COLOGNE
$3.50
per magnum
bottle of 26 ozs.
EAU DU COLOGNE
TRIPLE EXTRACT
OF
EXQUISITE AROMA AND
LASTING FRAGRANCE
THE CHINA MAIL, JUNE 12, 1937.
The China Mail
packing of the final constitu- tional authority and open diet. torship. How far the President will now reconsider his plan re-
Ninety-Second Year of Publicationmains to be seen.
It is a curious fact that trade-
8A Wyndham Street, Hong Kong.unionism in America is only just
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now winning. its "Magna. Charta." Labour there is to-day passing through unionism's struggles for recognition and legal status which went on in 7, Garrick Street, London, W.C.2. England last century. Indeed, it
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Notice To Contributors.
is over a hundred years ago. since the Combination Laws were repealed and the Act of All communications intended for 1825 established the right of publication should be addressed to labour to collective bargaining. the Editor, and be accompanied by Yet unionism had to fight the Writer's Name and Address, throughout the century, suffer- not necessarily for insertion but ing many reverses, and the as a guarantes of good faith.
Subscription Rates.
COOLING
REFRESHING &
ASTRINGENT
One Year
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THE STEAM LAUNDRY CO.
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Tel. 21279. Tel. 57082
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Hong Kong, Saturday, June 12, 1937.
LABOUR'S WAR IN
AMERICA
Trade Union Acts the first in 1871 did not avoid disabilities which were only removed by the Trades Disputes Act of 1906. Labour in America may find Bri- tish history repeated in more than one respect. Already a parallel has developed in, the struggle between the old and new unionisms, between the craft unionism of skilled workers and the industrial unionism embrac- ing semi-skilled and unskilled workers. The mild clash be- tween these two principles of organisation became an open split in the United States when While there are many aspects the American Federation of of the current warfare between Labour, the old body of craft employers and employed in the unions, was challenged by the United States which seem in-new militant Committee of. In- credibly foolish and unnecessary, dustrial Organisation. Mr. John violence on the one side and L. Lewis, the dynamic leader of stubborn refusal to accept the the C.LO., organised the coal- obvious on the other, the back-miners and workers of the auto- ground of the present industrial mobile, steel, and other indus- unrest needs to be thoroughly tries which the AF.L. had understood before the situation neglected. One result has been can be seen in its proper perspec- an epidemic of strikes, largely of tive. The internal war now go the "sit-down” or “stay-in" type, ing on in America rises funda- which have generally been suc- mentally from labour's fight for cessful in securing higher wages collective bargaining. The deci and improved conditions for the sion of the United States workers. Supreme Court that the Wagner
A secondary result has been Labour Act was constitutional
that the A.FL. has abandoned was one of the most vital deci- its traditional principle of craft sions it has ever made. The Act
organisation and embraced the has been hailed as the Magna idea of industrial unionism. The Charta of trade-unionism in validating of the Wagner Act America, for it not only recog has been greeted in official quar- nises the right of the workers to ters as meaning “industrial collective bargaining, but also
.
sets up machinery to ensure that peace. Indications, however, the unions can function effec point rather the other way in tively for this purpose. It creat that labour, strengthened by its ed the National Labour Relations legal recognition and embolden- ed by the success of militant in- Board to act as a supreme court dustrial unionism, will carry on of labour in industrial disputes, its fight with increasing vigour. outlawed the "company unions, and specified that employers Strikes are more likely to be must bargain with t the union multiplied than to decrease. Unionism in America, so back- representing the majority
ward as compared to that in their workers. The code pro- Great Britain or Australia, will visions of the N.R.A., the
of
campaign to em-
Agricultural Adjustment Act, intensify its and other legislative pillars of brace all the industries still un- the New Deal had all been de organised, and the stage seems clared unconstitutional by the set for a further period of indus-
[trial trouble, with, perhaps, Supreme Court, and it looked as
a
the
of a political Mr. Lewis's organisation
If the Wagner Act might share real crisis. Political effects may the same fate. It is not surpris- also follow, for although the
declared agami ing to find the decision having A.F.L. important constitutional, poli- formation tical, and social effects. It has and been suggested, of course, that contributed heavily to the Roose- the Supreme Court may have velt election funds, the British teck and been influenced by President parallel may be Roosevelt's overwhelming victory the rise of trade unionism be at the Presidential elections or followed by the growth of a his plan to amend the Court it Labour party. This may remain self. In February the President unnecessary if the Democratic startled Congress by demanding party, under such inspiration as
that
#continues that he be empowered to appoint one new «Justice for each mem- ber of the Supreme Court over seventy years of age. The Chief prising if there developed a fur- long lines, Justice and five Justices would ther movement thus be "eligible to step out.
sed in Great Britain and the This method of solving the fight the great Liberal between the New Deal and the United States found itself either. old Court aroused a storm of absorbed in or supplanted by the.
being called
Labour Party criticism,
its
It uld not
ogether sur-