of China.
erober, 1848.
Tis of the 5th
Her Majew
blicly But
every
e of the Bgistrale, and rest until he has
THE FRIEND OF CHINA AND HONGKONG GAZETTE.
Some of these sociclies are of al
opposed the Tartar dyosely opposed to all government
driendly and social institĪZIONE,
by which the being a member? ciation was
declared racis members of 8uch associations the face and banished the Co
might have been anticipated
on.
C
The Chief Magistrate is an Anglo Indian; a Soldier since he was strong enough to carry a drum guant of all law except martial law; a man who boldly asserts that as flogging and brand ing are punishments inflicted upon Soldiers, so ugh them to be inflicted upon Civilians. Upon these preoiples has he acted as a Magarate for the court will pell ve grears, and the recor femidiated by the prove that for the most trivial off ces men are sen- We do not think we exaggerate thorities on England, thog
Bs since beep fenced to the loch. passed and approved of in a very modified form. ren we say that in this small place, at least one (re puguent to Englijat Suppose that this" branding act had beco sanction mon is publicly scourged every day taking the sprit of English law, but Tuned, that would have been the consequences 7. Sim-average of a whole year, and that an great ma- Undifferent, wh'oli may Bernung
forty of cases the offences commited are quile ure
The awe of the land that paye 1902
important The records of the court are in exis. tence with the remarks of the Governor upon the proceedings, and they are available should an en query be stituted by parlament or by the home
I was in hopes the
another, act which is
imact of impor
from the Portuguese settlement
bearing that made out
that before deeing from astery bĺ bonne artiola of jewel- the lene alter ibe merits of the care
were taken up in Hongkong having committed & robbery in the Por our Glovernor chiginzly intonating to that the Syed mere in custode.
Ungdom July
Ply these; not a respectable native on the island but would have been entirely at the mercy of the Exe cutive, who at any moment could inke lum before en obsequious Magistrate and bare hum branded on the face and landed on the Chinese mide of the har bour to be dealt with by the Mandarins who have orders to destroy the members of mich vecret socio- lies.
It is unnecessary for us to follow Sir John Davis in his legislative career as directed against personal liberty; the two ordinances to which we catum. Mr Editor I will have referred show his qualifications for the office The bolts, and though they have bath been modified, procedare it is 80 Fxdra-
enough remains to afford a sanguinary police Ma- gistrate an apology for flogging 84 innocent men in one day.
pend to every thing that i
E man who would sanction t
Bush colony ToursTA
AN ENGLISHMAN.
CHEUR
Sept. 7
Bur
Madra
Верт 10 Sept 35
LATEST DATES. Aug,
Sydney Batavin Singapore Manila
Aug. } Spet. 30 Oct. 7 Sept, 6 Shanghai Oct. 3 Amos
Oct. 15.
THE FRIEND OF UIN A
AND HONGKONG GAZETTE.
VICTORIA SATURDAY OCTOBER 18TH, 1815.
NOTHIE UNION CHAREL will be opus for Public Won Ship 11 O'clock A, and at halfpas: 5 O'clock P. M., during tac winter monina, beginning with the 1st Novom- ber 1810-
Victore, 19th October 1816.
We beg to direct the attention of cur anders to a lower from Air Mɛɛgregor, to be found in our publication of to-day, addressed to Mr A Campbell, the Chairman of the protectiwa Commmit--which completes the respondance so far sa digose, in particular reference to the Circular," of the 191, c
the
rer
1
From Encroachments upon the personal liberty of the subject, we turn to His Excelleney's commer. cial legislation. Sir Fleary Pottinger took upor himself the responsibility of logalising the opium trade in the new colony of Hongkong, an act which was approved of by the British goverament. His Excellency saw the benefits which this measure would effer, and as in his treaty with China he came under no obligations with reference to the traf- fic in opium, it was reasonable to suppose that in a port whers it was legalised and unrestricted it would flourish. Nor was Sir Henry Pettinger wrong in his calculation; not only was there a considerable traffic in the drug, but, as a matter of course, article of British manufacture were purchased by the tra ders who visited the port. Bad Sir John Davis per- mitted this trade to grow as it naturally would have done, a few years would have seen is established, and a large number of thinese Merchants settled on the Island His Excellency could not appreciate the policy of his predecessor, anil for the sake of a wiffe of rerrane he must needs lay burdens opon n trade just fornitur; under these burdens in sunk, and it is feared that it may take yours of good mange- ment to place the colony in the same state it was in when Sir Henry Pottinger took his departure in July 1844, Sali. Betel and Pawn, with Oplam were the chief articles of our incipient commerce. and they have all been furned out to Menopolists by the goveTIMEDI As being the grand staple we refer more particularly to opium.
An advertisement in the public prints, intimated that the privilege of setting opium in less quantities than one Chest would be sold by auction at the office of the Chief Magisime of police On the day of sale there was a considerable attendance of Chinese
and a few Europeans. A Chinaman better known that respected and in this transaction believed to be in partnership with the Chief Magistrate's compra. dore, and o European Stopkeeper were the parties most eager for the purchase fter one competi
We observe that the Under Secretary for the Co- lonies is about to bring a bill before parliament for establishing a better form of government in New Zealand. Now Zealoud and Hongkong airke of ford ovalence of Lord Stanley's fitness for the office he held under the Peel adrustration. In both colonies the well known constitutional laws of England and the rights and privileges of English men, were set at defiance by the representatives of the Crown Both colonies have been brought to of ruin through the ignorance, und vanity of the Fulers, who in these distant possessions ap- pear to think that an absolute despotism is necessary to give dignity to the power that has been delegated to them, and that Colonists are not entled to the im munities of British subjects.That such are the opinions of Sir John Davis is proved by every act of bis public life since be arrived in China. He has aliks sa dakle the principles.by which men are guidtion the monopoly was sold to the European. That ed in private life, and the noblest parts of our con
the entire privilege of selling opium in less anti- Litutional law, The first act which brought hire des than one chest was thus sold there is ng the prominently before the public observation as well as shadow of a doubt the Honorable Air Bruce de his last, prove the truth of our proposition. We
clared that such was the intention of Government-- allude to his breach of an arbitration proposed by
the public advertisement read so-but be making ou himself and his illegal seizure and surrender of two
the bill of sale the words "all for consumipon** refugees at the request of the Governor of a foreign.
were anade use of and mark the consequence settlement
Acqui and his friends, who appear to have been ad- The grievances of New Zealand have been laid.
vised by some long headed Europeals, immediately before parliament, and redress will be obtained, opened shops for the retail of the drag. Hongkong has been less fortunate, staply because holder of the monopoly raed them before the Chief the inhabitants have ailently submitted to a series of Magistrate when the austure Chinese asserted that measures which have ruined their property and desthey retailed the drug for exportation, and the Magis troyed their commerce. We are in hopes however that the day is not far distant that will witness a com- plete change in the local government. Various cir- cumstances must impress upon the heads of the co- lonial office the propriety of encouraging a colony: which from its strong insular position near Canton (the grand centre of Chinese traffic) promises in the evont of any serious disturbances to be the chiefset of foreign commerce with the celestial empire, and offers at all times.refuge to Euripeans in the riot improbable event of their being drive from the pro- vincial cityga
The
trate decided that they were entitled to do so. The unfortunate European finds that by this decision his purchase, for which he pays $720 a month, is not worth a straw, and as a favor he bega that the sale sale and falls into the bands of Acqui and friends, be set aside. The monopoly is again offered for There is no loop hole in this bill of sale, and the Magistrates are most anxious to protect the interests of the purchasers,-In addition to the protection of the police, the new holder of the monopoly were permitted to fit out a cruiser with which they board ed every native vessel that entered the harbour, in- The troubles of this colony may nearly all be forming the crew. that they would be subjected to traced to two sources-an abauiate Governor, unheavy penalties if they purchased from Europeans. checked and unaided by a legislative council; and To give an official appearance to this cruiser, a an incompetent and corrupt Magistracy-These are European policeman was usually on board. This the grand causes of the backward state of the colony, system continued for months, the Junkmen gradual
nose departments the work of reform mustly discontinuing their visits to the harbour, fearful commence before there is the alightest chance of in that if they offended Acqui by dealing with Euro- peans they would be when up by the police and flogged for not having registration tickets.
THOMement
govern
Had Sir John Davis been, as he is not. intiaately acquainted with the principles of colonial ment a man of a liberal disposition and anxious to carry out the views of her Majesty's government in ericncroging the trade of the port, then-though even then it would have been extremely dangerous, ho might for a time have been entrusted with the powers of legislation only aided by a council of a vice Ball unfortunately His Excellency has shewn 1st not only is he ignorant of colonial requirements,
Mion:
government,
The Assistant Magistrate has been trained under the eye of his chief. A few years ago he was second mase of a merchant ship. Sir Henry Pot tinger, who appeared to think that any body would do for the bench, was induced to appoint him Assis tant to Major Cama, and since that Gentleroan has been officiating as Colonial Secretary his pupil has held the office of Chief Magistrale, IN SOME IK- STANCES ACTING ACCORDING TO INSTRUCTIONS FE FEIVED FROM THE GOVERNOR.
The limits of this article do not permit us to refer particularly to the numerous cases of injustice, and paralay which are familiar to our local readers. We merely notice two, (one of injustice the other of partiality) with which the public are unacquaint ed. Some months ago the governor observed a poor Chunaman cutting grass in, the vicinity of go vernment house. There is no law which prohibits this, but His Excellency was "offended and ordered that the man be captured, and sent to the police The following morning the Superintendent of Police in making his report to the thief Magis trate mentioned that a man had been committed by the Governor, but that as the prisoner had not broken any law he did not intend prosecuting him. The Magistrate replied very coolly that he would prosecute an, and the poor wretch was tried and fogged. So much for justice.
station.
A member of Government returning from a din ner party much intoxicated was followed by an in- dian policeman, who feared that he would fall from he horse As a recompence for his kindness, when the Geulunan arrived at his house, he dismounted and knocked the policeman down The man com- plained to the Superintrapeut, and that Gentleman requested the Chief Magistrate to summons, Mr
that he might answer for the offence. The Magistrate refused to issue the summons as Mr.
was a member of government Within o week of this occurrence, a drunken Sailor was scatenced to a month's imprisonment for having com- mitted the same offence. So much for impartiality,
of
Were it necessary to produce proof of the i legalty of the surrender of Messrs Pacheco and d'Assis on the application of the Governor of Macag, it would be found in the following ex- tract from the Morning Herald of the 18th August. The case referred to by the Herald is in pola-280 Spanish Soldiers on their voy age to the West Indies rise upon the crew of the vessel and carry her to a Portuguese part Spain demands that the men be delivered up, Portugal refuses, it being contrary to the comi ty of nations, Spain threatens war; and Eng ally in what she considers a just cause, the and shows a lisposition to support her old Herald declaring that had Portugal given up the deserters the ought to have been blotted out of the map of Europe.
A-
of the Portuguese territory insoluble, but it 1, the bounden duly of that sation to defend the night if menaced, arid, :f unable to zasinin her ladeperdi noey to call on er allies. No other nation, accord to Vatel (Book 2d, c. 4), hus a right to judge fu internal conduct of abother power of sever and in reference to these 280 Foldiers Portugal only followed the provisions of bet wh municipal law, sanctioned and confirmed by the lic law of Europe. The Sovereign," Says Var
ought bot do grant an entrance to strangers or p... fugees for the purpose of drawing foreguers s a snare, as soon as he ainits them be copages "to protect them."* It is no doubt gulling to the prute of Spain that she cannot wreak her regrafis on the 288 soldiers and officers; but if Portugal yn c these men rp, or allowed a knir of their heads to to injured, she deserves to be blurted out of the mup of Europe.
"As to the Spanish refugees invading their esa country from the side of Portugal, the iden is pue posterous; Brai, because they are but a handal of men, even though their motions were free; and coudly, because it is impresible for anem shut up to the fortresses of Peniche and Cascacs to lay waste the soil of their own complry. It is very possible that frequent desertions may take place from the Spanish frontier (for the Spanish quints, or cos. seription, is very odious), and that the deserters may find a refuge in the soil of Portugal; but surely 30,000 soldiers are not necessary to put a stop to this system. No, this false pretence most be at oure scouted, and the 30,000 men marched back again from the Portuguese frontier. Humiliated and beard- ed by factions at home, the mongrel Spanish M istry may wish to vapour, and fume, and fret a little, at the expense of Portugal, but that they conceive the idea of overbearing or overawing that country we cannot believe. Every Spaniard from the ligh est to the lowest, no doubt, thinks that God fin made the Castilian, and then the Portuguese to wind upon hirat but this is a feeling not shared by E- rope; and England will never see her oldest and best ally deprived of one hair's breadth of her wor ritory, or one atom of her freedom and indepen dence. There was a line, indeed, when Spain was mistress of Portugal and all her colonies, but that day is gone never in reture, and since then the whole face of Egrope has been changed
The very weakness of Portugal will be her wespon with England. It is not solely because of the millious' worth of woollens we export that we cling to her, for though we are not insensible to the value of the import and expost trade 1 Portagal, we rale justice, and the obligat as of treaties, and the balance of power in Europe, still higher.
Our correspondent seems to think there is no choice for Portugal But Costa Cabral or Miguel. Esher is a end and wretched alternative. Though we admit our correspondente opportunities of form
ing a judgment are far better than ours, still we will hope, even against hope itself, and will act despair of the forianes of Lusitania,
e
believe the report of the blowing up of H.M.S. The Bombay Telegraph appears imelined in Gran, and other Indian papers deuy it stoutly, dazed last February The American ship suu! as a letter had been received from, the Captain
met at sea on the 31st of May, beng then mine reported the loss of the Vernon was days from Rio de Janeiro where she heard the mail of 24th August advises had been received news. Previous to the departure of the English frorn the river Plate up to the 7th of June, and as no mention is made of the loss of the Fernm,
the report may be set down as an idle rumour
or a silly hoax.
"Having yesterday been favored with some im portant information, relative to the report received here of the loss of HM S. Vernon, we conceive it nur only once more to refer to the subject, and the more particularly, as the facts now supplied serve somewhat to modify the views which we formly
placed on the report pressed in reference to the value which should be
:"
K
What does Sir Jhon Davis think of this ? "There is no kingdom in Europe which by its topographica situation-by the mildness of its a mirable climate-by the fertility of its sod-by the energetic industry of its inhabitants-und by the memories of the glorious past-ought to enjoy z than Portugal. Yet it seems to be the wahappy des more distinguished place in the European system tiny of that country to be in our day the pray either of revolution, invasion, or civil war, or of the com
The vessel spoken by the Duke of Cormoall was not a Brig of War, as has been affirmed, but a bined hours of the three fellest plognes which cou
merchantship called the Cuba She was met in the land of the orange, the olive, and the myrtle, miles north of the island of "Trinidad, and had been befall a nation or a people, That garden of Europe, with on the 31st May st 8 o'clock 2. m, about 60 seems fated to be torn asunder by the violence of nine days out from Rio de Janeiro. It was dark become the prey of some more powerful, or, we her own sons, and to be in consequence destined to
when she passed and on a boat being sent off to her, the officer who proceeded the duty received cx- neighbour. The letter of our Lisbon cores the Cornwall in consequence, the communication should rather say, less feeble and more scrupulous plicit instructions from his Commander not to go dent, dated the 9th lost, and which we
on board, but do make the best of his way back to yesterday's paper, gives a metalicholy account of of the news was burried the Master of the Ame
published in the position and prospects of a country once among
rican Ship, indeed, baring only time to say that the the foremost of the nation of Europe, and for more
Vernon had been blown up accidentally at the mouth Is it a matter of astonishment that such legisla of successful discovery and colouigation. It appears
than a century and a half distinguished as the land of the River Plate, tion has gradually but surely checked commerce, from his account that 30,000 Spaniards, in four di- driven a large portion of the native population from visions, threaten the Portuguese provinces contigu. the Island, and induced Europeans to follow thejerous to Andalosia, strainadur, Galicia, and Leon, ple? The result was forseen, but His Excel The pler for die mediano demonstration of fency turned a deaf ear to every remonstrance, and though £6,000 a year of land routs have been lost
armed force is, first, that the Portogosse Govern- to government in consequence of buyers forfesting Gonzales Bravo for the delivery of 286 soldiers and ment fused to comply with the demand made by deposits and throwing up their lots, qull he clings to
officers, who, while on their way to Cuba, ower- his monopolies,
and bought her into be Tagus; and the second powered the crew of the transport conveying them, ground is the prevention of desertion of Spanish and the necessity of guarding of SpROJEN remates into the
but what is stil more unfortunate then he is ittiserat narrow minded, and in ne small degree tyrannical Sir John Davis under cay circumstances is got The unchecked legislative acts qualified for the office be holds, bus had he been
is fint controlled by a legislat ment principini members of
number of the intrabitat mitted suo
at have been traicted.
thay haydes a go
BO DESC
曲
question.filewa
une posting of the soldicra nd an equal
against ve com-
efforts
the
allow
wa be los a mombet gb they did
when we consider that the indistinctoess and want The abere are the simple fiicts of the case; and of circumstantiality apparent in the report, have new date received here, via England, from the Rio d been satisfactorily explained, and that the latest
la Plete, comes down no further than the 22nd
taken place it must be confessed the probabilities April, long before the alleged accident must have are grately in favor of the report turning out correct. A person belonging to the Cernolt had a brother fact that he believes implicitly in the accuracy of on board the Fernon, and it is not an unimporta: the melancholy intelligence,
With reference to the article reprinted the other day from the Courier, and our remarks thereon, it only becessary to observe that the letter said to have been reerived from the Captain of the Fern, dated the let of February, cannot effect the tidings brongly by the Corumall one jot-the destruction that of the frigate not being stated to have taken place
Not only is the right
til upwards of three inoolhs
The subsequently. Not having had the dates o of the speaking of the Ame rean chip, end of the last authente elligence from La Plata, before us at the time of transferring our contemnarury's paragraph to var columns, it the not et ike us how very absurd it was to bring Jery and a letter of February in order to throw dis- credit on an occurence affirmed to have happened Some time in Bla
Valid p. 175, Book the 3rd. Duke of Wellington's Duparches, May, 1612