336
Appendix No. 2.
TABLE OF KINDS AND QUANTITIES OF TREES PLANTED.
Bischoffia javanica,
Bermuda Juniper (Juniperus bermudiana),...................................
Bamboos......
Candle-berry-nut Trees (Aleurites triloba),
282
28
40
80
Cryptomeria japonica,
40
Cork-oak (Quercus),
22
Camphor Trees (Cinnamomom camphora), Divi Divi (Cæsalpinia coriarea),
4,580
52
Pine Trees (Pinus sinensis),
Litsæa sp.,
Moreton Bay Pine (Araucaria Cunninghamii), Pride of India (Melia Azederach),
Privet (Ligustrum sinensis),...
Rose-apple Trees (Jambosa vulgaris),
86
30
1,070
300
.293.039
262
299,911
Appendix No. 3.
CHARLES FORD, Superintendent,
Botanical & Afforestation Department.
EXTRACT FROM THE INFLUENCE OF PLANTS" BY DR. MAX
VON PETTENKOFER.
"I consider the impression which plants and plantations make upon our minds and senses to be of hygienic value; further, their influence upon the conformation of the soil with which health is in many respects connected; and finally, their influence upon other qualities of the air, than carbonic acid, oxygen, and ozone: among these may be mentioned in passing, shade in summer, and decrease of wind and dust."
?
"It is an old observation, needing no demonstration, that the cheerful and happy man lives not only an easier, but on the average, a more healthy life than the depressed and morose man. Medical men, and especially mad doctors' could tell us much of the great value of a certain relative proportion of pleasureable and painful impressions upon health, and how frequently some unfortunate position, an absence of pleasure, or too much of painful impression" is the cause of serious illness....
"I consider flowers in a room for all to whom they give pleasure, to be one of the enjoyments of life, like condiments in food. It is certainly one of the most harmless and refined. We cannot livė on pleasure alone: but, to those who have something to put up with-in life, their beloved flowers per- form good service.”
"The same may be said of private gardens and public grounds, and of the artistic perfecting of them. The more tastefully laid out, the better the effect. Though tastes differ there is a general standard of taste which lasts for several generations though it varies from time to time, and is subject to fashion. As their object is to give pleasure, public grounds should accord with the taste of the age, or aim at cultivating it. This is a justification for going to some expense for aesthetic ends."
"Modern hygiene has observed that certain variations in the moisture of the soil have a great influence on the origin and spread of certain epidemic diseases, as for instance cholera and typhoid fever-that these diseases do not become epidemic when the moisture in the soil is not above or below a certain level, and has remained so for a time. These variations can be measured with greater accuracy by the ground-water of the soil than by the rain-fall, because in the latter case we have to determine how much water penetrates the ground, how much runs off the surface, and how much evaporates at The amount of moisture in the soil of a forest is subject to considerably less variation than that outside. EBERMAYER has deduced the following result from his meteorological observations on forestry: 'If from the soil of an open space 100 parts of water evaporate, then from the soil of a forest free from underwood 38 parts would evaporate, and from a soil covered with underwood only 15 parts would evaporate. This simple fact explains clearly why the cutting down of wood over tracts of country is always followed by the drying up of wells and springs."
once.
"In India, the home of cholera, much importance has been attached in recent times to plantations as preventitives of it, it has been always observed that the villages in wooded districts suffer less than those in treeless plains. Many instances of this are given in the reports of Dr. BRYDEN, President of the Statistical Office in Calcutta, and Dr. MURRAY, Inspector of Hospitals. For instance BRYDEN compares the district of the Mahanadda, one of the Northern tributaries of the Ganges, the almost tree- less district of Rajpoor, with the forest district of Sambalpoor. It is stated that in the villages in the