a practical victory over the sad truth that the devil always has something for idle hands to do."
However, we did not intend to preach on this trite topic, for we have long ago wearied both pen and thought in the endeavor to show that the best civilizer of the people is industry, based upon the elf-interest of the individual, whether foreigner or alive, and we shall stop here by extracting from a late California Star a description of the town and surrounding country of San Franciscu, which, by ull accounts, is to California what the Bay of Rio Janerio is to Brazil, beautiful in natural scenery and rich in commercial capabilities.
THE FRIEND OF CHINA AND HONGKONG GAZETTE.
The great object which the Free Trader profess. ed to have in view, ia unreservedly acquiered in by the Protectionist, although the latter still double the wisdom of the means taken by Cobden and Sir R. Peel to attain "the greatest benefit to those toho Inbour for their bread." When therefore, we see a party like the Protectionists possessed of more sup porters in the House of Commons, on it in pe culiar principles, than even the Government itself. popularising their views, and making common Cause with the working men, it becomes all who have free trade at heart to be on the qui vive.
There is no policy so dangerous as that of under- valuing our opponent, and the system of sneering at the Protectionists has already been carried (no far,
"Yerba Buena, the name of our town, which means WOOD HERE, is situated on the south west side of the principal area of San Francisco Bay, about five ales from the ocean, on a narrow neck of land, varging from four to ten miles in width. The parrowest place being sixteen miles south west of,
It is in latitude 37 45 north. This nar- gow slip of land is about sixty miles in length, ex- sending from the point formed by the bay and the ocean to the valley of San Jose. The site of ths town is handsome and commanding-being an in-cies they represent. clined plain of about a raile in extent from the water's edge to the hills in the rear.
the town.
That this is true in reference to the party, we feel quite satisfied, for, though Sir R. Peal was a pathised with in his defection by 112 Conservative Membera of Parliament it is well known that these gentlemen are now what are politically called loose fish," i. e. they have unt remaining one feel. ing, or principle, in common with the constituen-
The preternatural corruption this year la one Two points of land-principal article of food was found not to have one on each side-extending into the bay, form a
extonded to the others, though for a time the eye crescent or small bay in the shape of 3 crescent in of suspicion undervalued them all, so the unex front, which bears the naine of the town These
plained defection of the principal Conservatives has led to the discovery that all the rest are good men
true.
points afford a fine view of the surrounding country, the snow-capped mountains in the distance the green vallies beneath them-the beautiful, smooth and unruffed bay in front and on either side, at once burst upon the eye. There is in front of the town a small island, rising high above the surface of the bay, about two miles long and one wide, which is covered the greater partof the year with the most exuberant berbage of untrodden freshness. This little island is shout three miles from the shore, Between it and the town is the principal anchorage, Here the vessels of all nations rest in safety and peace, and their Bags are displayed by the aromatk breeze. Two hundred yards from the shore, there is twenty-four feet water, and a short distance beyond that, as many fathoms. The beach imme. diately in front of the now business part of the town, is shelving, but it will no doubt in a short time be filled up and become the most valuable part of the me ne most va place.
of
"
And we hold it to be no leas dangerous than senseless to sneer at the Protectionist's commercial views, merely because every body knows that Lord Stanley's Church-Toryian puts his getting the reins out of the question in the meantime.
It will soon become palpable that there are not really two Working Constitutional Parties in the State, and that the Whigs have a Monopoly of Power; for it will be self-evident that the existence of Church questions prevents the possibility of our joining the Protectionists or trusting them with power, though on all other subjects they might come to be a better representation of public opinion than the Whigs.
The discussion of the great and vital question of labour will thus have no chance of fair play, and the greatest distress and misery will be the inevita. ble consequence, if we could suppose it possible that the working classes would remain quiet and permit the throat of their peculiar interest, the Question of Labour, thus to be cat. As reasona bly might we expect the public to tolerate the cul. pable leaving of impediments in the way of an express Railway train, to scatter certain death and destruction all around.
The climate here is, in the winter, which is the rainy season, danip and chilly. During the balance of the year it is dry, but chilly, in consequence the continual strong winds from the north and north west. There is but little variation in the atmos. the rear-the thermometer rang phere throughout the year ing from fifty-five to seventy degrees Fahrenheit
Yerba Buena is one of the most healthy places on the whole coast of the Pacific. Sickness of any kind is rarely known among us. The salubrity of the climate beauty of the site of the town-its contiguity to the mouth of the bay the finest har bor on the whole coast in front-the rich and beauti-party-political capital, that we earnestly desire the ful country around it all conspire to render it one of the best commercial points in the world
The town is new, having been laid off in 1839 by Captain Juha Vioget and notwithstanding all the troubles in the country, bas gradually increased in size and importance I now contains a population of about five hundred permanent citizens. Two years ago there were but two hundred
So certainly, therefore, would we calculate on the Irish Church Question being speedily despatched, or the Whigs blamed for retaining it as a source o present Ministry to secure their tenure of office by strengthening themselves on the question of labour instead of leaning on the political weakness of their opponents, arising from most of the Protectionists being Church-Tories.
And we now proceed to show by what means or measures the Protectionists will probably charac terise themselves.
They will advocate the Ten Hours Bill, and offer in secure a free gift of land a the Colonies to every tan who can transport himself thither. Chey will sustain the Navigation Laws, and encourage British
Traders to reciprocate with which country has been inonstrous conduct.)
But the act will provide that any nation may al any time came into the Free Trade League by agreeing to trade with England and her Colonice on it reciprocal duty of 10 per cent on the value, in the country into which it it imported, on every
That this plan would find more employment and scape for British labour there can be little doubt. bat, in order to give it a fair start, the Protectionists might be driven, contrary to their declared inten. tions to continge Peel's Property and Income Tax for a few years
We would have Free Trade with the Colonies, and between the different Colonies in every article, it being stipulated with each colony that all the public lands revert to the Crown, and are hereafter to be viewed the birthright of any British subject who chooses to go and live on them.
In this way, an enormous and incessantly in- creasing outlet for manufactures would spring op jathe Colonies, for, to take one instance, the West Indies would be supplied with provisions and bread stuffs from British North America, and these would be paid for in British labour sent to Canada to clothe the increasing population thus employed, instead of being paid for, as at present, in British gold sent from West Indies to the United States.
In the meantime, all foreign countries who do nol join the British League would be charged- 20al on timber (the freight from Quebec being 40%.
against 20s. from Memel)
1-48, on sugar, and 21a, on slave grown, 15s. on spirits (there being no duty on British.)
The present Corn Law being perpetuated as it stands, except that there will be no duty when the price is over 545.
All other articles now in the Tariff to remain as at present.
And all articles not in the Tariff to psy 10 per want on the value in this country.
We feel satisfied that the Protectionists have their plans much more natural than people generally suppose, and that we have now given a good birdi. eye view at least, of the objects desired to be at. tained by them.
That a policy so generous and enlarged will be all carried out or eren attempted, at once, so as to
secure its success, is a thing which we scarcely expert, for in all parties there will always be found small men fearful and unbelieving," whose minds lead them to attempt only little matters, success in which is little housur, and failure is disgraceful- instead of aspiring at worthy objects in which, even in failure, you are associated with greatness and with what, in your own mind at least, is goodness.
Into the foregoing we bare purposely throwo something of the whole hog." our chief object being to ascite the attention of the Whigs to the possibility of mother party starting op on very po- pular principles, while we are desirous to make it apparent that our "authority "amounts to no morg than that of "events casting their shadows before. *
We are sure it may at least be said of cur state- ment, that it is one which Sir R. Peel is much anore likely to support, than, at the opening of the last Parliament, be was to support the measures be carried.
Reffection on the almost insuperable difficulties attendant on the introduction of Free Trade even with our Colonies (the only countries in the world which are able and willing to free trade with us), roust have the effect of showing up the humbug that
of Free Trade with all the world.
Three miles south is the mission Dolores, on Mission creek, surrounded by a small valley of rich and beautiful land. The water from this creek can easily be brought by means of aqueducts to any point to supply vessels. For the supply
of the citizens the best of well water ned in every part of the Fisheries on our coast as well as in other parts of the has barn spoken on the subject of the practicability town, by boring the d
distance of forty feet.
In going south from Yerba Buena, the traveller passes over this marrow neck of land; a most delight ful region, interspersed with hilla vallins and moun
e
-the vallies rich and beautful the hills covered with tall pines, red wood and cedar, that have with soud the tempests and whirlwinds of a century, and the mountains rising in majestio grandeur to the clouds. In passing out the yaley of San Jose open to the view in all the loveliness of the climate of Italy and beauty of the tropics. This valley about sixty miles in length and ten in width. The Pushlo, which means an incorporated town, is the principal place of business for the valley, and is about five miles from Santa Clara, the landing on the bay, or, as it is termend here, the embarcadara." Passing on from here north east, the traveller in a few hours ride, reaches the straits which separate the Suisun bay, formed by the confluence of the Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers, from that of San Pablo. Here it seema that the accumulated waters of a thousand years had suddenly rent the opposing mountain ascoder, and flowed with tre- mendous force to the great bosom of the deep,
On the north side of the bay from the straits to Bonsilito, is one of the finest districts of country in all upper California
Next to Yerba Buena, Sonsilito is the best point on the whole bay for a commercial town. It is seven miles a little east of north from this place, on the opposite side of the bay, and has long been a watering point for vessels.
An attempt has recently been made to lay off and build up a town at the straits to suppersede the two last mentioned places. It will no doubt, however, be an entire failure.
San Francisco Bay being the safest and most commodious harbor on the entire coast of the Pacific, some point on it must be the great mort of the western world. We believe Yerba Buena is the point, commanding as it does now all the trade of ibe arrounding country, and there being already a large amount of capital concentrated here. The town of Yerba Buena is called in some of the old maps of the country San Francisco. It i Bot known by that name here, however
The town lakes its name from u berb to be found all around it which is asid to make good tos, and possessing excellent medicinal qualities, it
is called Good Herb or Tesha Buena — Ibid,
world. And, on the more immediate question of Protection, they will take the high and undoubt edly strong and popular ground, that all they want is that stare of things which will give most em. ployment to the manufacturing population, the far- mer being quite satisfied that, if the weaver be prosperous, so must the agriculturist (always how- ever, bearing in mind how much the weaver's prosperity depends upon the land of Great Britain and Ireland). The Protectionists will not here- after busy themselves to oppose Free Trade as a theory, but will endeavour to show that it is not free trade that we have gat. They will declare chat, far from holding objection to real bara fide Free Trade, they cannot suppose any English an in his senses objecting to it, seeing that, ander bon
de Free Trade England, as being possessed not only of moss capital but most industry, must have the advantage over all the nations of the earth.
But to extend the benefits, and, if possible, the name of England to the farthest frontiers of our C. lonies, is no mean object, thus enabling foreigners to feel that, in the remotest corner of the earth they can find English manufactures as untaxed as in England.
That the Protectionist can come into power noWD stems quite out of the question.
The thorough reformation of the Irish Eclesias. tical nuisance must be a prelude to our trusting a class of men who, though distinguished for their personal honor, are equally distinguished for their Church-Tory.
The Church will no longer be permitted to rule this country in the name of the Goverment.
The Refor nation of the Trish Church is impera- tively called for as a prelude to the unprejudice discussion of the question of labour or of the full The Protectionists will argue that our being able employment of the country's industry, the great to show Adam Smith's theories to be correct, sup-interest which now muss alone be legislated for, as posing all the nations of the earth agresing together to Free Trade, or supposing all the world under one Government, is just showing his theories to be most inapplicable and impracticable in the actual circumstances of the world.
The nearest approach to Free Trade the Pro- tectionists think that can exist, without a gross sacrifice either of the one nation or of the other, is one and a trade in which each nation shell charge the same customs duty, (say of 10 per overy artiole imported. They say that on
coun-
rous treatment on our part of a populat vidually so warm-hearted. Indeed we
is every reason, from the charac men abroad to believe that, if in them with all the privileges of Bra they will be prepared and forward to perfor their duties wi
In such case, how soon the torne would chass Ireland becoming an outlet for British manicur ing labour such as no foreign country can present, and in everything the ornament and boast of the empire, instead of, as at present, its cause of shame
REGULATIONS FOR THE TRADE AND HARBOUR OF MACASSAR. (From the Jim Conrad, 121 May 1827.)
boned to show their colors
Art. 1. Veisels entering or leaning these roada sre
For square-rigged vessels the Dutch Flag, is return, will be hosted on sore.
The Harbour muter wit send the following report in blank to the ressels, to be filled up by the master.
The mastre of the veel aerived is requested to fill in answers to the following q
The Harber macht.
The nation to which the ship belongs Her asoc
The name of the commander y Number of the crew? How many gunst
From where arrived! The date of departure
The ports touched at during the moynge i Where bawod?
Specification of eargo 1
Names of the passengers, their cometry, profession, age,
god lest abode 1. 1
If any dangerous disease on board?
Il any important pews 7
Macassar.
The Master of the Vench
Art. 2 The master of the vessel or other pemon la charge is to deliver is, within 24 hours after his arrival, personally or through bu sreat, at the Harboss-master's office, the passport and other papers bebonging to the resti, video documents with remain with the said Harbour winster antil the vessel's departare Al mais, packets, letters, So, are to be delivered to the Harbour water komedi. stely on the vessel's unira.
Seames permitted to land from merchant ships or ves- sela, on liberty, are to be farmished with ticked of leave from the master se parson la change of the Fessel là which sach seames may belong, but this regulation is not 15 be comidered applicable to men who may come can sure, for a short time, on date or business.
Art. 3 The muster attendant is enthied as oflea si be deems it expedient, vo go so board may ressel lying in the ronde, and to muster, her crom. This regulatica i espe. clally applicatie to country ships med native craft, in the erent of being suspected of act of piracy or wedding with slave trade, and the said Harbour-anster well ben
Of extend his search, as far as he way thick proper iraportan circumstances be will give information to the Governor.
Art Repeating the Governmza potication pab- lished in the Steenblad of 1848, No. 21, the Mighty of the read have been fixed upce to be us foesowy b
To the north from the sandy busk te front of Beck, in a straight direction as far as the count jasd in the south ward, from the southern point of the sandy bank caled "Groote Led" bearing a sea mark) in a straight direction to the eastward as far as the coast
Art. 5. Vessels are to take their berth wilkia the Hismit
the road as before describat, sad geserally to follow sach directions as the Harbour-mester may deem expedbest, Art. 6. Vessels loaded with genpowder or ammus rajone. are to anchor to the eastward of and close to the sandy bank called the ↳ Groote Lely," and not to prespect far. ther not the said grupowder has been transported to the Government stores selected for that purpose
The master or other person in charge of such resséli to give a declarating of the genponder and stseeni šiat. he has on board to the Harbor Banter, within 24 hour. after his arrival. In case of breach of this rein, the pag- powder sec, wil be coofscated, and the captila farther Bahle for any accident which may arise from his neglect
The master of the vessel being desirous to bring the gunpowder at wwwcnition to the Government store, a pet will be given to bas of his arest, free of expense, The suld articles väl be kept of bis disposal in any queacity. Government, however, will por be responsable for the risk of transport, or to the magazines.
Permits for the delivery of cuspender and achesarition from the Government. Master, will be obtainable (gratis) at the barbor master chce, daily (Sundays and Holidays excepted from o'clock in the morning tih > s'clock in the afternoon.
The store-kreye will also be on duty from & in the morning til 2 in the afternoon at the sail magadres, for the reception of the sticles as above mentioned.
Any sach guepowder or ammunition, however, is not to be imported within the Site of the towe, without special permission of the Governor, but with necessary precta- tion, it may be exported beyond the lists of the madr, provided the boat or ressel, on which it has bees loaded, does not pass through the space in the roads, alloted to merchant vessels not having the sand articles sa beard.
Vessels preferring to keep theke responder, &c., ØÐ board, and to anchor cisse to The Lely Bank are river- theless to fallow such directions as the Geri from time to time deem expedientka Art 7. Masters or other perkara in cha boats, &c., are warned not ra throw over for other ballast, onder a fee of 719 (two tons) on the stee of their vessel per It is likewise forbidden to take sand f
seen to involve the stability of all that we hold sacred-the happiness of the people, the Crawn, and the national credit; but it is also required as a prelude to the necessary social ameliorations to Ireland, the condition of which country is a disgraced Groot ea jure Lely→ Beel Go to the empire.
The other Established Churches may be defend. ed as matters of circumstance, but the Irish one, as now constituted, cannot
Some good men within it have been able to do a little good, in re of the abominable system of which they are a part. But let us compare this with the good that might have been done in Ireland, And shudder when we think of the hear burnings and animosities which their exclusive system hes ending in the alert butcheres, created;
law Christians. by Christ
try sends to another country twenty millions of its antional labour (as the United States do to Eng land), and takes from that country (on the United States do from England) only seven millions of that country's labour, the Thirteen Millious of foreign labour ought to be taxed to the country into which it is imported, to prevent the home lubow being actually on a use focking than it, | babi oren if the tax were not required for revenue.
the
The Protectionists in fact, seem not to abject to put the foreigner on the same footing at the ilome For Coloni
or producer, provided be takes pa
dent in British labour, and this Mely being They think thist the bett mesas of securing the workers greatest freedom of
best and most
MR ISANG BUCHANAN'S BATEMENT ment, in to OF THE POSITION OF THE TROTEC to open TIONIST PARTY AT THE OPENING
OF PARLAMENT
The most important; & fect
peared of Fe Trade (20 cu
brought out the Proteclipsit Beaders and the prem
the
Trish Church vili pro-
from the banks situated to the mastward a fine of from 25 20/100, at the discretion
Art B. The art-master is bound to Fears to recover the anchors whi reads, the owner te event of reco ses incurred 2 strage of ose third of
Art. 9. Anches, TAKE may nat baring bee advertised three Esses in the will be sold by public sector the the bare beca of a year.
Bour-master,