TUESDAY, APRIL 8, 1930,
A VITAL NEED.
Menace of Quinine Shortage.
HIGH PRICE
The Empire's Responsibility. Apart from financial considera- tions, it will be apparent that tho responsibilities of the British Empire in thla question of malaria prevention or reduction' are heavy.. The question has become an interna- tional one, and an organisation for The value of the cinchona tree
anti-malarial work has been set up by the League of Nations. The (Cinchona Ledgeriana) as a source of quinine is common knowledge, policy of this organisation is pri but the considerable work under-marily the quinisation of affected taken by British medical officers in populations. Hence the cultivation the past in making use of the pra of the cinchona tree becomes a ques
of first importance. It is duct of this tree as a preventive tion against malaria is
well
of this matter not so
to a consideration known, says a writer in "Nature." that Dr. Cowan's paper is devoted.
The cinchona tree was introdu la India, then, the cultivation of einchona is confined to Government ed into both India and Java be
activities. It was not until 1910-11 tween the years 1854 and 1804.
to be Prior to about 1880, the world's that a similar problem had
Conferences were supply of cinchona bark was obtain faced in Java. ed from the native forests in Ecua- held, and manufacturers in Holland dor, Bolivia, and Peru. It was only and growers in Juva came to an after the export of bark from these agreement by which profits were to regions was no longer to be relied; he shared and by which prices could level which made lo be maintained at a upon that attempts were
The would
returns. show satisfactory grow
The disaster which threatened the Java plantations was averted to a great extent by the adoption of thi
cinchona elsewhere. British were amongst the first to succeed in bringing the tree under cultivation. The pioneers were auch
aa Weddell, Hasskarl.policy; and supplies are now avail Markham, Ledger, and others, and able for the world demands.
That the action it was by their efforts that the es tablishment of important supplies
alen
taken in Java was thoroughly practical, a com-
THE
CHINA
MAIL.
UNSEAWORTHY SHIP.
Sequel to Bunker Fires.
Mr. Justice Wright, in the Com- mercial Court, has delivered two long judgments in cases involving general average claims in respect
SHADOWS BEFORE
COMING EVENTS ANNOUNCED IN CHINA MAIL
Social Functions To-day--Tea Dance at Hong Kong
of fires in bunker cost in two) Hotel, 4.30., p.m. steamships, and in both cases de- cided that the nature of the fres
To-day Ten Dance at Peninsula Hotel,.5 p.m.
at
Theatre.
IT
NEW ADVERTISEMENTS.
G.
R.
CURRENCY COMMITTEE.
TT IS HEREBY NOTIFIED that the Currency Committee now conducting an inquiry with the set out here. terms of reference under desirous of obtaining the views. of as many Interests in the Colony as possible; and all those who wish to present memoranda for consideration or to give evi- Theatre,dence on the subject before the Committee are Invited to send in Theatre, their names or communications to the Secretary to the Committee at the Colonial Secretary's Office be- fore the 14th of April, 1930.
Terms of Reference.
To-day Dinner Dancer led him to a finding of unseaworthi-Hong Kong, Repulse Bay, and ness of the ship.
Peninsula Hotels, 8.30 p.m.
Entertainments In the frat case the Tempus
To-day Queen's Shipping Co., Ltd., of Cardiff, sued "Cock Eyed World." Louis Dreyfus and Co, of Holland To-day Star House, London, for general average "Tempeat," contribution for dealing with a fire] Harold Lloyd Programme.
To-day World
in the plaintiffs' steamer Campusi To-day- Majestic Theatre; when carrying a cargo of maize "Zero." for the defendants. The ship pat To-day-Whiteway Circus, Praya into Monte Video to avoid total | East, 9.15 p.m. loss, and there the expenditure of To-morrow-Theatre Royal, Wan coping with the fire was incurred.] Wan Sen, the magician, 9.15 p.m.
Sports The defendants denied liability!
and counter-claimed for short de- See Special Sports Diary on page livery and damage of the cargo of 9. maize. Defective coal, they said, would make the ship unseaworthy)
Meetings
To-day United Services Re-
(a) Is the present currency
the
most advantageous for the purposes of the trade of this Colony?
(b) In what respects, if any, is the present currency situation in the Colony unsatisfactory? (c) If the situation is unsatisfac- tory in what way can it be remedied?
of drug became a practical propest-parison between the two countries
readily demonstrates. They com tion.
the menced to give attention to question about the same time and the facilities in hoth regions were abundant. Yet Java now producer
a latent defect in the machinery or April 26-Hong Kong Tug and well over 30 per cent, of the world't
appurtenances of the ship, and in Lighter Co., Ltd. (in liquidation), supply of cinchona bark and India
any case Section 502 of the Mer-5. Des Voeux Road Central. Noon. A very small perchant Shipping Act. 1894, protect- only 4 per cent. centage of the bark utilised comer
ed them. They made every effort from South American forests.
at the time of sailing. Unless en-creation Club, 5 p.. worthiness Was proved, the To-day-Fourth general meet- shipowners replied they were pro-ing of Arts Association, Union (d) Is the premium on notes over tected by a charter-party clause Assembly Room, Hong Kong Uni- which relieved them of lability for versity, 8.30 p.m.
The early attempts to cultivate the cinchona tree met with con siderable success, and private per sons took up the business as a com- mercial proposition. In the early days of cultivation, experiments were made in India, Burma, Ceylon, Malaya,
Sudan, the
Jamaica, Trinidad, St. Helena, Mauritius. Australia, and New Zealand; but these experiments were not always followed up to a definite conclusion. In Ceylon and India the efforts wore successful, but private planting was soon given up and the Govern ment has been mainly responsible for the supplies.
1 more
4
Two Urgent Problems. The production In India repre- sents only about one-third of the amount actually consunted in the She is therefore country itself.
at present not only unable to supply her own demands but also, in com- mon with the rest of the world, is dependent upon the Dutch planta- tions in Java.
Lammerts' Auctions April 10--At Sales Room. Dud-
to use the best type of bunkers. dell Street, household furniture, 2.50
The Judge held the coal
way p.m.
unfit for the voyage and that in April 11-At Sales Room, Dud- that respect the ship was unscadell Street. postage stamps, 5.15 worthy. He dismissed the plain-p.m. tiffs' claim and gave the defendants judgment
their on
counter-
Home Malla To-morfow-Outward for Amer. claim for two-thirds of the lea and ports, Europe via Vancouver claim, which was for £650, and Europe via Siberia (Empress of The
damage done
the Russin), 10 a.m. to maize in a lighter was a direct
Miscellaneous
the consequence of the fire on
To-day Victoria Diocesan and
Campus, and there was no fault or Missionary Association "At Home," priority by the shipowners, who Cathedral Hall, 4.30 p.m. were protected by the Act in that particular from Ilability damage caused by fire on board Re-ship. It was known, his Lordship Comforts of the Glasgow
said, that ships were liable to bunker fires in the River Plate area where the Campus was.
and SAILORS' WELFARE.
Of Enormous Importance Within the Empire, therefore, at
Two problemas, in the author's the present day, India is the only
urgent solution: country where cinchona is growu opinion, demand
There are Goy the first is to find additional suit- on a large scale. ernment plantations in the Nilghirisable land, an investigation in which in the South, in the Darjiling dis other parts of the Empire should trict in Bengal (perhaps the beat join; and the second is to enhance known), and
recently the output per unit of area. There are search work is also necessary with developed one in Burma. also quinine factories both in the regard to particular strains which Bengal and Madras Provinces. yield high percentages of quinine.
A
paper by Dr. J. M. recent Cowan, of the Indian Forest Ser- vice and officiating Director. Botanical Survey of India, and Superintendent of Cinchona Cul tivation in Rengal, entitled "Cinchona in the Empire: Progress and Prospects of its Cultivation,' discusses the present position of the cinchona and the future prospects of its cultivation.
The price of quinine at present is very high-£1.9.6 per lb. so high as practically to prohibit extensive anti-malarial measures. On this subject the Royal Commission on Agriculture in India in its report (1928) stated: "If India is to em- bark on any large campaign for fighting malaria, we are convinced that it will be first necessary to re- duce considerably the price of quinine within India, and this can only be effected if India is self-sup- porting in production. To achieve this self-sufficiency a considerable extension to the present area under cinchona will be required.... We are satisfied that, in view of the great importance of extending cin- chona cultivation and cheapening quinine, much more scientific inves. tigation is called for than has been undertaken in the past."
The enormous importance to the human race within the Empire of the perpetuation of supplies of quinine will become evident when the question of malaria prevention is considered. We have within the Empire a large proportion of the malarial tracts of the world. Prof, Muller of Cologne estimates that some 800,000,000 peopic suffer from ntalaria; and according to Sir Ronald Ross there are 2,000,000 fatal cases every year. It is fur ther estimated by Dr. Andrew Balfour that the direct loss sustain ed by the British Empire due to Stalin is stated to have asserted sickness and death caused by malaria that even if the complete socialisa- is in the neighbourhood of between tion of the villages requires the £52,000,000 and £62,000,000 per lives of 20,000,000 peasants the
Soviet will not stop for that.
annum.
Concerning Cooking.
CONTROL.
Home.
In the second case the owners of The work carried on in the the steamer Alberto Fassini, the Glasgow Sailors' Home for improv- Fiumana Societa di Navigazione. ing the conditions of samen of all eued Messrs. Bunge and Co., Ltd., nationalities "was commended by of St. Mary Axe, London, as cargo the Lord Provost (Mr. Thomas owners, for £1,632 general average Kelly) at the annual meeting, held claim in respect of Ares in bunker in the Home. The number of off. coal in that vessel.
cers and men who were boarded Again Mr. Justice Wright found for one or more days in the Home that the coal and what happened to during 1929 was 4,703, as compared it amounted to unsenworthiness of with 4.632 in 1928. the ship in setting out, and found The Lord Provost, in moving ap- against the shipowners' claim. He proval of the annual report, said said there had been
fire that the work of the Home, in con- before commencing to load, and junction with the Glasgow Sea- there
should have been almen's Friend Society and the Aged removal of the coal to deal with Scamen's Relief Fund, provided for the situation. and discover the every need and comfort of sailors
cause.
while in Glasgow. The Sailors' Home at the Broomielaw was re- cognised as one of the most com- It is understood that a majority|fortable and most popular in the of the Palestine Commission of country. In addition to the board- Inquiry take the view that some pro-ing of seamen, the Home perform- vision should be made for Arabs ined a useful work in the administra- the transfer of Inud.
Dr. Charles Spencer, the Mayor of Ashton, has died, making the seventh victim of suspected parrot disease this year.
No. 2.
One factor in the economy of gas cooking is the absolute con- trol which the cook has over the stove; he can get any cooking temperature he requires by adjusting the tap. Moreover, he is not limited to three or even four adjustments; he can get any number of gradations between no heat and full heat by delicate regulation of the tap. It is possible, with the latest type of cooker, which we can supply, to set a regulating "dial so that any desired temperature is automatically maintained in the oven for any length of time.
Perfect Heat Control makes for Perfect Cooking and Economy of Fuel,
May we fix you a modern Gas Cooker on hire purchase terms?
You
may name your own instalments if desired. Cookers alco fixed on hire al $1.00 a month and sold for cash.
HONG
COMPANY, LIMITED.
CHINA GAS
West PointTel. 0.47
Ice House Siroat. 248, Nathan Road.
this Fage TO - MORROW, Subject "CLEANLINESS""."
HEAD OFFICE' & ̈ SHOWROOM CENTRAL SHOWROOM. KOWLOON SHOWROOM --
Look out for No.: 3 of this Series
(e)
silver detrimental to the pros- perity of the Colony? If so can it be controlled and by what means?
Is the linking of the currency with silver advantageous to the Colony? If so can it be more closely linked?
(f) Is it desirable in the interests of the Colony that the value of the dollar be stabilised? If so can any effective steps be taken to that end?
FAN LING HUNT & RACE CLUB.
STEEPLECHASES.
KWAN TI. SUNDAY, APRIL 13.
First Race 3 p.m. Special Train leaves Kowloon 1.40 p.m. Return- Fare for Round Trip $2.00 includ- Ling from Fan Ling at 5.55 p.m.
ing Admission to The Races.
PUBLIC AUCTION.
instructions to sell by Public
HE Undersigned have received
Auction
ON FRIDAY, April 11, 1930, commencing at 5.15 p.m., at their Sales Room, Duddoll Street.
A Valuable Collection of POSTAGE STAMPS
On View from Thursday, April 10, 1930.
Terms: Cash on Delivery,
LAMMERT BROS.,
Auctioneers. Hong Kong, April 8, 1930.
"Cock-Eyed" World at the Queen's.
tion of relief to seamen in ROUND THE CINEMAS straitened circumstances. For this purpose a grant was received from the King George's Fund for Sailora, and also from the Inver- clyde Bequest Fund. The amount. expended, an relief of this nature during the past year was £160.
The Lord Provost observed that apart from British seamen, men of 24 different nationalities had been boarded in the Home during 1929. He expressed gratification at the fact that the sum of £1,434 was entrusted during the year by sea- men to the safekeeping of the Sailors' Home.
MARINES AS SINGERS.
"The Cock-Eyed World," the all talking Fox Movietone feature at the Queen's Theatre this week, has song numbers written by Con Sidney Mitchell and Conrad, Archie Gottler,'the former of whom taught the Marines one of their
songs,
During the filming of an early sequence, director Raoul Walsh spent several days on board the U.S.S. Henderson with 600 Marines from Mare Island Navy Yard, a navy band, and a large group of sailors.
Dealing with finances, the Lord Provost pointed out that the loss on trading at the four Homes for the period amounted to 492, but after bringing in rents from pro- perties and other revenue the mat deficit on the year's working was £23, which, he thought, must be Con Conrad led the band and train-i regarded as highly satisfactory Ined the Marines to sing "So Long," view of the difficult times in the the marching song, which they shipping trado..
did with considerable vim.
The report was seconded by Dean of Guild Robert Robertson, and unánimously approved.
The directors were re-elected on the
motion of Mr. David Meiklereid.
The particular song sequence is included in the one which shows Edmund Lowe and Victor Mc- Laglen, who are featured with Lily Damita, leaving with their Marine detachment for the tropics.
NEW CHANGE OF PROGRAMME
TO-DAY.
WHITEWAY CIRCUS
HEN
and part
ROYAL MENAGERIE
NOW PERFORMING NIGHTLY at 9.15 o'clock. MATINEES WED., SAT. & SUN, at 4 o'clock. AT WANCHAI, PRAYA RECLAMATION.; Rates of Admission, Full Box 5 seats $20,00, Single Sent
in Box $4.00 1st Class $3.90, 2nd Class $2.00, Carpet Gallery $1.00, Gallery 50 cts.er
Military
Navy And Police in Uniform Half Price on all classes except box seats and, gallery, Hak Rate for Children under 12 years to All classes.
Proprietor: PROFESSOR LK, KXELABZAS!
Columbia RECORDS
Neur
socam
New Electric Records We Recommend
HERE'S A LIST OF RECORDS
FOR YOU.
9760
Poet and Peasant-Overture
9825
Seene De Rallet
9218
The Blue Danube-Waltz
Ave Maria
9275 9417 Four Indian Love Lyrics 9836- Waldteufel Memories 9864- Blue Hawaiian Waters 9873 Carmen-Toreador Song- 9831 New Moon-Vocal Gems. 9925- Belle of New York---Vocal
9211-The Desert Song .... 9614-The Chairman's Remarks. 9592- A Few Drinks 9829The 'Ole in the Road
Percy Pitt's Syn. Orch
Squire's Octet. Strauss Sym. Orch. Squire's Octet. Organ Sule.
Finck's Orch. Ketelbey's Orch.
.... Harold Williams. Col. Light Opera Co.
Gema
Col. Light Opera Co. Edith Day & H. Welchman.
9220 Chauve Souris-Russian Barcarolle, 9821- Merry Brothers 9750-Tarantella-For Flute
& Clarinet....
9883- Lionel Monckton's Memories 9775-Shella McKay
9928 — I'm 94 To-day
Wm. McCulloch.
Leslie Henson.
Geo. Graves.
Russian Quartette. Piccolo Duet.
Eastbourne Mun, Orch.
Col. Light Opera Co. Will Fyffe.
Will Fufe.
THE ANDERSON MUSIC CO., LTD.
Ice House St.
FOR ECONOMY AND CONVENIENCE KEEP ONE HANDY-
Tel. C. 1322.
Tundice
REGISTERED TRADE MARK No 449198
Made in various shapes & sizes to suit
every occasion, Sale Agents Caldbeck, Macgregor & Co., Ltd. (Incorporated wider the Companies' Ordinances of Hong Kong). Prince's Building, fce House St. Hong Kong.
JUST ARRIVED
PIPES
of
LATEST STYLES
in all
LEADING MAKES
B BB
Best
Make
DUNHILL'S ROTHMAN'S LOEWE'S
You are invited to call at our store.
TABAQUERIA FILIPINA
Queen's Road C.
Asiatic Bldg.
From the Bens and the Glens
# This Illustration. is „depicts the attractive Highland Nectar Decanter.
Welcomed and esteemed because of its exquisite delicacy of flavour and true Highland characteristics, no other whisky makes such a definite appeal to the palate as "Highland Nectar", The quality is guaranteed and always rigourously maintained.
THE DISTILLERS AGENCY, LTD,
DISTILLERS.ZDINBURAK.
Highland Nectar"
Rare Old Scots Whisny
Sola Agents pinn
GANDE, PRICE & CO., LTD.,
HONG KONG.
Ta. C. 185.