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"MAIL" REVIEWS
Views Orthodox And Unorthodox
Thus "man makes the forces of to plead complete "nature not simply in the image Others before him were ridiculed ignorance. "af men with whom he can asso- for giving detailed attributes of "eiate as equals-that would not the Unknowable.. But according "do justice to the overpowering to Prof. Eddington not only have "impression. They make on him "-hat he gives them the charac- unknowable is not: het by a little we some knowledge of what the "teristics of the father, makes judicious manipulation wo get "them into gods, thereby follow some knowledge of what the un-1 "ing not only an infantile but also knowable is. "as I have tried to show a phylo
["The Passing of the Priest: The Future of an Illusion," by Sigmund Fread. Hogarth Press, London, 7/6.) "Science and the Unseen." by
A. S. Eddington, F.R.S.genetic prototype." George Allen and Urwin. Ltd.. 2/6.]
"I'd as soon think of contra- dieting a biskop" so said the great Dr. Johnson, awed by the intellcetual prestige of the lead- crs of The Church before his time. But bishops somehow were bishops in those daya and the Church had a standing of its own. But few things are more noticeable in the movements of thought since then than the general clerical retreat and debacle. Time was when British and even European thought were guided by the hierarchy. But the last bishop who has left us anything which bas influenced the minds of men was probably Bishop Butler. And to-day if the terary man does not think of contradicting a bishop it is not because he is in awe of their august learning but because no bishop has said or written anything sufficiently dis- tinctive to be worth contradicting. It is a remarkable fact that every book published in the last thirty or forty years which has guided and influenced the reli- gious thought of men has been
These gods have a threefold task to fulfil:—
own
We have a real and not a sym- bolical knowledge of our nature and so our nature seems very mysterious. The background of symbolic knowledge (the x at a) They have to exercise the the other end of the line of com-
terrors of nature.
munleution, which is dogmatical-; ly stated be unlike the end pro- duct) is also mysterious. ་་འ "think we are not wholly cut off "from this background, It is to "this background that our Own "personality and consciousness be- "long and those spiritual aspects; "of our nature not to be describ- "ed by any symbolism.”
(b) They have to reconcile man to the cruelty of fate and death.
(c) They have to make amends for the sufferings and privations which the communal life has imposed.
As natural phenomena become more impersonal and settle down into laws of nature' the functions of these goda are more and more confined to (c)-morality becomes their real domain.
Thus by a manipulation of the pawns on the chess board some- thing corresponding to our own personality is got into the mys There is" reaching put of the terious background of things. spirit from its isolation to some "thing beyond, response to "beauty in nature and art, an "Inner Light of conviction and
"guidance and these are as much
The multitude of gods, too, gradually condense into one divine being: "When the child "grows up and finds that he is "destined to remain a child for "ever, and that he can never do "without protection against part of "known and mighty powers, he "invests these with the traits of "the father-figure; he creates for "himself the gods, of whom he is "afraid, whom he seeks to pro-
"pitiate, and to whom he never- by a layman. Witness "Human"theless entrusts the task of pro- Personality" by F. W. H. Myers; "tecting him." "God the Known and God the Thus are the illusions of reli- Unknown" by Samue! Butler; glon born. Not delusions "Science and the Modern World" errors, mark you. For there is a by Prof. Whitehead; and now, the great difference. The illusion two books before us.
may come true. Thus the illu- sion of the alchemista that all
•
or
our being 5 our 820- "altivity to sense-impressions."
Thus have we got the basis of
religion and man's attitude to it. True it is purely a personal at- titude-creed has gone and priest
has gone. But this is only what we should expect from one brought up among the least ob-
ganisations. The greatest Divine jectionable, or shall we say most attractive, of all the religious or-
These two volumes are not just metals can be turned into gold out Priest and without Ritual.
may prove to be true.
to
of the nineteenth century wrote a famous essay, 'Christianity with-1
And possibly this form of reli gion-creedless, priestless, ritual- less-is the only form that will
morrow.
#
pot boilers pushed out from the Press. They are important add-
What are we to
say of the tions to thought by two of our future of these illusions? With great living thinkers-the one д the diffusion of education the ob-atisfy the educated mind of to philosopher, the other a scientist.jective reality has become
many less credible. "Criticism "has nibbled nt
the authenticity "of religious documents, natural "science has shown up the errors "contained in them, and the com- "parative method of research has "revealed the fatal resemblance "between religious ideas revered "by us and the mental productions "of primitive ages and peoples."
1. To take the philosopher first. The civilisation or culture into which we are born and which raises us above the animal crea- tion imposes a certain number of prohibitions on our actions-the prohibitions against murder, in- cest, theft, &c. In the course of our development this external compulsion is gradually internalis ed and becomes a mental inhibi tion, in that special mental function, our super-ege, takes it under its jurisdiction. These cul- tural prohibitions will not be re- tive to the same extent with all people nor will they act per- ceptibly among the suppressed classes.
H
*
ton's mind of the authenticity, and There is no hint in Prof. Edding- ""realness" of "the atili small: voice. He knows very well that the man in the street thinks himi table into a "symbolic" table yet a fool for making the hard brown
does he not take a similar view of he accepts the symbolic view. Why "the still small voice"? To put it A rational basis will gradually
slightly differently, He tells us supply the, raison d'etre to the that "one of the more important murder
sense organs" (presumably the eye) prohibition and other
"Is defective". moral standards. Man will be remember rightly, said that if an Helmholtz, If we thrown more on his own re-optical instrument maker had made Bources. This, however, must not it he would get it back to remake. lend 14 to rush to conclusions. But what if "the Inward Eye" is a We have not reached the defective Instrument and "the still millennium. We must just wait small voice" an illusion? and depend on education and science.
and
"If you wish to expel religion lies its strength and its weakness. It is a mystic creed and therein "from our European civilisation "you can only do it through an. Many of us would have to answer. "other system of doctrines,
It in the words of the greatest "from the outset this would take living poet:- "over all the paychological char "acteristics of religion, the same "sanctity, rigidity and intolerance. "the same prohibition of thought "in self-defence,"
By the very incidence of our birth we tend to the humanisation of external nature. This is the first step. "Nothing can be made "of impersonal forces and fates; "they remain eternally remote. "But if the elements have pas- "sions that rage like those in our "own souls, if death itself is not "something spontaneous, but the violent act of an evil Will, if "everywhere in nature we have "about us beings who resemble "those of our own environment, "then Indeed We Can breathe Prof. Eddington's will possibly "freely, we can feel at home in be considered by many the more "face of the super-natural, and philosophical work of the two "we can deal psychically with our though we cannot help feeling "frantic anxiety, We are perhaps that it is open to far more seri- "still defenceless, but no longer oue criticism The growth of the "helplessly paralysed. We can at solar system and the external "least react; perhaps indeed we world is laid before us as it might "are not even defenceless, we can be conceived by a modern scien-i "have
recourse to the sametist to have developed. This is a "methods against these violent, very careful and masterly state- "auperman. of the beyond that we ment worthy of close study by "make use of in our own commun- "Ity; we can try to exercise them. to appease them, to bribe them, "and so rob them of part of their power by thus influencing them."
A
Not mine your mystic creed; not
mine in prayer
And worship at the ensanguined
Cross to keel
But when I mark your falth how
pure and fair
How based on love, on passion for
man's weal.
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Mr. Grayson's philosophy is that of a natural lover; a simple philo- My mind half envying what it can-sophy and sometimes a very full
not share
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cannot feel..
PHILOSOPHY OF LIFE
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Hong Kong. 31st Oct., 1929. Library.]
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every thoughtful reader. Finally life appears and we come to man. He is gifted with those sense organs by which everything that is known of the material world must be sensed, The external This is like all the other books world is inferred from theso in Hodder & Stoughton's "Feople's annoyed us in the book
The only other thing that really. Welcome The New Day.
stimuli transmitted along the Library" a good little book, quite character of Mr. Grayson's wife, nerves. What we call matter then refreshing and stimulating. From Harriet. She does not appear often You welcome each new day with reduced to a shadowy symbolism think that it was an
or the external world has been the title one might be inclined to fortunately, but when she does ap- a feeling of freshness, cheerful as unlike the old materialism as
attempt to ness and efficiency when the ell-thought Is unlike the black let-logy or philosophy, but it is not absolutely no need for her to appear write a popular account of psycho colourless, nincompoop. There is Ineffectual, minative and digestive processes ters by means of which it might There is nothing in the slightest at all, as she does not ever serve ENTER of your body are in sound work be expressed. There is one thing degree technical about the book, the as a peg on which the author can
Ing order.
To prevent constipation, to en- and indeed his whole theories de- reader can find for himself in the he were far better left out al on which Prof. Eddington insists, only psychology is that which the hang some good sayings. In fact sure daily regularity and to spend on it. · celerate digestion, there is nothing there is one kind of knowledge their thoughts, the only philosophy
"Clearly," he says,
accounts of various people.. and better than an: occasional dose of "which cannot pass through such is the author's
S. LACK, Pinketter As gently as nature channels knowledge of the intrinsie fe in general.
Superintendent. these dainty little laxatives and "nature of that which lies at the far
own philosophy of
Hong Kong, 24th Oct, 1929. On the whole it is a very sug} liver regulators banish billous "end of the line of communication.". attacks, sick headaches, vertigo, (Italica ours).
gestive little book showing a very HONG KONG HEIGHTS gloom, in a single night.
We have given whole although there have been an a book very pleasurable in reading The book is hot really a connected real and deep appreciation of lifėj Of chemists everywhere, Pin-
this quotation, because it seems attempt to make it a whole. It ie and very well worth reading. In it the following list of
. For the information of visitors 20 important, and if kettes can also be had post free Eddington believes it in this form just a collection of femembrances, Mr. Grayson tries to give he highest points on the Island and, at 60 cents per vial, from the Dr. THE HONG KONG OPTICAL CO Williams' Medicine Co., 60, Klang
we think he should have rested and idess of life and poople, by a answer to the question "What is life Mainland is published: se, Road, Shanghai.
on it there. But this is just what thinking man in his endeavour to fort" He says "It's to make bet- he is unwilling to do "The understand things. The author ter men, nobler men and after. "chairs and tables around us confesses in his Introduction, that that still nobler men. It's to throw "which broadcast to us incessant the book is really the outcome of all you are and everything you ly these signals which affect our notebook he has kept in which be set have into that one purpose. It's to "sight and touch cannot in their down all the things which struck understand the wonder and the truth "nature be like unto the signals him as being important or, en of life-and then to make other or to the sensations which the Ightening, all the events which led People understand. It's to make of signal awake at the end of him to a little better understanding. fe a great adventure—an exped!. “their journey. If the alimalsThis, of course, has made the book tion, an enthusiasm. Not to blink) alone are known, how does Prof. somewhat in the nature of a scrap sorrow, or evil, or ugliness, but Eddington know what the other book, but many of the ecraps are never to fear them,” end is like? ~ It would be better undeniably good.
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