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EDUCATION
appreciation and physical education to group study of photography, Chinese boxing and dramatics. Civics talks are well attended and always arouse enthusiastic discussion.
The Department of Extra-Mural Studies of the University of Hong Kong provides about 200 courses for students. Some of the courses are conducted in Cantonese and Mandarin, though the majority are in English. Subjects vary from Oriental Studies and a full range of liberal arts and language topics to economics, law and commercial subjects and include a rapidly growing section of vocational and professional courses leading to a number of qualifica- tions including the LLB of London University.
TEACHERS AND TEACHER TRAINING
In March there were 24,329 full-time and part-time teachers employed in registered day schools, of whom 6,685 were university graduates and 10,425 trained non-graduates. Another 4,588 teachers were engaged in tutorial, evening and special afternoon classes, and 100 were in special schools. At the end of the 1963-4 school year the ratio of pupils to teachers in all types of schools was 28:1. School classes are planned to have a maximum of 45 pupils in primary classes and 40 in secondary classes. Registered teachers must have a university degree, a certificate in a special subject, or a teaching certificate.
Most teacher training is carried out by the Education Depart- ment's three colleges, Northcote Training College, Grantham Training College and Sir Robert Black Training College. All three provide in the first place a full-time one year course for students from secondary schools who may obtain a primary teacher's cer- tificate after two years of satisfactory teaching. Instruction in these courses is in Chinese. Grantham College has now started, for a limited number of trainees, a two-year Chinese course and at Northcote College there is a two-year course in which instruction in subjects other than Chinese language is given in English. A special one-year course for diploma holders from the colleges which now form the Chinese University is designed mainly for training teachers for Chinese middle schools. These courses qualify teachers for upper primary and lower secondary classes. The two- year course is recognized in Britain for employment under the Burnham Salary Scale.