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INDUSTRY AND TRADE
survey of Hong Kong industry and to recommend lines of develop- ment in the best economic interests of the community. The report, presented in March 1962, is being studied with interest by local industrial and commercial organizations.
An important role of the Federation lies in co-ordinating action by local industry. Activities of this nature during the year included the formation of a freight joint committee to negotiate freight rates with the Shipping Conferences. Beginning in May this year the Federation issued Certificates of Hong Kong Origin to non-mem- bers; previously this service had been confined to members. An inspectorate has been recruited and trained to ensure that the certificates issued are acceptable by international standards. A samples and specifications registry has also been established. The registry seals and retains shipment samples for comparison in the event of a trade dispute, and this has advantages for both manu- facturers and buyers.
The Chinese Manufacturers' Association, established in 1934, has over 1,600 members. They own factories of all sizes in most branches of the Colony's industry, and are mainly Cantonese. The association holds an annual exhibition of Hong Kong products. In addition to those mentioned above, there are a number of other associations whose membership is confined to particular industries.
Training for managers and supervisors. The expansion of Hong Kong industry has tended to create organizations quite different from the traditional pattern of a small family business, and this has produced a corresponding, need to develop managerial skills at all levels. To meet this need in the upper levels of management the Hong Kong Management Association, which was formed in 1960 under the sponsorship of the Federation of Hong Kong Industries, provides training courses in management studies developed to suit the particular circumstances of Hong Kong. The courses cover general, office, personnel, financial, production and marketing management; they employ such methods of instruction as lecture-discussions, forums and case studies. During the year the association, which is a member of Comité International de l'Organization Scientifique (CIOS) and the Indo-Pacific Council of the Comité International de l'Organization Scientifique (IPCCIOS), invited experts from the Harvard Post-Graduate