Shipping.
THE CHINA
NA MAIL Shipping
Shipping.
BROTTO
Hotels
PENINSULAR & ORIENTAL STHAM NAVIGA. PACIFIC MAIL, S. S. COMPANY, INDO-CHINA STEAM NAVIGATION CO., LD, KING EDWARD HO
TION COMPANY.
ILL despatch VESHKES to the Undermentioned. PORTS on or abouɛ the
W DATES ZAmed-
FOR
SHANGHAI HE
LONDON, VIA USUAL FOR
LONDON & ANTWERP,
V14 S'roaz, Pano, C20
Pour Sarp & Manatees
STRANKE
The Saxt, on BIMARIA. (DELHI............................”? About 18th) Fredens and 1.Capt. G W. Gonnax,2.x. Detabar. PamAZA, {HIMALAYA Į Noon, 18th) Son Special
Cap, LES, SPICIERNEJ
October. I divertiamené
CEYLON....... A boot 20th) Freight and Capt. H N. Hayın, R,N,3. October, Painage.
SHANGHAI, MOJI, KOBE/NAMUR ' ...............................................) About 23rd] Freight and
YOKOHAMA....................... (Capt. H. W. KexRIOR, 2.N_R.} Ociobar, } Pazzaga,
AND
P. & O. B. N. Co.'s Office.
RA. HEWETT," Superintendent.
CANADIAN PACIFIC
RAILWAY CO'S,
ROYAL MAIL. STEAMSHIP LINE.
**MFARBA LINE,”
Betwood Chios, Japan and Europa, vin Canada and the United States, calling sa Hongkong, Shanghai, Nagasaki (through the Inland Sea of Japas) Kobe, fokohama, Victoris, and Vancouver, B.0.
The only Line that maintains a Regular Schedule Service of
13 DAYS YOKOHAMA TO VANCOUVER,
(Subject to alteration},
91 DAYS HONGKONG TO VANCOUVER, SAVING.. 5 TO 7 DAYS' OCEAN TRAVEL Proposed Sailings from Hongkong and Quebec.
From Hongkong: TEMPRESS OF JAPAN'
'EMPRESS OF CHINA'
́· MONTEAGLE '
EMPRESS OF INDIA"
Oonaocting with Royal Mail Atizatio Steamer,
From Quabon or St. John: ALLAN LINE
FRIDAY, 19TH NOT. FIPRESS OF BRITAIN'
FRIDAY, SED Dec.
*EMPRESS OF BRITAIN'
SATURDAY, 18 Oct.
SATURDAY, UTH Nov.
SUNDAY, 1ST Nov.
SATURDAY, 4th Dec.
FRIDAY, 3LFT DEA Empress Steamships leave Hongkong at 6 F. and Moutoagie at 13 Nous. Each Trans-Pacific Empress connects at Vancouver with a Special Mail Express Train and at Quebec or St. John with Atlantic Mail Steamer as shown above. The Empress of Britain and Empress of Ireland are magnificent vowels of 14,500 tons, spred 30 knots, and aru regarded as second to none on the Atlantic.
The Empress accamom on the Facidio and on the Atlantic are equipped with the Marconi wireles apparatua.
Passengers booked to all the principal points in Canada, the United States and Europe, also around the World.
HONGKONG TO LONDON, 1st Class, vis Canadian Atlantic Port of New York (Including Meals and Barth in Sleeping Car while crossing the American Continent by Canadian Pacific direct Line)..............
Passengers for Europe have the option of going forward by any Trans-Atlantic Line either from Canadian Porta or from New York or Boston
SPECIAL THROUGH RATES (First Class only) are granted to Misalonaries, Membora of the Naval, Military, Diplomatic and Civil Services of China and Japan
Governments.
Through Passengers are allowed 'Stop Over' privileges at the various points of Interest on roata.
R. M.S. MONTEAGLE' carries only One Class' of Saloon Passengers (termed Intermediate) the accommodation and commissariat being excellent in
svery way.
HONGKONG TO LONDON. Intermediate en Steamers and 1st Class on Canadian and American Railways.
Via Canadian Atlantic Port £43.
Via New York.
For further Information, Maps, Guido Books, Rates of Passage and. Freight, apply to
D. W. CRADDOCK, General Trafic Agent,
Corner Fodder Street and Praya (opposite Blake Pier).
PORTLAND & ASIATIC S.S. 00.
FOR FORTLAND,-via MOJI, KOBE and YOKOHAMA OPERATING IN **
TOYO KISEN KAISHA.
0.8. MAIL LINES
SEMI-TROPICAL ROUTE.
JECTEDŐ KATINGS "FROM HONGKONG
(SUBJKOT TO ALTERATION).
Abg
HIGH-CLASE PRIVATE HOTI
VADLESS FTERNOON TEA ROOMS.
Hot and Cold Water throughoots 4 indtrio Fan (if required
Bimetrically Lighted, G
Fox
TO SAL
+ SHANGHAI, via SWATOW HANGSANG WEDNESDAY, Oct. 19 at &
TIENTSIN, FI TSINGTAU.OHONGSHING THURSDAY, Oct. 14, WEIHAIWEL & CHEFOO} MANILA und intense second SINGAPORE, PENANG
LOUNGSANG -FRIDAY,
NAMSANG... SATURDAY,
Oct. 15, #6 4 P.M. Oct. 16, str. |
MANILA.
· AND "CALOUTTA
† SHANGĦALKWONGBANG, SUNDAY,
1999). TUBNJANG, FRIDAY,' PCOKSANG... FRIDAY,
SHANGBAI, YOKOHAM
Deti 17. Diylight
Oct. 22, 24 F
Nov. 5, at JFK,
KOBE & MOJIM
RETURN TOURS TO JAPAN." Docupying 14 days. THE conmem Kutanay, Namsung and Foolaang luare about every 5. wooan for Shangs That and Tokohama, naturalog via Kobe (Inland Ses) and Moji to Hongkong, providing a stay of 3 to 6 days in Japan if passenzura lays the steamer at Yokohama and rejoin st Kabo.
Those Yosscia have all modern improvements and are fistea, througnous with Electric Eight. A duly qualified Burgeon is also oneriod.
Steamers are amperior Accommodation for Firo-cinas Pamanger, and are Only lian taking the warm House Roura aron the Paris, vis Bonczury, ficted throughout with Elsotelo Light.. on Axt, the most fartile and beautiful laiand of the PACIFIC.
Taking Cargo on Through Elly of Lading to Yanga Porti, Chatoo, Tientsin & Nowchwang
For Freight or Pango, apply to
Telephone No. 61. JARDINE, MATHESON & 00., Ltd.,
PROPOSED SAILINGS FROM HONGKONG
*
ŠTKAMERE,
* MANCHURIA
↑ CHITO MARD
• MONGOLIA 7.000
ון
(SUBJECT TO ALTERATION).
`Barzorg Date,
1909.
.37,000 Tom..............SATURDAY,
$1,000 35 FRIDAY,
+ TENYO MARU... $1,000
KOREA.....
18,000
* NIPPON MARU 11,000
* SIBERIA
"
18,000
"SATURDAY.
FRIDAY TUESDAY, FRIDAY, FRIDAY,
18th Out,, at Noon Stad Oct., at Noon. 18th Nov., ne Noon. 19th Nov., sh Nocs. 30th Nov., st Noon. 10th Doc., Noon. 17th Dec,, at Noon.
* Twin Screw.. Triple Screw Stesser. The . MANCHURIA will leave for San Francisco, via Shanghai, Nagasaki, Kobe, Yokkaichi,, Yokobama and Honolain, on SATURDAY, October 18th, at NooD,
Fares: Hongkong to London £71. 10. 0. including Barth and Mealn
across America
INTERMEDIATE
17
SERVIOR. Asia
9,500 Tons, SATURDAY, — 30th Oct., at Noon." Ching...... .10,200 FRIDAY, 24th Dec.. at Noon. The fine Mail Steamers ASIA and CHINA carry Intermediate passengers only, affording superior accommodation for that simas.
Hongkong to London via Canadian Atlantic Ports ...£4. via New York...£45.
६
SPECIAL RATES (first class only) granted to Mlastonarias, Members of me]Naval, Military, Diplomatie and Civil Serious, and to European, Ufficials in the Bervices of the China and Japan Goremmante.
Through Bills of ding immed to Japan, North, Central and South American Ports. Companies, Ko's BUILDINs (opposite Blake Fier)
For further information sa to Pasign and Freight, apply to the Agency of the
A. SILVERSTONE, Agent
NIPPON YUSEN KAISHA.
(THE JAPAN MAIL STEAMSHIP CO.)
-PROJECTED SAILINGS-FROM-HONGKONG-SUBIRUT
TO ALTERATION. STEAMEDA,
DESTINATIONA.
CONNECTION WITH THE GREGON RAILROAD NAVIGATION CO. VITORIA, 2.0. & SEAT. AKI MARU,
STEAMSHI RYCJA
Tow 3807
***CAPTAIN
TO SAI
E. E. SVENDSEN........ About October 18in. Through Billa of Fading terned to Paese Coast Points and all Eastern, Canadian and United States Points. Fur through rates of Freight and further information, communicate with or wpply to
8. SILVERSTONE, Agent
MESSAGERIES MARITIMES
FRENCH
LINES.
FORTNIGHTLY SERVICE TO AND FROM SUROPE, Via SUEZ CANAL.
M
FORTNIGHTLY SERVICE TO AND FROM JAPAN, Via SHANGHAI
STZANKHE
CAPTAIN
THE, VIA SHANGHAI, MOJI KUPF 10K-- KAICHI, AND YOKO. HAMA
و بستم
Sailing DAZKS, 1909, MARSEILLES: LONDON KANAGAWA MARU, : (WEDNESDAY, 13th
AND ANTWERP, Th Cap. J. Nagso, Tuna 8500 Oct., nt Daylight. SINGAPORE, PENANG,{
BAKATA MARU, CLOMBO, AND PORT
【WEDNESDAY. 97th Capt. J. Dring, Tons 65001 Oct., at Daylight. SAID.......
TUESDAY, 12t Capt. Sato, Tons 70001 Oct., at Noon.. § KAGA MARU,
) YUESDAY, 9th Capt. M. Hagino, Tone 6600 Nov., at Noon.
{FRIDAY, 29th Via MANILA, THUES Capt. 3. Sekine, Tous 80401 Oct, at Noon, DAY ISLAND, TOWNS-NIKKO MARU.
FRIDAY, 28th VILLE AND BRISBANE Capt. M. Yagi, Tom 80001.
1-Nov at 'Koog. SHANGHẢI, MOJI & KOBE Capt. WA. Evans, Tona 5009
[↑ BUMBAY MARU,
FRIDAY, 15th
October. CHADO MARU,
FRIDAY, 15th Capt. G. O. Harry, Tous 600
Oct., at 5 p. NIEKO MARU,
“TUESDAY, 28th “ Dot Noon.
SYDNEY AND WELBOURNE, (YAWATA MARU,
KOBE & YOKOHAMA ..............
MOJI, KOBE & YOKOHAMA BOMBAY, VA SINGAPORE
AND COLOMBO,
Tous 6000
+ SATURDAY, 2nd
Oct., at Noon.
Capt. M. Yagi, HIRANO MARU,
Capt. H. Fraser, Toss 8000 CEYLON MARU,
JSUNDAY, 24th Capt. Prod. Pyns, Tone 45001 October.
§ Fitted with new system of wirefoes telegraphy. Cargo only. + Through. Francagar Ticker isanod to the Principal Cities in the United States, Canada and Europe, in connection with the GREAT NORTHERN RAILWAY and Atlanta Ebamers. Found-the-World Tickets also lasted. Between Nagasaki and Yokohama, Ist and 2nd class through passengers have the option of travelling by Rail
From Hongkong direct to Nagasaki 4 days, to Kobe 6 days and to Tokohama 6 days.
Genaral· MonaLOWYS,
CHINA NAVIGATION.CO., LD.
POR
CHINA.
SAILINGS SUBJECT TO ALTERATION.
TO LAIL
Oct. 14, a 4 p.m.
SWATOW, AMOY & SHANGHAI HATTANO Oct. 15, at Sp.m. SHANGHAI............. SHANGBAI
TEENTSIN
Edeotris Passenger Elevažne 10 sath Flour
Taste Hora at Saranan Ja Talu, Addros VICTORIA, Hanging
For Terms, to, apply to the
——— MANAGER; Honcking, October 2, 1908,
BRADSIDE FRIVATE HOTEL
TANDING is its own gromade with D. Tennis and Croquet Lawas, Large. Airy and Well Fornished Rooms, Etsy home comfort. Fine View of the Harbour. Tulephone, No. 890.
Apply to Mua 3. W. WATTS,
Emoside, 30, Maxicaned Road Hanggang, Bapmember 9, 1908.
VICTORIA HOTEL
SHAMEEN, CANTON," Managua manMY H. HATNEL. Telegraphic iddress • Victoria Shukmoon,
Situated on the British Concession.
MACAO HOTEL
MAÇÃO? Talourable Address Farmer Macao 17, Daylight.Situated in the Centre of the
CHIMANO HUICHOW. Oct. 18, at 4 p.m. KONG Oct. 18, at 1pm. MANILA ZAMBOANGA, and USUAL CANOSHA.Nov. 5, p..
CEBU & ILOILO
AUSTRALIAN PORTS
DIRECT SAILINGS TO WEST RIVER.-Twos Weekly. 8.8. LINTAN' and 9,9. SANUL. shroughout and Electric Fans in the Staterooms. A daly qualified Surgeon la carried,
AUSTRALIAN STEAMERS are superior accommodation, with Electrio Licht: REDUCED FARES, Cargo booked through for all Australian, New Zealand and Tasmanian Ports.
MANILA TWIN SUREW STEAMERS & VENTSIN STEAMERS bare superior accommodation with Electric Eight throughout and Electric Fans in the Staterooms and Dining Saloon.
SHANGHAI LINE –
Praya Grand.
Both Hotel electrically lighted and under arperianced Europeen. Supervision. GUIDES AND Ogaiss Pzavinen, Every Information and special attention.
to Tourists. Reasonable Rater.
W FARMER, Proprider. Mamo, May 13, 1808.--
730
KINGSCEERE,
A
PRIVATE HOTEL
PPROACHED from Kennedy' Road
atid Macdonnell Road.
Tel. No. 134. Teleg. Address:BACHENILL
A.B.C. Code, 4th Ed. Electric light, hot and cold water taronga
Billiards, tennis, croquist, putting
FAST SCHEDULE TWIN SCREW STEAMERS (8.8. Anhui, Chonan, Linan, Chinhua) with excellent passenger accommodation, Electria Eight throughout and Electric Fans in Staterooms and Dining Saloon, leave Hongkong for Shanghal direm every Thursday and Sunday, taking cargo on through Bill of Lading to all Yang and Northern China Ports.
These Steamers land passengers in Shanghai, avolding the inconvenience of transgraad and fine stabling for horses, | ahinment at Woosung.
FARES INCLUDING WINES $15.00 Single $80.00 Retura,
For Freight or Famage, apply to
Telephone No. 8B.
A
H
BUTTERFIELD & SWIRE,
AGENTS
suf
Proprietres, Mas F. BAUHEE.
Hongkong, September 1, 1908.
OSAKA SHOSEN KAISHAJEYES
"
REGULAR SERVICES, PROPOSED
SAILINGS FROM HONGKÒNG-
(SUBJECT TO ALTERATION).
TRANS-PACIFIC
AND
SERVICE.
Connecting at TACOMA with THE CHICAGO, MILWAUKEE & PUGET SOUND BAILWAY THE CHICAGO, MILWAUKEE & ST. PAUL RAILWAY. (The only direct train service, without transhipment, also shortest and fastest route) from the Facile Coast to CHICAGO).
Taking cargo on through Bill of Lading to all. Overland Common Points in the United States of America and Canada, also to the Principal Porte in Mexico, Central and South America.
For
Steamer
TJA DOMA, Via KEELUNG,
SHANGHAI MOJL. ROBE FITZPATRICK, SHIMIDZU & YOKOHAMA Cpt. E. R. Hutchinson.
Do,
SEATTLE MARU, Capt. T. Saito.
Tang
{grams reg.)
Leaves
1,418 Saturday, 8th
ኔ
6,18
Nov., at Noon. Saturday, 20th
Novat Noor.
The Co.'s newly built steamers have fair speed. Superior accommodation for steerage passengers situated AMIDSHIP, A limited number of Cabin passenger carried at low rates. Best adapted rooms for carrying Silk, Treasure sad Parcels, Special attention given towards Express connection.
HONGKONG, SOUTH CHINA COAST PORTS AND FORMOSA SERVICE
For
TO BA 1908. EXTRA PASSENGER SERVICE NEW STEAMERS ANPING, SWATOW ANDRUSHT MARU,
Box SHANGHAI, KOBE ANDĮ ARMAND BEHIC, GOIZT. Oct. 26.
YOKOHAMA 1000000)
*ur'd
Steamers
EUROPEAN LINE.
MARSEILLES, Via FORT SYDNEY,
P.1.
Contr
Oct.
26, ab 1p. FOR GENUA, MÄRSEILLES, LONDON ANTWERP, VA SINGAPORE, SHANGHAI, KOBE AND ERNEST SIMONS, GIRARD. Nov. 8,
2
PENANG, COLOMBO, SUEZ AND PORT BAID. YUKUHAMA !
་་
AMOY
Captain T. Sugi. SWATOW, AMOY, FOUCHOWBUJUN MARU,
AND SHANGHAL.
Captain Y. Fuseno. SWATOW, AMOY & TAMBUI DALJIN MARU
Captain Y. Kxbers....
Nov. 1pm
MARSEILLES, VIE PORT}TQUEANE, BOUZOK,
1
Lesvo
FRIDAY, 15th
Oct., at 10 4.3. SUNDAY, 17th
Oct, at 10 AM. TUESDAY, 19th. Oct., at 10.4.R‚·
Fals speed. Superior passenger accommodation, Electric light throughout.
The newly built steamers: cabin-AMDSHIP.
Flat-class cuisine.
'CHOSHON MARD' And 'Beata Maxe"-First-c
Company's Newly a 9000 Ton Famenger Steamers will be despatched from Hongkong me follows
For information of Fraight, Passagen. Sailings, etc., apply at the Co. Local Branch About Wed., 20th Oct; Offics at Second Floor, No. 1, Queen's Buildings. About Wed, 17th Nov.
T. ARIMA, Manager. About Wed 18th Doc.
TRANSHIPPING on the Oo.'s Steamers at NexGarona low Baraya, Comox for
CALOUTTA, BORRAT and ACETRALIA, at FORT SAM for the Latino Miyasaki Maru (Capt. T. Moral) EDOFE'S and BRACK SEA
Through Tickets to London, via Pants, from £27.10 up to £71.10. 20 hours Kitano Maru Fallway from MARKET to BouDos. Interpreters meet passengers on their arrival in Mineflina.
Hirano Maru
For further particulam, apply to
(Capt. B. E. Cope)
(Capt. H. Fraser)
1910
F. de CHAMPMORIN, Agent, Kamo Maru-- (Cpl. F. L. Sommer) About Wed., 12th Jan.
QUEEN'S BUILDING,
HAMBURG-AMERIKA LINIE,
*****
HAMBURG.
525
FAST ASIATIC FREIGHT SERVICE. REGULAB SAILINGS, FROM JAPAN, CHINA AND PHILIPPINES, VU STRAITS AND COLOMBO,
TO HAVRE, BREMEN AND HAMBURG, AND TO NEW YORKE MAKING Cargo at through Rated to all European, North Continentu aid Bri
Port, also fonte, Lisbon, Oporto, Massillon, Chunos, and other MeditarraNGAN, Levantine, Black Ben and Balto Ports,
ARD ALL NORTH AND SOUTH AMERICAN PORTN.
de adeo or Fort Balz, by the Company's Arshian, and Feralan Service
- Arabian, and Perilan Golf Parba
NEXT BAILINGS FROM HONGKONG."
Outward.
For Shanghai Kokuhama & Kabe
6.8. BEKESIA 19th Oct.
Homeward:
For Havra “& Hamburg
8.8. NICOMETI.Ifth Oct.
8.8. BRIEGAVIA VILLKORG Doff Vor Havre, Asery · &. Hamburg
ANTRA, BURVIE I
58. BENEGAMORI 48.6. SITHONTAS
5.BESTENDI
1.8. BRABILIA
DE SEGOVIA Han
1st For 8.8. AMBRIA... 1632 Oct. 17th For. For antwaty & Hamburge
8th Nov. 38. LIBERIA Lat. Now, 20 Dec. Tor Hayre & Hamburg 10th DBS, BELGRAVIA 6th Nov. 18th Decor Harry & Hamburg
de pe 13.3.5, GUEST
For Further Purlonları, i społy sé
15th Nov.
HAMBURG AMERIKA" LINIE Hongkong Officer
CHEAPEST PASSAGE RATES TO EUROPE AND AROUND THE WORLD,
For further information to Freight, Panga, Ballings, &c., apply at the Com pany's Local Branch Office in Prince's Baidinga, First Floor, Chater Boad.
T. KUSUMOTO, Manager.
MIYASAKI & CO., COAL MERCHANTS.
1489
HEAD OFFICE -SAKAYEMACH, Kors Japan- BRANCHS-NIHOTELSH, SHIMORIMEKI, JAPAN A Marczona,
CABLE ADDRESSES- MIYASAKI, applying to Bead Office and Shimanowald hraneb YUTAKA applying to Hongkong Bracol only,
MOYNA MORITEET SA BAY
The Head and Branch Offices will receive any Order for
JAPAN COALS.
KUBO
MAXAGER HONGLONG
4th Tron, Mo2 SCONHAUSWT BOAD,
Hongkong, Jane 22, 1908.
NORDDEUTSCHER LLOYD,
BREMEN.
IMPERIAL GERMAN MAIL LINES
の
STRÁNILE
BAPLES, GENUA, ALGIERS LUETZOW,
GIBRALTAR, SOUTHAMP
--TON, ANTWERP & BREMENA.
SHANGHAI, NAGASAKI PRINZESS ALIVE
KOBE
AKE YOKOHAMA MANILA, YAR NEWGUINEA)OOBLENZ,
BRISBANE, SYDNEY & MELBOURNE
Capt. 0. Dewer.
Capt. P. Grouch
Capt. H. Rasgeper.
COBLENZ
Cipe R. Riagener.
Capt.
For arther Paruoniam pply jo
YOKOHAMAD KOBE..
KUDÁT ATE HANDAKAN M
To date 1809
WEDNESDAY,
20th Oct
at Noon,"
- About ---- WEDNESDAY
20th Oct
FRIDAY,
5th Kor
at Daylight.
Abont SATURDAY,
16th O
Middle of
Dotober,
Norddeutscher Lloyd,
MELOHEER & 00,
General Agents, Hongkong & Chins,
FLUID
BOST
* SOLE AGENTS. W.G. HUMPHREYS & CO.,
BANK BUILDINGB.
Ronikuna. May 18, 1908
SINGON & CO.
1024
TRON, STEEL, METAL and HARD. BOOMEROHALLS Wholesale And Rotali Ironmongera Pig Iron and | Foundry Coke Importers. General-Stores keepers and Bhipebandiers, Nom. 35 and $7, Hia Loong Striam, (2nd Street; west of Central Market) Telephone No. 516.
Bongkong, September 4, 1939, 1124
THX
LONDON DIRECTORY,
(PUELMSHID ANNUALLY). ПNABLES traders throughout the World.
MANUFACTURERS & DEALEÉS in each class of goods. Besides being, s complete commercial guide to London and a subarbe the Directory containlists, of -**-
EXPORT MERCHANTSES with the Goods they ship, and the Colonial and Foreign markets they supply;
STEAMSHIP LINES Beranged under the Forts to which they mil· and indicating the approximate salinga ; PROVINCIAL TRADE NOTICES
of landing Manufacturers, Marchants, etc, in the principal provincial towns and indone trial centres of the United Kingdom.. forwarded, freight paid, on rapeipt of Postal popy of the current #ition will be
order for 20%.
Dealers seeking agencies can adfested their trade csús for £1, or larger adver- 1tisement from £34 Skyla tato
THE LONDON DIRECTORY Co, Ltd. 25. ABDHURCH LIFE Londey, B.Q.,
WA HISTORY OF UNION.
CHURCH,
the Rav. G. H. BONDFIELD and
Edited by Bav. 0, H. HIOKLING.
To be had at the
Price
Wyndiam Stroetaja pad
+61,00.
THE NEW FRRACH REMEDY,
THERAPION
hospitals by Micod, Homan, JoŽNIK, TETONER K ethwry, verpasses avbrything fitberta vesplorad
THERAPION NO
In a cumarkably shots that,' sita a Low thayyamei in all diachougat, superending inf octions, Eir use of which dous firen seihin karm by laying the Comidation of strictes and other seriost diestas,
THERAPION NO2
pale and morāling of jointa, gecondary symplai
THERAPIONN13