as restaurants or cafes or as food shops for the sale of fresh meat and fish. In addition to the 1,011 shops and workshops of various types which require no licences, there were on 31st March, 1958, eighty five restaurants, sixteen cafes, sixty three fresh meat and fish shops, eight roast meat shops, and thirteen fruit and vegetable shops in the estates. The comparable figures twelve months previously were: 577 shops and workshops not requiring licences, forty one restaurants, twelve cafes, and seven fresh meat and fish shops.
29. A hawker bazaar, mainly for the sale of fresh vegetables and fruit, was established by the Urban Services Department near the meat and fish shops in Tai Hang Tung Estate in March 1958. Similar hawker bazaars are planned for the other large estates, in accordance with the Urban Council's new hawker policy.
30. The policy of encouraging welfare agencies by offering sites in the cottage areas and rooftops in the multi-storey estates has met with good response, and rooftop sites on new blocks are now immediately allocated for boys' and girls' clubs or for primary schools as soon as the block is completed. Several permanent school buildings are also being built near the multi-storey estates by Government and by voluntary organizations.
31. A more detailed description of the work of the Department is given in the succeeding chapters.
CHAPTER III
HOW A SQUATTER AREA IS CLEARED
32. The vast squatter colonies which existed in 1953, particularly in the Sham Shui Po and Cheung Sha Wan districts of Kowloon, have now almost gone. The remaining areas consist either of groups of wooden huts perched precariously on steep slopes which are unsuitable for almost any form of multi-storey building or of conglomerations of structures of all types including brick or stone houses, workshops and factories. Some of these structures have been erected on private agricultural land without the necessary permission from the Building Authority and in breach of the Crown lease conditions which restrict the use of such land to agriculture.
33. Although the remaining squatter areas are comparatively small they are still very numerous and their total population is estimated at about 280,000. Within these areas are to be found comparatively small
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