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the stomach. This was distinct from post-mortem change. No denudation of the mucous membrane of the small intestine was found. In other respects the appearance of the case resembled that found in Case No. VIII.
Case No. X.-For details, vide Case No. VI. under "Buboes and their Significance.
12
WILLIAM HUNTER.
Pathological Conditions complicating Plague.
During the past two years, nearly 1,500 post-mortem examinations were held, and in addition to the lesions produced by the plague virus, other pathological conditions were occasionally met with, some of which are of great interest. Among the pathological conditions found in plague corpses, may be mentioned :--
Beri-beri.
Malaria,
..common.
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Dysentery,
Alcoholism,
Marasmus,
..rare.
+7
.common.
Tuberculosis,
Heart Lesions,
Enteritic conditions, etc....... Abortion,
**
**
*
A case of Plague Meningitis was found last year. The dura was intensely congested and on section dripped with blood. The pia mater and grey matter were very hyperamic and small hemorrhage had occurred. The convolutions were flattened the hemispheres ædematous, and the ventricles were distended with blood coloured serous fluid. Plague bacilli were abundant in the ventricles and on the surface of the cerebral hemispheres. This case occurred in a female child aged about 10.
Two cases of what might be called Plague Apoplexy came under my notice. Both occurred in adult males suffering from septicemic plague. Hæmorrhage into the internal capsule was found in both cases.
In regard to the presence of other micro-organisms in plague, which are actively producing lesions, those which I have most frequently found are:----
(1.) Streptococcus pyogenes producing intense streptococcic septicemia. (2.) Streptococcus lanceolatus-frequently producing pneumonia. (3.) Staphylococcus pyogenes.-This organism is almost always present
in buboes. It is rarely found in the blood stream.
(4.) The bacterium coli commune occasionally found.
Amongst the extemely rare pathological complications which I have found in plague corpses are :—
Gangrene of the lung.
Gangrene of the tonsil.
Fracture of the skull, both the result injury.
Rupture of the spleen, f
WILLIAM HUNTER.
Buboes and their Significance.
The occurrence of swellings in certain regions of the body is one of the commonest accompaniments of plague. The term "bubo" has been used so fre- quently and loosely in connection with plague that the disease has generally be- come known, amongst the laity at least, as "Bubonic Plague.
Bubonic Plague." Why such an adjective should be constantly prefixed to the actual name of the disease is not clear and most certainly not based upon accurate scientific information.
The