny unless the basic ideal of terate: joint action by those who have made their mark in the individual worth, independence, world might introduce the cus- tom of their making it also on freedom, and perfectibility is re-paper. In the form of a short- taineil.
Materialistic concepts have ways attacked this ideal. two forms of materialism are
hand squiggle it would at least save them some time and trouble; and the result would not be much -day less anklefactory than that which baste and exhaustion are apt to produce present