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DEG ADI #2001.
WHEN SAILS CAME TO them up, brought them to action, SHIP SINKS IN A FEW
LONDON.
Fighting Frigates of Blackwall.
GUNPOWDER AND RÙM.
and pounded them into submis- sion, capturing the whole seven without the help of a single gun or cutlass from her laggard con- sorts.
SECONDS.
All Except Two Swept Overboard.
Ten men were lost in the wreck off the Isle of Man recently of the Glasgow steamer Citrine (582
After the French wars finish- ed, the days of John Company drew to a close, and with the abolition of their monopoly in the China and India trade, the Blackwall Frigates rose to zenith of fame as the successors of all the best traditions of the Head, at Port Erin, a bold head- old Company, added to a new reland of jagged rocks well known putation for comparatively fast, as well as comfortable. passages.
to holiday-makers.
She had a crew of 11 and
The Binckwallers were
a tons). The
run
steamer struck Braddo
one
In this, the third of the short series of articles which he is writing specially for the Evening News, Mr. Boyd Cable, whose sens-stories everybody knows, carries his graphic account of London's sailing-ships and the men who worked and fought in with all the strict discipline and passenger, the son of the cook. them to the thrilling days of the formalities of the old John Comp.m. on Monday, but anchored later The Citrine left Belfast at G famous Blackwall frigates, the pany. The officers held rigorous-because of bad weather. fore-runners of the cruiser of to-ly to their swagger uniforms, clay.
only coming on deck, even in the airless roasting heat of the Dold- rums, in tight tail-coat and chin high stock or ceck-cloth.
Through all the centuries when the London River shipwrights were turning out their fleets of Indiamen and great merchant vessels, they were also building the finest of warships for the Royal Navy, The name of the Blackwall Yard is most firmly wrought into our maritime his. tory in the fame of the Black wall Frigates, a class of vessel curiously mixed in its use for war, but making a peace and
REDUCED THROUGH TICKETS TO EUROPE VIA USA. VARYING: very deep dent in both.
FROM £83 TO £120 ON SALE
SAN FRANCISCO via Shanghai, Japan Ports & Honolulu.
TATSUTA MARU
ASAMA MARU
SEATTLE, VANCOUVER via Shanghai & Japan Ports.
HIYE MARU
Tuesday,
HETAN MARU
Tuesday,
Wednesday, 13th May. Wednesday, 27th May.
2nd June. 30th June.
LONDON, MARSEILLES, ANTWERP, ROTTERDAM via
Singapore, Penang, Colombo, Suez.
HAKUSAN MARU
Saturday,
HARUNA MARU
Saturday.
10th May. 10th May.
SYDNEY & MELBOURNE via Manila & Ports.
KITANO MARU
Saturday,
23rd May.
ATSUTA MARU
Saturday,
BOMBAY via Singapore, Penang, & Colombe,
IYO MARU
† TOKIWA MARU
SOUTH
Monday,
Wednesday,
27th June.
11th May. 27th May..
AMERICA · (Weal Coast) via Japan, Honolulu,
Los Angeles, Mexico and Panama. RAKUYO MARU
LIVERPOOL via Port Said, Stamboul. (Constantinople). Genoa.
Saturday.
23rd May.
NEW YORK, BOSTON vin Panama.
† KUMA MARU
Monday,
25th May.
†TOYOOKA MARU
Friday,
15th May.
CALCUTTA via Singapore, Penang & Rangoon.
† NAGATO MARU
Friday,
† RANGOON MARU
.... Friday,
8th May. 16th May.
SHANGHAL KÖRE & YOKOHAMA.
... Saturday,
† HAKODATE MARU (Moji direct) Wednesday,
6th May. KASHIMA MARU
18th May. ATSUTA MARU (Nagasaki direct). Wednesday, 20th May.
↑ Cargo only.
For further information apply to:-NIPPON YUSEN KAISHA.
Telephone 30291. (Private exchango to all departments.)
0.
S. K.
During the constant wars with French, Spanish, and Dutch, from before 1600 up to 1815, the frigate evolved into a ship less hugely massive and heavy than the "first rate" line-of-battle shops, but yet stout enough to give and take its share of hard knocks, and so designed and rig. ged as to be handier and faster. In Nelson's days, the frigate
was in chief use as a scout.or cruiser. "Frigate actions" were fierce and frequent between our and enemy frigates, but how comparatively helpless they were against "first rates" was very clearly instanced at the Battle of
the Nile.
There the French fleet lay moored in line of battle with
one
of
four frigates anchored inside their line. When the British battle-ships attacked the French, their frigates, the Sericuse, had the temerity to fire on the Orion, one of our big "first rates."
The Orion, annoyed no doubt by such an impertinenco, lobsed off a single, full strength, roaring broadside, and sailed on into the main battle with her equals, The Serieuse caught the full blast of that iron temp- est, heeled from it, with her masts snapping and crashing overboard, and sank, swiftly and straightway, at her anchors.
Many of the ships Blackwall was building for the East India Company were of frigate type, and in the latter part of the 1700's some of these ships took turn and turn at peaceful voyag ing and hard fighting. frigates at the time were off 24th May cered and manned by some of the finest seamen and by, as magnificent fighting material as 19th May ever trod a deck. 24th May
It must be remembered that in ships of the Navy at this time the service was cruelly hard, the discipline
all over-stepped bounds of reason, and the punishments all limits of human- ity; while food, pay, and living conditions alke were deplorable.
SAILINGS FROM HONG KONG SUBJECT TO ALTERATION.
LONDON, HAMBURG, ROT- London Maru...... Tues.,
TERDAM & ANTWERP
vin
Singapore.
Buez & Port Sal
Galambo,
RIO DE JANEIRO, SANTOS Rio de Janeiro Maru Sun..
Saigon, Singapore, Colom
BOMBAY vin Singapore, Celebes Maru
23th May
·
& BUENOS AIRES via
bo, Durban & Capetown.
Tues.
Belawan Dell & Colombo.
Skunko Maru
Sub.,
DURBAN, LOURENCO | Mexico Maru
Tuet.,
MARQUES, BEIRA. DAR-| Chicago Maru
Fri.,
5th: May 5th June
ES-SALAAM. ZANZIBAR
& MOMBASA via Singa-
pare & Colombo.
MELBOURNE via Manila Melbourne Maru
Brisbane & Sydney.
Wed,
6th May
CALCUTTA via Singapore Honolalu Maru
Mon,
& Rangoon.
VICTORIA, SEATTLE. Arizona Maru (From
TACOMA & VANCOUVER Kobo)
Sat..
vis Japan Porta.
NEW YORK vis Japan ports, | Kina! Maru
Mer...
Los Angeles & Panama,
Call Direct
at Boston,
Philadelphia & Baltimore.
JAPAN PORTS (Freight Ser- Madras Maru
vice).
HAIPHONG via Hollow & Menado Maru
Pakhol (Fortnightly).
KEELUNG via Swatow & Canton Maru
Amoy (3 p.m. every Sun- Hozan Maru day).
TAKÃO vin Swatow & Amoy Deli Maru
(Fortnightly).
For further particulars please apply to:-
Sat..
Thura.,
Sun,
Sun.
Thurs.,
OSAKA SHOSEN KAISHA,
Telephone 28061.
18th May
23rd May
1st June
The
In the merchant frigates, on the other hand while discipline was atern enough, pay, food, and conditions of life were excellent, and the fact that a bit of stiff fighting was always on the hori- zon increased rather than lessen. 9th Mayed the attraction for the iron- nerved, iron-muscled hard fight. 14th Maying seamen of the day
10th May
21st May
These were the men who stir 17th May red double handsful of gun- powder into their buckets of rum before serving it round; who made it a point of pride to stand triced up by the thumbe to, the rattlins and take their dozens of cat-o'-nine-tail. lashes without flinching or wincing; who lay and cracked rough jests while the surgeon sliced and sawed off a mangled limb without any ease
HONG KONG BENEVOLENT SOCIETY.
JUMBLE SALE
"MAY 15th, 2 PM:
*ISPROTAMA*** CITY HALL.
CLOTHING & HOUSEHOLD GOODS: gratefully (accepted at CITY HALL - any 'MONDAY or
THURSDAY, between 19.30, and 11:30.
She was proceeding to get aight of the Chickens' Fock lighthouse when she struck the rocks in thick haze.
J
She immediately began to make The midshipmen (a atation so
water. The crew attempted to low as apprentice being disdain-launch the lifeboat, but, before ed) had to be no less punctilious they could do, so they were washed in wearing, at sea and ashore, into the sea. their full "brass-bound" uniform and badged cap of their Line. Officer or man must first formal-
y salute before speaking to superior, and any in the watch on duty might only speak to the one higher up when spoken to.
The captain was supreme on board, and held. Eterally, the power of life and death of put ting even passengers in irons if he thought fit. He could still earn up to £5,000 a year, and al- though Midshipmen (or their parents) had to pay £60 a voy- age premium, as well as extra
and ressing
shore spending money, the probability of their promotion drew to the frigates the sons of the same social class as sent their first-born into the Navy or Army.
The Blackwallers continued to make comfortable and rather than fast, passages; yet snfe, their design and rig had so im- proved that it seems certain they could, and they would, have put up some records that would have made the later race of clipper ships stretch themselves to better them by much. The Kent, for example, one of the finest ships the Blackwall yards turned out, actually beat the famous clipper ship Marco Polo by one day in a run home from Australia, and several Blackwallers logged sue cessive days' runs that would not have shamed the Cutty Sark herself.
Manning the Guns.
On
Hugh Morrison, of York Street Lane, Ayr, swam and landed the rocks. He was joined by Leopold Warren, aged 17, of North Portland, Townhead, Glasgow, who was the passenger.
The captain of the vessel was John Crawford, of Glasgow, from which district most of the crew came with the exception of the first mate, Paul Cameron, whose home was at Bournemouth.
Survivor's Story. Leopold Warren, the cookca san, told a dramatic story. He said:
"We ran into a howling wind and! were going slowly because of a thick haze. Suddenly, soon after nine o'clock, there was 2 crash which shook the ship. The skipper managed to get us off the racks again, but water was pouring in through a gaping hole.
we thought
"Everyone rushed on deck, and minutes to launch the small boat. we had about five
In the darkness we could feel the ship sinking under us and people were ahouting for help. It was devilish,
"A few seconds later the ship heaved and turned turtle. She dived and there were horrible noises. blown up.
and
I think she must have
"All of us were scrambling in the water, shouting. It was tor- rible. My father has gone so have nine other men.
"Only Morrison and I got to the rocks. I had clung to an oar and he had a lifebelt.
Another tradition took years "The water was freezing. How to kill that the Blackwall fri-we reached the rocks I shall never gates were fighting as well as know. We stayed there the night, trading ships. As late as 1858-hoping to see other men found peace had settled in Europe a long generation after
a pro nahore, but none came.
como
Climb Up 300ft. cua,
lifeboat station, said the two sur- Signalman J. E. Crebbin, of the
vivors reached the station in an exhausted state.
the frigates had a "Stations List" detailing the exact posi tions officers and men should oc- cupy on the "pipe to action." At the Long Gun the Bo'sun was to stand behind the breech; before him one A.B. to prick the vent and one to touch the match; an ones manned the lifeboat and sent D.S. on either side with hand-it out. How Warren and Morrison
the wreck," he said, "and we at
"That was the first we knew of
gat ashore and up the 300ft. cliff
spikes; A.B.s with sponge and rammer by the muzzle, and, One is little less than a miracle. Thero Boy beside them to "serve car- is a sheer drop at that spat. It is tridge."
death-trap, and there aro coastguards for 15 miles."
CUT ATLANTIC CABLE.
Theory Of A "Deliberate Break."
It was revealed in London recently that an Atlantic tele- graph cable was deliberately cut through with a saw in the Bris tol Channel on March 1, and a re. ward of $100 Is. offered for in- formation regarding the outrage. The cable, which belongs to the Commercial Cable Company, and runs from Weston-super-Mare to New York via Valentia (Ireland), suddenly ceased to function at 11.50 a.m. on March 1.
The cabla company's repair ship. Marie Louise Mackay was sent from Plymouth, and when the cable was raised it was dis covered that it had been sawn
An official
8
WARSHIPS IN PORT.
по
The following British warships were in harbour to-day:--
Bruce-North wall. Hermes-West wall. Odin-East wall. Otus-East wall. Pandora-In Taikoo dock, Proteus In Taikoo dock. Sandwich-South wall, Sirdar-North wall, Somme-In dock. Sterling No. 12 busy, Tamar-Basin.
Tarantula-In dock. Thracian-No. 13 buoy.
* Foreign Man-of-War. ' Argus-French gunboat.
nities if a cable is cut by the Telegraph Act provides for peny
master of a ship who has fouled it, unless the safety of his ship is imperilled.
"There is no excuse for fisher- men cutting a cable when their trawl brings it up. We always compensate fishermen for the loss of their trawl and catch if they report the matter to us.
ment of such a then unknown through of the company said thing as an anaesthetic.
The fighting qualities of ships that it was considered that a and men stood the owners in ❘ vessel must have dragged up the good stead, in saving them the cable with her anchor, and a saw loss of many a fine ship and rich used to cut through. cargo, and founded the fortunes of owners and officers aplenty in the prize money awarded for enemy ships taken. Jack was always content enough if his for tune foundation ran to a pocket ful of golden guineas, and two or three riotous days in the grogahops ashore before shipping out again,
In 1795 a single Blackwall I have no doubt that the our five trans-Atlantic cables has frigate, having completely out- cable was cut intentionally. and caused us considerable incon- sated ber three companions in a our experta have examined the venience. Our repair ship was long, stern, chase after seven I cut at our office in London." engaged for two days on the Dutch East Indiamen, caught "A clause in the Submarine' ground."
The place where the cable was cut was thirteen miles from Weston-super-Mare." he added.
"The depth of water at that point is about forty fathoms, with a sandy bottom........ There Two years ago we paid the were no rocks which could have owners of a yacht for the loss of caused the break by chafing their anchor because they had The line is a twin core cable, not cut the cable...
originally laid in 1886 cableThe present break in one of
TUESDAY, MAY 5, 1931.
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