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THE CHINA MAIL':
SHANGHAI THE BIG PRIZE.
WHO HOLDS IT DOMINATES BOTH NANKING AND HANGCHOW.......
[By George Sokodaky in
Shanghai, September 2-The
N. C. Daily News."]
BYRON IN CHINA,
The
following letter was addressed to the Editor of the "Sunday Observer" under date of July 29 last.
Sir-Of all the recent notices of Byron and his centenary, the articles by Mr. Garvin came out, Lu Yung-hsiang, before he be-in my opinion, easily first. This position of Shanghai in the politics came Tuchun of Chekinng. was in spite of one important point to of China has become increasingly Defence Commissioner of Shang-which, as an old student of the more important since the found-hal. One of his subordinates was poet and of his life, I was obliged ing of the Republic, not only General Ho Feng-lin. who had to take exception: Having long since-rejected-tho-stunt-concocted because it is the economic capital been Defence Commissioner at of the country, but also because Ningtai in Chekiang. Lu rame to Mrs. Beecher Stowe and readily
accepted by Lady Byron, the freedom from governmental regard the Shanglini position as
The moral Clytemnestra of control has made it possible for his own. When he vus appointed
her lord most of the anti-Peking move-to Cheklang, he insisted-upon-his- ments to propagate from this
centre.
controlling
of
man being sent to Shanghai, Hein her dotage, I proceeded to Astarte as soon as it kept his own troops in this city read Yuan Shih-kai understood this In a word, at the time when the appeared. I laid down that book my private, verdict-Nat better than did the Manchus. He ruchuns were asserting their with
Guilty. took helvantage of the possibilities authority over the Defence Com-
Leaving that question to takej here and established a Defence missioners, when the latter no care of itself, my present purpose Commissionera-now-officer-to-longer had Yuan-Shih-kui tois-to-draw attention to a magni watch both Nanking and Bang-hold them, Lu Yuen-hsiung insist dicent literary tribute to the much- chow and at the same time to cd upon the independence of the neglected genius of Byron which suppress any movements which Shanghai Milltary from the con- has renched me from a quarter in might arise in this eity in opposi-trol of the Nanking Tuchun which one might least expect to tion to himself.
Therein lies the whole explanation find it to wit, China; and what is Shanghai in the Past. of the present struggle. For as more, in Chinese!
The Commercial Press uf During the Manchu regime, Tuchun of Chekinng Lo ̈ Yung- Shanghai was not an important hsiang would be a very small man Shanghai, famous for its excellent eity. Previous to the coming of in the military hierarchy of China. reprints and for a series the foreigners, it did not compare | Ás
the military fascinating primers, delightfully in political-importance with Nan-organization in Shanghai in addi-Blustrated, of which our busy. bodics, who would teach the king or Spochow, or in economiction to being Tuchun of Chiang, Chinese how to educate, have importance with Ningro or-Foo-he became one of the principal probably, never heard, and in any chow. The Taiping rebellion figures of the country.
case could not read-has produced Influence of Ningpo brought to the small foreign
what is a closely printed volume For, it is the wealth of Shanghai of 194 pages, demy Svo., running settlements large numbers of Chinese refugees, even as the pre- that matters now-its wealth and to about 50,000 Chinese characters, sent war is bringing them. With political influence. No political the equivalent of 65,000 English the growth of trade came the movement can go very far which words. This work, which is a growth in population. Politically is not financially supported by symposium of well-known-writers Shanghai was part of the territory some group in Shanghai And of the present day, under the of the Viceroy of Liang Kiang,that group, will either he Ning-editorship of Mr. C T. Cheng, which included Kiangsu, Anhui poese or Cantonese. For a time, deals with the poet's career and and Kiangsi and the capital of the Cantoriese inerchants in poetry in a very full and exhaustive. which was at Nanking. Shanghai Shanghai were a political factor, roanner. For facts and opinions, was in Kiangsu province, the but they quarrelled among them-in addition to giving their own capital of which was Soochow. It selves, their guild has been split views, the contributors have drawn was in the Su-Sung-Tai circuit into parts and their interests have upon the best authorities of the which consisted of Soothes. Sung-been diverse. since some support West, further providing an exten kiang and Taichow,
Sun Yat-sen while others have in sive bibliographical record in which I happened to light upon Hungehow, the capital of Che-the past favoured Chen Chiung-A Vindication of Lord Byron, by klung, was not concernet-with-ming-and-now-favour Wu-Pei-fu. A. Austin Swinburne, Arnold, Shanghai affairs. It was altoge-But the Ningpo men have worked Taine, Goss, Castelar, Morley, and ther under another Viceroy, that more or less together through all Rossetti, are names which caught of Min-Che. which consisted of their apparent quarrels. Their my eye when hastily running over Fukien and Chekiang, and the rows within the Ningpo Guild the list, the Chinese sounds being capital of which was at Foochow, have been family affairs, but-when given with them. There was a Governor of Cheklang questions arose affecting Ningpo Many poems are translated: Prevince, whose seat was at Hang- or Cheklang or the interests of " Manfred in full, The Isles chow.
the Ningpo community in Shang-of Greece," "Maid of Athens,"
There hai, the personal jealousies and Nanking Viceroy.
none of Beauty's The Viceroy at Nanking was a animosities of lenders, the desire daughters with a magic like to very important personage, in the for power and fame disappeared. thee," etc., etc. As illustrations, Government. After the signing All hands laboured for Ningpo.five portraits of Byron are givent of the Treaty of Nanking, he was. To-day, Shanghai economically (1) Br T. Phillips (coloured), (2) the Southern Superintendent of a colony of Ningpo. The largest by G. H. Horlow (sketch, 1818), Trade and during the regime of number of Chinese in the city collar, artist not given and un
(3) by R. Wostali, (4) with Byronic Tseng Kuo-fan, he was the doyen come from Ningpo. Most of the known to me, (5), ditto, ditto (on of all Viceroys, politically the most native banks are controlled by cover). powerful figure in the country. The death of Viceroy Tseng and
be
Ning money lenders. And There is also a full-page view of Kingpo is a city of Cheliang and Newstead Abbey, and a specimen, the accession of Li Hung-chang its desires are that Shanghai shall for handwriting, giving the familiar shifted the power to Tientsin. The be controlled by Chekiung. The verse to Lord Delawarr, written at recessity for military and govern-independence of Shanghai from the age of fifteen: mental reforms in Peking and the Nanking therefore has that much personality of Viceroy Li Hung-support and authority. ehang wers factors in effecting Kiangsu Interests Outside.. this change. To this power Yuan The Klangan people in Shanghai Shih-kai succeeded.
In thee I fondly hoped to clasp
A friend whum Death, along
'could sever,
But Envy with malignant Grasp
for ever. (Lines 4 and 5 were originally Till envy," etc., and Detach'd thee," etc.
printed
4
Yours faithfully,
-H. A. GILES.
Cambridge. July 29, 1974.
CHURCH NOTICE
A CHARAEON ONE 10GUAR IN MADE YER ALA KOTRIE UNDER THIS DEADING.
ST. JOHN'S · ÓATHEDRAL
Hongkong, September · 7th 1994. Tith Bundy, after Trinity,,
am. Hdy Communion. 10 st. Children's Servic 11a.m. Matius.
13 Noon Holy Commption.
6 p.m. Evensong.
Peak Chorch.
The Sunday Evening Services will ta continued durio at 0.30 Proachors: bept, 7th, Rov. C., B. Shảon ; | 14th, Roy. T. Powoll; 1st Rev. 15. J. F. Mckio; 28th, Hov. H. J. Northcott.
haya on the whole lost their con-Has-torn thee from my breast Yuan Shih-kai realized that his tacts with Nanking, although Chi own strength lay in the centraliza- | Hsich-yuan has, for two years, tion of authority and in under-one what he could to bring them mining the localization tendencies back into the fold. Kinngsu ends of the provinces. Some of the ut Sonchow, so far as politics arc' provincial Tutuhs and Governors concerned and the great Soochow were his equals in wank or gentry man, Chang Hin, is the authority previous to the revolu leading fagtayin Klangan politics tion. Many of them differed with at this monent. The Kiangsu him on many questions at issue. residents of Shanghai are so To counteract oppositional move mixed up with the Ningpo men, ments, he placed Defence Com-they have had so many business missioners in strategic places relations with the Ningpo native Whose duty it was to main-banks and the Ningpo com. Jain order,' Some of these pradores that it is difficult for Defence Commissioners appear them to realize that the peace of redundant unless e realizes Kiangsu is perhaps as important Yuan's motives. For instance. as the business, of Shanghai. At though Nanking is the capital rule, the Nanking authorities of a province and the seat of a have come to believe that the Tuchun with a large army, there pence of last summer was made is also a Defence Commissioner in largely by Klangsu gentry whose that city. That is true of almost interests are in Shanghai. It is every provincial capital.
therefore interesting to note that i Yuan's Defence Commissioners. - the most important question be. During the Manchu regime tween the two provinces, namely there were very few troops in whether Shanghai shall remain Shanghai because there was little independent or shall become again need for them here. Shanghai is part of Kiangau, was never Chi Heich-yuan, was not on the great highroads to any broached, where. It is at the end of all dissatisfied with such a peace. things. There might be some use The Government in Peking, was for a navy, were China's naval dissatisfied. It was like the Ver forces capable of withstanding an sailles Treaty: It made peace but attack by a foreign Power, but there wasmo peace. there has been and there is,to-day no use for a large military force! The total foreign trade of China at Shanghai. Yuan placed such a in 1928 was Hk. Tls. 1,676:320,303. force here under the Defence Com The trade of Klungsu and Che- missioner, not to keep the for- kiang amounted to Ilk. Tls. eigners within the settlements, 871,725,271 or approximately 52 but to watch the doings of the per cent of the whole country. Military Governors at Nanking Shanghai alone contributed. Hk. and Hangchow and to suppress Tis. 712,101,318 or approximately Kuomintang plots. When Admiral 42 per cent. of the whole. This is Tseng Yu-chang was appointed to foreign trade alone. These figures the post in 1916 his title was alone will indicate that there is raised to that of Military Governor something to fight for, since where of Shanghai a title which General there is money thero is. power in- Ho Feng-lin. holds to-day. The China, as elsewhere. But these position of the Defence Commisfigures in no way show the out of it, is the explanation for the sioner under Yuan Shih-kai was whole, the wealth of the local continued-conflict between Nan similar to that of the Tartar banks, the trade in native goods-king-and-Shanghai over the juris Lu Yung General under the Manchus, He passing through Ilkin stations in diction of this city. was a military officer, command the interior of the provinces, the haiang has been able to maintain ing, troops, directly responsible to secret, illicit trade which a mill- his independence of the Peking of this Yuan and in no way under the jtary man can countenance and Government because. authority of the Governor of the which brings him wealth and economic support. Until that province in which he was station power. The economic importance independence ceases, no matter éd. It was under this system that of Shanghai and its environs and who controls Nanking, the party Ahanghal Hecame politically indo- the ability of a keen Chinese mill in power in Peking will 4ght for pendent of Kiengsu.
tarist or politician to raake money, the control of, Shanghai.
Shanghai's Great Wealth.
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