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petechiae. The general appearance of the gut was congested, in several instances subserous hæmorrhages were found along the mesenteric vessels. The bowel was usually empty.
Gastro Intestinal Tract.--The mucous membrane of the tongue was occa- sionally congested. The buccal mucous membrane was in a similar condition In no case was there any abrasion, erosion or ulcerations of the buccal or lingual mucous membrane. The pharynx and cesophagus were always found normal.
The first three stomachs were constantly normal.
It may be interesting to note that in several cases Amphistoma Conicum was found in the rumen and reticulum. These parasites were sometimes found in so large numbers as to completely cover the mucous membrane over particular areas. It appears to have no causal relationship to the disease, since it is frequently met with in the abattoir in perfectly healthy cattle. The food in the omasum was always in a perfectly normal condition, and not dry, caked and powdery as in many diarrheic conditions of the gastro-intestinal tract. The abomasum was normal in three cases only. In all other cases this organ presented what might almost be termed a characteristic appearance, and was the seat of one of the most pronounced patho- logical lesions met with in this disease, Congestion, inflammation, submucous hæmorrhages, necrosis and ulceration were of common occurrence. Congestion and inflammation frequently extended thoughout the entire organ. At times these changes were confined to the anterior or posterior portions of the viscus, the central portion being normal. Submucous hæmorrhages, variable in size, shape and extent constituted a marked feature of the pathological condition of the organ in this disease. The occurrence of necrosis and ulceration is variable in degree. In some instances it is extremely widespread, extending over the entire mucous surface of the stomach. In other cases, the process is more or less confined, like the congestion and inflammation, to the anterior, middle, or posterior divisions of the organ. As already incidentally mentioned, in three fatal cases the stomach was normal. In other fatal cases congestion, inflammation and hæmorrhages may be practically the only changes observable, ulceration and necrosis being in abeyance, In such cases the presence of nodular lymphoid-like masses, ranging in size from a pea to a bean, irregular in outline, and encircled by a zone of intense hyperemia which at times is in addition distinctly hæmorrhagic is frequently found. These masses project slightly beyond the level of the surrounding mucous membrane. They are variable in consistence, those which appeared to be of more recent origin were firm, while others, probably more advanced, were soft, pulpy, and readily broken when handled. The latter frequently showed a slight apical depression in which could be seen the commencement of ulceration.
In those cases where extensive necrosis and ulceration were most in evidence, the necrotic areas presented the following appearance. The dead mucous membrane was of variable extent, from quarter of an inch to one inch in diameter, of very irregular outline, of whitish colour and was easily detachable from the subjacent tissues, leaving a flat, ragged edged ulcer, the floor of which was very granular with intergranular collections of pyoid-looking material,
In some cases the ulcers presented a distinctly punched out like appearance, their floors being necrotic. In one case the ulcers had extended deeply into the muscular wall.
In no case hal perforation taken place.
The duodenum may be found normal. The pathological changes in this gut are less frequently of such an extent or gravity as in the abomasum. They how- ever partake of the same character. Congestion is of common occurrence; inflam- mation, general or patchy, is not infrequent; and ulceration and necrosis have been found. The lesions found in this gut were usually most pronounced towards its junction with the abomasum.
The
The small intestine usually presents an appearance somewhat similar to that found in the duodenum. In the majority of cases, however, the lesions are deve- loped to a lesser degree, the occurrence of ulceration and necrosis being rare. Peyer's Patches were frequently ulcerated. In other cases no ulceration had occurred but they were enlarged and softened. Others were normal. The bowel was usually all but empty. Such contents as were present, were of a