AMERICAN DIPLOMACY IN
TER CHINA MAIL.
Mimister to Peking, hand-in-hand with The following is the document above; A. Robinson
the similarly minded, représentative of Russia, is to bid defiance to the brigands ddresses: Britta Avlerican from London and Paris, and to ship aside residents at ghai to the Ame with all the titbits of the China trade rican Militer A Pekine, on the for the benefit of his countrymen occasion of his recal, and his reply. But, so we have already said, Ame- We preface the whole with some ricand in China decline to allow then remarks of our own, as given in our selves to be taken in with these flattering ordinary daily edition of the "Chi-propises. They now that China is
né Mail" and invite attention to they know that progress is unattainable the statements made in all. They save under continuous pressure, and that are suficiently indicative of general the exercise of such pressure, with judi- feeling here, and as the opinions cions. and equitable firmness, is the expressed in the documents are indispensable condition upon which, not based on knowledge and expe alone progress, but the maintenance of rience they ought to have weight existing rights, depends for all foreigners with those statesmen with whom in China. The simple fact is, (and it is the direction of foreign polley with unnecessary to lay stress upon ita seser- China resta. Ed DOLN tion here, where it is so well known) that foreign interests, properly so called, politicians in the United States may have been led away to speculate on the gorgeous, possibilities originally invented,
referred to which we take from the Little & Co. C. D. News on Address of the British Community of Shanghai to the Ainerican Minster, upon his departure from China, an
SHANGHAI, July 17, 1869.
To His Excellency,
Herbert S. Marris, W. G. Bayne. G. Thin, M., La VCsopron Robert W. M. Bud, R. McKenzie. Barrister at Law. Rowley Miller. 0. J. Slegs & Co. Augustus White, Willian Hargreaves. John Major. F. R. Gamwell, John Muckillop
Envoy Latraordinary and Ministen PleAddress of the Chiens of the United States,
THE AMERICAN ADDRESS resident in Shanghai, presented to the Hon. J. BORS BROWNE, Kneo Etraordinary and Minister Flenipotentiary of the United States, at Peking, ps his departure from China
SHANGHAI, July 14, 1869.
The Hou, J. Ross Browne,
potentiary from the U. S, to Clins.
518We cannot allow you to depart from China without availing ourselves of port the principal agst of, foreign com- the opportunity of your presence at this merce, to express to you the sincere regret which the British, community feel at the ciroumasances under which you return to To His Excelleñoy, the night, here seemed sufficient for your U.
United States,
6. Envoy Extraordinary, and Minister
MR BROWNE'S REPLY.
No. 1921 -ACHUST 4, 1869,
their rule. It is quite a mistake to suppose that the rolers of China have any regard for SHANGHAL 17th July, 1869. GRYTLEMEN,—I have read with great are more friendly for instance towards the one ustion more than another; that they pleasure the osmiunications which you Auring thau towards the English: they have had the kindness to address to me in my perhaps for the English and Russialis relation to foreign polidy in China The more than they do the Americany, but they geverous manner in which you have ex would be glad if one of them ever came pressed your approval of my official course, near." as diplomatic representative of the United these shores. I need scarcely assure you still aire decidedly in an adficial resol States at Peking, will be gratefully ramem of Mr Ward's humilinting attempt to resc The Emperor Hicnfnus, on the occasion by me long after my departure from the Imperial present, expressed himself that thy homeward voyago will be cheered What this foreignor (Ward) remarks,
bered
by the reflection, that Fowever unavailing that he respects the Great Properoxy my efforts have been during my brief sojourn much he does that President a car at the capital to extend the limits of com meres and friendly interesarse with this aident of the United States is nothing
temptuous way of
referring to the Pre- Empire, they have been generously appeals less than to class the Middle Kingdom everywhere throughout the world the great which make one laugh 3... ied by the class why have labored most per- with barbarous tribes. Such wild exalta- sistently, and most effectually, to promote tion of himself can only be relegated to subjects
catise of civilization,
your communications, respecting the policy Fally concurring in the views expressed in
The Honorable J Ross BROWNE Own Countryman to couray, to you an ex-
Plenipotentiary to Cha pression of fained but the interests of Great Britainisation of the affairs of, United States
The logic of arms has compelled respect, the regret so puiverzaly outer- Sorting Hath Suity Sare identical in China, A few ambitioue and the United States in China are so com in Ching, and the cause of the withdrawal, essential to the maintenance of our treaty But if we suppose a change in their opinions There has undoubtedly been a change in their estimate of foreigners since that date Your withdrawal from the ad-
pletely identical, and their affairs are 80 intertwined in all parts of the empire, that seem to us your fellow in rodent in in stating that, sites the day of my ar There has been no war since 1860;
rights in this county, I take pleasure and policy, we thrust suppose a causa. we feel we are addressing one of the most this Empire, sufficient reason for an ex- our own rights and privileges,
strenuously advocated every proposition policy which, we understand, you have which you have advaited. The conclusions any foreign power; no tiew policy has been We are further prompted to address you,
elianinated; justice and consideration have
MR. BURLINGAME AND HIS COUNTRYMEN IN UHINA.
Iris creditable to the sagacity and good we believe, by Mr Caleb Cushing, of a earrest and most conscientions advocates of pression of our opinion in favor of, the arival in Peking to the present time I have of flagrant wrong has been committed.by
advocated, and of our regret that your
sense of American residents in China virtual protectorate of China by the that they have uniformly refused to United States, but even those-residents in testimony of the perfect. cordiality which adherence to that policy has been followed to which you had been led by long practica! been observed by all the treaty power allow themselves to be drawn into supon the spot who might consider this has always subsisted between the American by the loss of your valuable services to experience, have been reached, `eb my part, the influence of Great Brita T, as well as of
undertaking have claimed of late, in, the
honied representations deceive no one
residonta in China and ourselves. We all enjoy the same rights and privileges, and
port of the mischievous Burlingame
golwit anung the empha, prospect a pleasing one nie amply con-
American interests in Ohima
through the simple process of reason aided the United States, has been freely given to by & Bareful study of the history of foreign the maintenance of the Imperial vinced that Mr Burlingame's is not the with which the minor members of that system to bring the result about His we are all united, in hostility to the area this country we believe the one that looks feel that this unanimity of opinion is found bably have crushed it but for forsige inter- The true policy of the United States in intercourse with China. It is gratifying to mout against a rebellion, which would pro- journals of the United States, hostility here. It is known that every concession Great Britain and the United States, a mons of that extension the raising of China such a consntrance of testimony, will not been a perfect iccard between the foreign tion of any exclusive intergata. Unfortu towards the extension of its trade auded upon an enduring basis of truth, and ventium. In effect, since the establishment nately, however, in the press, both of intercourse with western nations, and by that principles in support of which there is of diplomalio relations at Paking, theri het to British intereste as the real ajout of pozened either by his influence or that of tempta have been made to produce jealousy in the scale of civilisation of squire to be maintained by fanciful and Blinisters on all subjects of general interest the undertaking. Looking back, after this lapse of a year and a half lines the another layas added to Chinees pride lug hopes of special advantages being low in civilization as she is in wet te oity of my engagementa, and the brief time
others from foreign governments is but and unfriendly feeling, by ignorantly raise claim that China as she stands, is debisive theories. time when fue despatch of two Menda and repellence. The sagacious Minister accorded to one or other of those nations power that her history teaches us little city
I would be
No special causa for preference has existed, in the multipli and the best proof that no exceptional in rins to Europe, with Mr. Anson Burlin whom the United States Government We can only trust that increasing know worth knowing except niszimb of morality, intervening before my departure, to give you in the fact that all advances made, all
impossible, game, was first announced from: Peking has recalled for declining to assist in the ledge of China will lend to core accurate long reduced by western nations to actual a complete exposition of toy views on the commendations for the introduction of fluence has been obtained, may be found views of the complete co-operation, which and wholly irreconcileabile phases through and will, we trust, proclaim it openly on municipal government one single com which the Mission has been made to pass returning to his country; and the out-munity.
gollen; that her present state, so far from papers cover so broad a field for the expres being an example, is a warning of the rsion of opinion, and embody so sudny in in the eyes of the public. At the outset, spoken sentiments of American residents
aults of a false system and a violons policy. Prtant questions of international policy: in the beginning of 1868, we find the at Shanghai, on the occasion of My Twareengnise the unanimity existing between
It is with the liveliest satisfaction
We claim that the presence of foreigners would require more time, and certainly that a mere glance at the leading points Chinese Government, ju, the, official do Ross Browne's departure, will doubtless yourself and Sir Rutherford Alcock, on the is a protection and a blessing to the puple more careful consideration, than I can now caments of which translations, were pub lished at the time, appointing two petty
wars; and that, in all probability, it is at present attitude of China towards foreign improvement, save through desolating hangers on of the Foreign Tamen to
this day the chief cause of the present Governments, from s stand point differing
A briar rev travel in Europe, accompanied by the
government, and perhaps of any central in some respects from that of the foreign American, Burlingame, what at the
government in the country. same time, gushing communications from
residents at the ports, may not be altogether the Ex-American Minister himself on-
devoid of interest. lightened the world with reference to the
it is entertaining to trace the accessive work of deception knows this thoroughly makes us for all purposes of trade and Palice, but by China neglected and for- questions auggested in the addresses. These foreign improvements, all applications for
sudden burst of affectionate confidens
after dinner, with which the Chinese statesmen forced upon him the task of
representing their country abroad, for the moderate sum of Forty Thousand Taels, a yearicus Little birds, indeed, whispered ere long a different story, and told how the ingenious Mr Hart and his alle Mr MaLeavy Brown of the British Legation had settled preliminaries in advance, and how Mt, Burlingame bad consented to go forth, an Ambassador to mankindy in defence of the threatened
that
upon them.
grants, concessions or rivileges, of what ever character and from whatever soures have beon rejected with the must rigid he partiality by China of an Embassy to treat
In the United States, the sending forth western powers, was hailed as one of the
th
mpress with disagreeable plainness, ou mal questions of foreign policy, anuani. that this presence is their only chance of bestowview of the recent history, and grandest progressive morajnents of modern
Mr Burlingame's receptive mind, the fact that falsehood and attempted wickery will be repudiated even by those whose interests auch proceedings are declared as intended specially to benefit."
THE BRITISH ADDRESS TO MR.
ROSS BROWN.
We publish hereunder the address presented to Mr Ross Brown by the British Community of Shanghai, and cannot, but remark upon the singular contrast which the action taken by our northern friends presents to the laisser aller style of our local politicians. It is somewhat unusual to present addresses to foreign officials, thanking them for the tono they have adopted, even when those
ily which
the foreign residents in Quina, We can
is shared in by the whole of not but admire the unanswerable vindica tion by Sir Rutherford of his and our views, which is contained in his despatch to Lord Clarendon of 5th February last. Wa believe you owe your recall to the presistent manner in which you have con winchi your own government bare adopted tinued to express views, contrary, to those at the instigation of Mt. Burlingame. You have coupled, te ne join over when you were convinced that your government were this disinterested attitude from a souse of being misted, and as you have taken up duty, tie a futter of sincers pleasure to us to have this opportunity of assuring you that it thus boldly proclaiming the truth, you have the entire and unanimous bation of the British residents.
appro
precipita
We believe that the advancement of China, without anarchy and rebellion, can- not be had by waiting until her own governs can be got only by the pressure of westers ment is content to move. We believe it opinion, in forming new tertus of treatles, and by the pressure of western power in sustaining thous treaties when forured. on the part of western natious to insist on We claim that not only is there a right steps that will further the cause of civilize zion in China, but a clear duty in that direction.
times.. Sensible of the importance of en- couraging foreign intercourse, China, it abandoned her policy of exclusion and g was alleged, bad now, of her own accord, It has been alleged that the so-called new did not wait to be pressed, but took the tered upon a careet of improvement. She policy mears justice to China, and, as such uitiative. All she desired was fair treat own from this is utterly unwarranted by order of things. A proposition so rew means progress, Speaking in behalf of my metit and time to adapt herself to the new ference from this is by sonable as this, and so accordant with the facts. So far as I can glean from the pub generous sentiment of the civilized world lished corresponderice of my predecessors could not fail to be received with great favo United States has been fair and conciliatory; during the past the years, the polley of the and, I am quite sare, there has been no de parture frooz a similar policy on the part of Great Britain, No new system has been
sielied gratifying evidence, not only of the It was what everybudy desired, and it fur- progressive spirit of the age, but of Ameri- can influeno-in China.
The movement, howover, was not indige
We believe that while western govern adopted, and no new revolation has been nous; nor does its object yet seem to be
made
Lispectorate General of Maritime Cus officials be Representatives of the United reasons for protesting against rongest forego the advantage of the moral influence tive merits of American and English policy ment. None of the foreign governmenta toms, whose Tonnage-dues revenue it States; and that the most influential tion with which a new policy has been where she will spontaneously accepty and antly shown by the newspaper preas of the upon them. If they desired to adopt our It is unnecessary for us to dwell on the firmly discharge her part in the reciprocal Cnited States. The interests of each are an industry, who was preventing them?
all feel ws
to be.
was being threatened and hampered in have taken any step which would more laid down rules of action for our Mi Your recall to be, that, in the couscientious treaties made prior to 1858, and the ad. Of
pres-
made terests in China we have, in common with generous part, towards Chin, they cannot is no such division of opinion as to the relato my mind, that it was not intended by
In view of the importance of foreign in. ments are bound to get a friendly, just, and
am happy to believe that in China there roughly understood. It is quite cleer your countrynien
bere, the very it of their greater material power.
the Chinese rulers as a progressive move. As China has not arrived at the stage and such jealousy between the citizens of was only right to place at his disposal community in China should have gone adopted by both goreruwente
the two nations on this const, as that re-
were bringing any undue pressure to: best return for the services he was to render, out of their way" to compliment and Then came the dinners in San Francisco sympathise with Me Brown says a good fatal to its success.
objections which numerous
improved systems of inter-communication obligation of States, and advance in 18 career and Boston, the sudden discovery that deal for the effect which our recent and the British Governments have scaune pressure would be disastrous to foreign and get board a single American merchant they were surrounded by the
Both the American of discreet progress, the withdrawal of egarded as concurrent; and I havo not sit Chins, spotless, enlightened, and yourn policy has produced upon the minds of ed that there is a desire for progress on the native interests, and even threatening to make invidious reflections upon the throat pretentatives of the Western governments, intelligent ing for intercourse with the foreignery British residents. They could scarcely part of the Chinese Government, which
policy the safety of the Stats.
who had crotributed to the establishment Without going back into the history of of a pacific policy, and who had given her sefire for pepeful progress by the
compelled to dissent from the declarations residence of forsigu Ministers at Peking, it they found themselves drifting by the sheer we know does not exist Lord Clarendon t We have understood the chief cause of
their sincerity and “brutal diplomatists of Europe, to
discharge of your duty, you found yourself sure of British and French arms up to the reality was to arrest progress, into which
vances gained step by step under the
endship. the Imperial authorities combat whom it should henceforth, bo the mission of the United States Gov,
We believe, for our part, that the bits will not be accounted strange that I should force of circumstances. Ent it in a curious
the facts démogracy whose longings for instrus States whether after all there must not be purposes it contemplates are concerned, we plications. We ard, inany of us, Mr Bu
feature in the history of foreign intercourse history in preference ausalon tend to day
dangerous issues, and com
with China, that every How at the hands of American mission- something in a point of view upon which cannot look forward without considerable
Whether more advantageoug resulta
attempt made by aries, for an equalization of coinage, Her Majesty's Minister and that of the use on the Chinose mind. It is almost rejoiced in the mission when we had reason means; whether the fault of our
anxiety to the unfortunate effects it will
lingame's friends.
appported and
might not have been obtained by posable chanzo, has had precisely the opposits
effect from that intended. Weights, and, pansurço, and for unlimited United States, the residents of both those impossible for us to convey to our fellow to believe, that it was in the interests of factory progress may not be treeed to the
Every mes progress (backwards), were eloquently and all other nationalities, the local journeemen at home. Just idea of the ut progress, and that its members would for unjnst and iniquitous conduct of foreigners an additional step forwant.
sure taken to restrict the expounded by the onvoy, who now ap-vals, no matter how differing in other matter iuflitof the Chinese to.comprehend ther those interests by representing, in theiù China since the,days of Kang-he; werlist this Embassy will contribute to the vivilization has result- a. aggressive
racter, extinguishing big, Chinese compa- officers, professional men, and lastly the our own powerlessness, or a tear of their how she could bost be raised and supported on both sides, are not questions that can tend to the establishment of a better unde from the Customs headquartera at agreed Wheu such unuimity is found monts.were in a position to estimate all the when we found it only used to represent which culminated in the treaties of Tientsin,
thoroughly open the eyes of the Foreign office to the determined opposition which its policy has evoked, and the answer to y their memorial cannot but give rise to
nister, our Consuls, and our community which would prove utterly inadequate if dary measures. But while the policy will crisis: Decurred, demanding extraordi
beia failure so far as
of
Mr. Burlingame.
accept
of
ernment, 88 protector of the Asiatic doubts both in England and the United in our opinion, or far as the apprehensious created by Mr. Burlingame's to nufounded theories of Chinese progres the Chinese to force back the current of
peared in his new and unexported uhaters, the missionaries, naval and military any motives for forboarsute, other than western world, the true state of China, and nions, and sadly, outgunning, there can majority employed in the very service of growing arough. It is our quid opinion We were our beno doubt, his private instructions the Chinese Government itself, are fully that if the
We were surprised and disappointed, Chins as an example of strength, goodness
in
their new
uences
Astivan Govern
Peking on
there must be some strong cause for its policy, they would abandon it at
dangers that are involved
Burlingame in Europe and his confeder minority, whether journalistic, merca. It is our miest, earnest wish, that when In Arberica, though differing note-tile, or official, who advocated the peace you return to the United States, you say
the real issues that are raised by the
upon
·
good faith been observed
then it would have been botter had justice, moteration, and
now be determtued.
however,
no
f force, Mr Beed in his dis of
of
Advance
uf
cance of progress,
I have no doubt. What ever, brings nations nearer together, In all the important conflicts with China standing, and the removal of obstructiona
friendly intercourse. This
Fas very From that period on ward the ene of Mr existence. Were there even a respectable state of alurma, at the probable con and wisdom; to give the impression that the government of the United States, inly seen by Lord Elgin in his negotia.
she bad abandoned her old pretensions of mity with its established polios, tius connecter with the Treaty
conformity anperiority, and, with an eager desire for maintained a
Tiel This position of shed
ein in 1868. improvement, was ready to press forward
1858. Objecting to the plea of ignorance set up by the Chinese Commis. ably in tone, has betrayed one and the policy system, a bolief might exist that endeavour, to enlighten the public mind upon the path of reform; that she needed ground for rejecting the concessions gained plendorbtless well founded, battoofrequent
Bionus wlton. discussing same guiding idea, viz., the hindrance of the minority were right. But when asistenco of foreign intercourse with Ching, own moral instinct; that all pressure, even patches to Lond Elgin, frankly acknowly used as a subterfuge to evade responsibili foreign affaire--s no other: inducement to improve than by the
her Bauropean, pregrout of every kind in China, those professing different religions creeds and open effciest moral pressure, was a wrong and a mistake, ledges the services rendered to our citizens arbustly recommended to that the those who prefer peace and those who and the most heat and advantage and that in fact the nations of the West and our commerce by Great Britain; and Emperor should send to Europe, high aut would gain by war, those who judge the zation into this vast expire.
had mure Chinese from outside contact and those
to learn than to teach in their in a letter to Mr Oase saya: Nothing trustworthy officers, and tai that intercourse with this, 80-called,
American statesmanship here, than a dis. pity and security of his Empire that they We are deeply interested in the promo. tempered jealousy of English or French should possess. It was subsequently tion of the peaceful development of China, progress, seeing as I do, in the porte, and red upen the Chinese government by the tions, sad we may presume that our direct prise goes, ours in quickly alongside of it; specially recommanded by Mr Burlingame and in its musiztouance of harmonious rela markets of China, wherever English enter.
foreign representatives at Peking, and was and intimate acquaintance with the Empire its postal service,
that every dollar Great Britain spends on visit Europe and the United States. It
in 1866, when that realors us, not altogether untrustworthy naval force, is for our benefit. Similar in maintaining ite
gentlonian was about to witnesses. As such, we do not hesitate to acknowledgements were repeatedly made another and more direct influence at work was also recommended by Mr Secretary express our epinione, and we believe that by Mr Burlingame, who in referring to the
Seward in December 1866. But there was time will justify our conclusions.
We dan sure you, with auserity, that you will leave these shores regretted by all your countrymen, with a respect which could only have been created by an impar tial administration of the duties of your high position
which not of kindness on the part of the who have a fair knowledge of their lan for your exertions to promote truth and intellectual people of the toute and is more likely to defast the true aim of knowledge which it is essential to the dig
and the destruction of European influ- ence (the two wonditions are indeed vir tuklly one and the same), in return for
United States, Ching is gratefully to guage and made of thought, their legal accept, the American Government sa its and social systems--when these are alike guide, philosopliér, and friend,to listen united in the expresion of one opinion, to the advice of Mr Burlingame and Mr and that decidedly opposed to the doo Burlingame only and in the fulness of trines of Earl Clarendon, the probabili tling to concade railway and telegraph ties are overwhelming of its being
mopolies to den Burlingame's Wall correct.
correspondents,...
to
We tender to you our most sincere thanks justice and, in expressing to you our heat wishes for your fature welfare and prospe- that your career in China, shquld have the rity we beg to take leave, fouling nagret been so suddenly cut short
Co
John B
Turner.
We are, Sir,
Your obedient Servants, Jardine, Matheson J. B. Robertson, Timeand a very short time will The old adage that The best way
H. Evaus & Co. & Co. probably shew that in entrapping the keep peace is to be prepared for wars bli, Livingstur B. D. Saison & Co. British Government, as he has doubtless strikingly true in China. The Govern Shaw Brothers & Co. W. H. Harton,
C. J. Tatham. congratulated himself upon doing, into ment acts upon its teaching at home but Gilman & Co.
D. 1. Hauter. thit policy of abandonment which has obstinately refuses to apply it out here. Birley, Worthington Mackenzie & Co.
J. W. Dann recently been avowed, Mr Burlingame Yet it cannot be that the China tride in has not only overreached Limself, but of no importance to the exchequer of the Brand Monro & Co. D. Muallister has done bis paymasters disservice. The British empire to say nothing of the Butterfield & Swire, Thing. A. Cowderoy,
Adamson, Beli & Co. D. Brand, opinion is becoming more and more ployment it finds, first and last, in the way George Barnet & Co. Robert H. Percival. general that if one thing more than of ships, do, to be many thousands of our Reiss de Co. another is likely to precipitate a collision working and middle classes at home. But p. pr. The Borneo 2. M. Hay. with China, on a serious scale, it is the the foreign office has been persuaded that Company Limited. J. J. Osun. ayatem of sole reference to the so-called the policy so successfully pursued in other Bower Haubury & WEI. Haslemt.
W. B. Dalgliesh.A. Ferguson, Central Government in all cases of dis quarter that of masterly inaction
Ed. Chas. Essex. pute; but this view of the case has not will meat with similar emocesa out Tarter & Cu
CWilliam A. Turnbull, yet reached, the enthusiastic writers for here. But inaction is, in China, syno- Holliday, Wise & Co. Win. Harvie, the New York press, among whom it is nymous with retrogression. Our policy Maclean, Thorburn W. Pugh. no secret that "attachés" to the mission in China may be compared with the pro- and "professors" at the University of 81ess of a boat against a strong current Coutte, de Co. ̈ ̈ ̈ ̈ Foking" are numbered, Among these oue lie on your cars and you not J. Jarvis & Co. gentlemen, exuberant with Tonnage merely cease to progress bit you are Chapman, King Dues and patriotic enthusiasm, the ery immediately carried backwards. Until
Dickinson & Coi of Joyfulness over the new régime in our Governinent at home can be made to Reid & Co. China grows louder and louder. One of so the force of this argument it is vain J. Helbling & Co. their leaders has recently described in to hope for change.
Hogy Brothers jubilant accents the downfall of British We have reason, from private infor- Bradwell, Bloor & Co. The Brothers & interests in China, deolating how the mation, to doubt the assertion that Mr politysuf Great Britain ban been to Browne is recalled because of his oppost Blain & Co. V
Co. drug the Chinese in order brutally to tion to the Burlingame embassy-hum David Sassoon, Sons 200 demand they have no doubt bug, but that in no way alters either
&Co. whatever of the good time coming for the value of the addresses presented to J. McDouall American citizana exclusively in Chine him or of his reply thereto. In them he R. J. Fearon. The Uhinese are no longer to dread the distinctly lays down a policy diametri Jackson. Heets of Great Britain or the regiments cally opposed to the "hining cross" M. M. Walker.
John Grigor. of France, Oppression has slunk away nonsense and shews that he at least is a 3, Somerville. abashed at the disinterested bidding of man able to learn from the experience of J. Mackellar, the United States, The new American others,
Priestly Taty
W
W, de St. Urues. Barnes Dallas, Jh. A. Taylor, & W. J Stewart. Hy Mories William Murray Chas. Webb. J. A.
diamond. H. P. Tennant. David Petrio. J. H. Chefertou. L Camerun
W. McMuiken.
G. Lethbridge, B. G. Vachell. Renty
A Mylae. fred Dent, Glover, Dow & Co. Frails A. Groom. James H. Wright. E. MoLongulin/ B. Head, A. R. Burkill.
We have thie houet, &e, Robert Nelson. 1. B. Eames D. J. Macgowan Everett Frazar Bilas D. Webb. Edwd. Canningham, F. B. Forbes. E. G-Low Jolia Thome. 8. Wyllys Pomeroy,
Jur
Fred. D. Hitel, G. H. Wheeler, Theo, W. Eckfolit
H. B. Endicott
J. O Allen, Jr. OJ. Ashley Food . B. fenkian Juo, H. Wisner. Fred D. Bush 8. W. Hawshurst.
J. W. Buggles J. Harmon... Jno. T. Hardy, 0.0 Kendall Goo. W. Andrews. J. B. Boswell. J. P. Watson. H. M
Billings, F. E. Haskell. E. C. Kay, A. L. Gordon, G. W. Besitobainp. John R. Mackie. Wm, O. Furber,
W. C. Blanchard, Geo. Haal Dirwell. Joha G. Purdon, A. A. Hayes, Jr. EL Seymour Geary W. J. Blydenburgh E. D. Barbour, (C, P, Blethen.
Chas. E. Endicott, John F. Seaman, Je.
E. W. Rice.. A. Shaw Hallott. T. J. Ivan, Thon, O. 8. Jankius John F. Roberts. Arthur HL Clark
શ
liberal course pursued by Sir Frederick for some time preceding the appointment Bruce, and others, who had preanded him, of the Embassy. On the dismissal of Mr. in the inauguration of the co-operative Lay in 1863, Sir Frederick Brace policy said: There can be nothing more sud Mr Burlingame strongly recom United States and Great Britain, in China." art, as Inspector General of Customs. unmeaning than antagonism between the mended the appointment of Mr. Robert Mr Willisuus referring to the revision of the This gentleman had the confidence of British Treaty, bears testimony to the eff. the binese government; he had labared siency and general justice of the British efficiently in its service, and he assumed government and its officials in Chius.
the duties of his position with a thorough knowledge of the condition of the country,
£
employers. Al
It is by no means certain that the Chinese and the necessities of his are disposed to accord to Americans, on thon h it was made degree of respect or confidence than they Fesing, because of the troubles which h accoRut of their forbearance, a higher appointment that he should not reside at condition of his
Accord to other nations. The impression already arisen from the quasi diplomatic has obtained in the United States that they position of Mr Lay, bis edrico in a similar are exceptionally friendly to as I have capacity was found so valuable to the ro discovered nothing, during my residence in verument, that he has been abssut only st Peking, to warrant suck an sesumption, occasional intervale since the date of his They regard Americans as they do all to appointment, and since 1865 has resided Tsung-hing and his associate Commissioners cooperated in bringing about the Embassy reigners with distrust. What was said by peruoutly at Peking. That Me Hart in 1864, that the England barbarians are to the West is generally acknowledged. full of insidious schemes, uncontrollably le fact there is no room for doubt on the H. M. Cunningham.forpe and imperious," that "the American subject. Not only did he persistently arge C. G. Besbe. nation does no more than follow their the appointinent of an Enhassy; but ha N. B.
B. Hinckley, direction" that "every movement is the very plainly demonstrated to the rulers E. Webb Horatio N. Gray,
conception of the English" may possibly that the nations of the West would even have undergone some modification since tually, in the execution of existing treaties, G. W. Baffey.
that date; but, if so, I fancy it is rathar compel them, to advance, if they did not E. W. Bilis.
in form thats in substance. The experience do so voluntarily. All the mesenres of B. U. Smith.
of Mr Reed in 1858 was, that, Stead progress urged upon them as savutial in W. Hi Condit fast neutrality and consistent friendship friendly intercourse and to their own safety 10.0. Spencer. make no fuipression on the isolated ab by the Misters at Peking, were urged M. G. Holmes, duracy of this easpire."1 never thought," with great vigor aud clearness by Mr Hart W. E. Stephenson sall he, that there was on the part of the He frankly pointed out the inherent de Wm. Gamble. oficials any such distinction; I am now sare fects of their political system--the corrup Young J. Allen. ofit." Mr Williams expressed similar views tions of their provincial officers; the utter J. W. Lambuth.. in 1869"The principle of conduct to lack of accountability in their fiscal system, H. Dinmore wards all foreign nations which this govern and carnestly endeavored to convince them, James O, Pendleton, ment adopts is isolation. Keep them st as that their only salvation lay in a forward 9, H. Jones
great & distance as possible, and gut into no movement. If they manifested a sincere Jos. W. Allon. quarrels with them if it can be avoided, is desire to accept the museliorations proposed
No. 1921
by Western nat with generous their struggles difficulties of t qourse would pretexte would obstinacy by fo advice, and it se preciated. Ent no idea of adv concerned to in innovations upo and at the same threatened them in great difficult nal disorder, sut
out
of the execu great rebellion its necessary cor tion and an im the minor rebell system, prevaile For provinces. Aries and other through the Min rights or such m would runder were made attais Bazily tended to changes, à orie
sion of the Briti culties on all own weakness, far they could ties which had
ignorant of the governments, su ciently with th rulers adopted promised relief f in which, since t
tercourse, they refage-procrast an Embassy to sibly to explain depreciate unfrie that the princij should be obserT to establish the affairs in their for themselves t for making any deem and bappin
or
Justice in our
with all othe commended; it
ever
right is e
as the basis of al between nations, for question as to ence of opinion a drawn from lesso there are few enough to deny towards Chine, conscientiously
means.
If Christ construction to tr international law of civilization, is to construe lights, or the the there is certain to the practical means by which may be avoided. mind that the su
a course of retrog the inferior; and exist, they must e terms as the stron
It surely would b
civilized nation to pretation of jus China, There is rence between
faith,
faith, upon
:༥་
whic our relations im upon isolation a good of tone bey
other is broad, gu
ing the good of a
our own faith, 'much as may be re duties which it in beyond that, we B tion, however dej vileges and immu while it persistent imposed
by the c the general welfa Jend our influene falas, and supers degradation of our The principle I
the
Unite
ment of like China or Jap sphere of law in ti
to government, be government to met is, that ful tional rights must legal thought.
Experience in C evidence of the dif ed in observing t all our relations a
scarcely a case not involve, to sol lations between those between os people.
for this is
The rights und exterritoriality are
ly defined, or avo factory definition tion must end in ti
ara incongruous
that nothing short remedy the difficu
end, which all mu
The essential pr
ties have been
force, and doubt!
tions,
holding fore against th es; yet pr prejudices, and a ence in the admini affairs. It is clea
force the opening
a sovereign state ju
Boil; to secure a di
at Peking at the can
there against the r to establish a custoj foreigner at the h aubordinates at the
compulsory relatio whole tendency of tamstely destroy i
Mere consequences of suc tinue, it is simply t
the back-groned, with force in from power, there can would restrict the i to the sea-ports, if from the country. this, she attempts. ties of diplomacy, force
If the view I ha
would not benefit relinquish all privil And carry out the Co