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ធនច B ISHED
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HONG KONG, THURSDAY, MAY 1, 1930.
WHEN SCHOOLS ARE ALCOHOL OR LOVE?
TOO COLD....
EFFICIENCY FOUND TO BE HALVED.
three
HEATING SYSTEMS.
Observations' an chikiren attending virtually unheated open-air schools showed that their eficiency in very cold weather was only about half that of children in heated schools.
This is one of many interesting dis- coveries made by Dr. H. M. Vernen and Dr. T. Bedford, assisted by Mr. c. G. Warner, whose "Study of heat- ing and ventilating schools" has been published by the Industrial Health Research Board.
In the last few years, the report states, several new methods had been Indopted for the ventilation and heating of schools, offices, and other buildings, and it was considered desirable to ascer tain whether their adoption, in suitable cases would be likely to conduce to the health and comfort of, industrial work- ers, and enable them to perform their manual work with the greatest possible eliciency. The novel forms of heating investigated were, under-floor heating and panel heating, while the ventila tion consisted of various. degrees of spen-air and semi-open-air ventilation, Undur-floor heating was adopted in Roman times, and it was recently em- ployed in Liverpool Cathedral. "In considering the suitability of any systems of ventilation and heating," the report emphasises, "attention should be paid to the effect they may have on the manual dexterity of the individuals subjected to thom. This question is particularly important in so far as it relates to industrial workers, but it is desirable that clerical workers and achoot children should not have their fingers cooled to such an extent that they lose some of their speed and skill in writing, drawing, knitting, etc."
Manual dexterity tests showed that when the hand temperature fell to 70 degrees there was a loss of 12 per cent. in speed of performance.
Observation on children in a school heated by hot-waler radiators left no doubt that the children were too cold' their capacity for profiting by the school instruction being thereby impaired Hand temperatures below 70 degrees ought to be avoided, 75 degrees or more being desirable for the attainment of maximum manual dexterity, such as was needed by many industrial workers. Open-Air Schools.
The most important question raised in the report relates to the substitation of open-air schoats for schools of the ordinary type. "If the children are to attain full efficiency at manual work, Buch as writing and drawing, and if ab- genteeism is to be maintained
at its
lowest figure, it is necessary that the schools be kept at a temperature not much below sixty degrees, and in any case not below 65 degrees. There can be little doubt that the semi-open-air system, as wo found it, could be im- proved on to some extent io as to diminish its disadvantages while re- taining its advantages. If the heating, whether by an under-floor system, or a ceiling-panel system, were increased in power, the air temperature of the rooms could be maintained at a higher level then at present without diminish- ing the degrees of air movement in- duced by open doors and windows. Probably the best heating system of
Increase of Smicides In Turkey.
Stamboul, March 19. The increase in the number of suicides in Turkey, especially anong young people, has attracted much attention in University and medicul circlés,
PLAN FOR COLONIAL APPOINTMENTS.
RECOMMENDATIONS BY HOME GOVERNMENT COMMITTEE.
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London, Yesterday. The extension of the system of A former French Professor of temporary attachment of Colonial Sociology at the University of Service officers to the Colonial) Stamboul, and Director of the In-Office are among the recommenda- stitute of Sociology, blames the tions of the Governmental commit- new reforms. The Turks, he says, toe investigating the method of are experiencing a kind of roman- Colonial appointments. It also ad- tic age.
Never before did young vocates improved facilities for people of hoth sexes moet each study both at Home and Overseas, Love has other so freely as they do, now. and says that in the selection of
become a question of Governors
prior .consideration more profound sentiment, for the should be given to high officers in abolition of polygamy has spiritu- the Colonial Services, It advises alised love and the meaning of mar- ringe.
The Turkish physician, Fahred din Kerim Bay, on the other hand, ascribes the increase of suicide to purely material causes. Alcohol- lam he says, is at the root of the degeneration, and in responsible for that disgust of life which leads to suicide. He has formed a new Association for Mental Hygiene.
It must be added that a powerful agent of despair is the freat state of poverty of the lower classes. A great number of bankruptcies has also occurred among the higher classes.
all, except for the expense entailed, would be to heat by a combination of the under-floor and the ceiling-panel methods."
that free passages on leave should be granted to officers and families by the Colonial Governments.- Reuter.
END OF A STRIKE.
Osaka, Yesterday, The strike at the Hyogo mill of the Kanegafuchi Company has been called off, and the workers
are expected to resume work to
morrow-Reuter.
most of the floor was exposed and the machinery, if any, was light..
The absenteeism of the 6,312 children attending 26 schools, ascertained for 'a three-year period, was lowest (7.6 per cent.) at ordinary schools with good cross ventilation, and highest (10.2 per cent.). at badly ventilated ordinary schools, while at floor-heated semi- ceiling heating the
Outlining the arguments in favour of open-air schools was 8.4 per cent, writers state:"Absenteeism," the report adds, "is con- "Without wishing to dogmatise, wo are [siderably influenced by temperature, inclined to think that it la preferable for the mean absenteeism between to floor heating for most purposes, November and March was 8.9 per cent.: though not for open-air schools. in schools kept at 63,4 degrees, 11.1 per Neither system is free from defect cent. in these kept at 58.5 degrees, and unless it embraces a small amount of 116 per cent. in those at 55.7 degrees. hot-water radiator or pipe-heating in At unheated open-sir schools tho ab- addition."
senteòiam was tremendously influenced
With regard to factories, they state by temperature, and during a very cold. that the under-floor system would doubt-spell of weather only half the children Icsa prove satisfactory in rooms where attended. This absenteeism was not due to ill-health, but to the restrain- (Continued at foot of next Column.)ing action of the parents."
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