LYEREIN.
THE FRIEND OF CHINA AND HONGKONG GAZETTE.
subaust, the Maine, Frankfort-on-the-Dder, and gipsię, to
be taken out of the Union
LOUME 25 BED used for
with
booked.
ever he sells for ext Treuf, and the purchines sm, the goods to the
ebted when
почве. ake a cer bust take this declaration with Blom boure. If they are C Fnowledged to have been imported, they are pack- ed at the custom-house, where there is very good accomodation for them, posled with lead, and, ac
artcompanied by a certificate sent out of the union, itation. The custom house at the frontier, through which
09
siens. For the last seven years, two m about a tenth part of our coris-eating populeros been fed on foreign grain, and if a bad have perished, or saved itself by an aus me which would have endangered Knows, broad acres.
course, being extended over so much space, soon ered this otherwise; and Prussia's share of the receipts amounts how to more than it did before e union. The people, however, had another ob tectin view, of which the governments did not think they saw that the falling off of these restrictions
We are dependent on foreign nations bew rould cause those of a diferent naturs to fall off more and more, viz, such as those that separated brandy, tea, tabacco, timber, ecttun wool a ps
a manufacture worth sixty milhons a year, sk politically the different German tribes. They coon aw that by the union of so many little German and in a great measure, wool, the jou vel
Fifte provinces they could obtain a political standing of which is not less than thirty millions." sume consequence, which the Vianna congress had of fifty millions of the public revetus are th
articles exclusively foreign. We could neithe The consequence overlooked, or would not see.
fed, clothed, nor housed, not enjoy the ord is, that the German people look upon the uniga sa being much greater in a political point of view luxuries of life, or pay the army and nave wa then in a commercial, without the latter losing dependence on foreigners Has Lord Stanley b The union is thought on such things, after twenty years of pi anything of its value from this fact. The goods pass, attests the exportation, and xendaraufied by public opinion, and for ever indissoluble life, and ten of them spent misspent for pu
na Cabinet Minister? ente ad the certificate back, after which the dealer is credit- In the beginning, the consumers naturally dis
*Because" there is no security that other ba and pered for the weight, only paying a transit duty of half biked the high imposts, à e, in such countries where
will follow the example of free trade - a dollar per curt. After the fair is over, the stocks they had formerly been lower; not so, however, as in the warehouses of those persons who deal in fo- may be supposed, the manufacturers. But the scales possibility of other nations acting in a foot-h reign articles are examined and weighed ; the weight Boon turned; the consumers became accustomed to short-sighted way, on the supposition that to the up one hand, we are called on to play of the stock, together with that of the exported then, the more so in those countries where the to in present state in the goods, are deducted from the weight of the import-
direct taxes bad been reduced in consequence of the also, and to tie up one of our hands too, in de
Bu hen 23,478, 120 inhabitants, ed goods in the debit of their accounts, and the re- greator custom revenue; but the manufacturers, in we may have no advantage over them i
red in 1848 to 28,498,65mainder is supposed to have been sold in the Union, the years 1837-8, were brought to a singular state
nations are not so simple as lord Stanley for his 2,157 Garman square miles, pay and pays the full amount of duty. This plan has oftement, from the appearance of what is call-orgument's cake supposes them. On the Answick, Frankforton-Maine, L been highly approved of at the fairs. Manufacto ed the national system of political economy," by it has been their complaint for the last thir Nashou, Joining to the Union, and ries have increased considerably in number and in Dr List It is almost incredible how people, such
that we have excluded their corn and thei to the regular increase of population
and it has been in retaliation for this very eins extent within the Union since 1834; this is, bow- as had had before the union me protection at all, as evor, not to be attributed to the protective duties, for instance the Saxon manufacturers on the one-
- for our denial to them of free trade, that they b but to the free intercourse of thirty millions of peo side, and on the other, as for instance, the Prus- attempted, contrary to their nature and trun ed
sian ones those who had been for twenty years
tage, to rear manufactures of their own,-to excl. ple, which were formerly divided by thirty different
satisfied with the existing systent, did all break out
ours, and to set themselves up es rivals. duly systems, to the increase of population; and to
"Because" this country will be exposed to the waking energy of the manufacturers. In 1984 the together in loud complaints This excitement was
Did we ever W cotton milis spun 112,353 wt of cotton, but in 1848 increased in 1843 by the publication of the Zoll-
of supply in the event of war. they spun 306,731 cwt, which gives an increase of vereinsblatt (paper of the commercial league). The
wine and brandy when at war with France a The imponation of cotton in 1844
Spain? Did we ever want catton wool and 173 per cent
cotton yarn spinners were particularly the most aimounted to 358,727 cwt, and in 1815 to 412,000 violent. They all at once entirely forgot that, the
bices when at war with America ? Did we on cwt, so that in these two years an increase of cot- Saxon spinnere had arrived at their present state.
wand tea when at war with China? These are, o ton spinning, amourting to 34 per cent, brok place without any protection at all. It soon became ap
and all, the productions of one or two nations, and to 1884 there were 600,000 spindles; this number parent that List had been employed by them, be
narrow localities. Corn, on the contrary, is th had increased in 1837 la 800,000, of which, how- cause he only preached protection on colion yarn.
produce of many nations, and of wide geographic.! ever, owing to the crisis from 1837 to 1839, only Blom on coltons, never on woollen, linen, ar silk
limits. As Lord Stanley is of known pugns.in 200,000 could be employed. For the last three years goods. In every digression, on every occasion, he habits, it may be that be contemplatos a quantal se the 800,000 have been again and fully employed,
the whole world. In such an event, if the wi always reveris in the spinning of cotton yarn. List and this number will, in the course of another year, is not without talent, but without profound know-
world should put as under a rigorous blockade, ali world boy is we shall heartily deserves t receive an increase of 10 to 19 per cent. Notwith-edge he possesses unparalleled assurance, heaps standing two-thirds of the yarn used up within the
fiction Union is foreign made, the cotton weavers used up in 1843, 301,038 owl of foreign and home-made yarn, and in 1843, 028,867 cwt, an increase of 109 per cent. The importation of cotton goods amount ed in 1884 to 12,442 out, in 1844 to only 8,652 cwt a fulling off of 52 per cent. The exports re mained the sarce as before, and were in 1943, 74,752 cwt.
Prússia fincinding Luzamburg]
Wtremberg (including Hohenzollen] 129,706
Badea
Han Game!
Hogue, Darmstadt
Theringen (several dushies]
Brunswick
Frankfurt-on-Malna
Total
$15,967,87 9 4,444,918
1,757,800
3.832,317 710,920 844,655 1914,184 239.744 412,871 65,831
* 15, 198, 625
No new state has joined the Union since 1842 The increase of population within the Union is, when no new stale joins, half a million a year. The population may, therefore, now be taken at 30 mil
The duty system is the same as Prussia had in 1818, in which nothing was prohibited, and a duty of not more than 10 per cent, levied on the value. after which, at that time, the duty was charged on the weight, Since then, however, the prices of most goods have fallen so low that the common ar ticles of several branches cannot be imported any longer, and others pay a duty of 20 and even 100 per cent on their value, arising from the duty being levied on the weight.
Prussia is the leading power of the Union, but cannot undertake anything without the sanction of the other powers. To carry a resolution it is ne cessary that all agree. Deputies of the eleven powers meet every three years to consider and discuss mi- ters principally relating to the tariff, which, after this.
• is good for three years. In extraordinary cases, however, special meetings may be called in the interim.
The duty of the principal articles is--Cotton- yarn, 2 dole (1 dollar equal to 30 silbergroschen;) 101 silbergroschen fegoal to one ahilling sterling) per ewt 50 kilogr; warps 3 dola; cations 50 dols: lenden wares 10 dols; pig iron, old broken iron, 10 silbgr, wrought iron Idol 15 silber; 2.15 sheet iron, mochors, plates, 3.4 dols; hardwares and cutlery 4,50 dola: glass wares 4.15–10 dola; wrought copper 6 cols; copper wares 6.10 dols; linen-yarn 6 silber; linen 11 dols; wine 8 dole; coffee, ginger, pimento, &c. 64 dole; ries 2 dols; len 11 dole; to. bacco in leaves 61 dois, in rolls 11 dola; cigars 15 dols; sugar, refined, 10dola, raw, 6 dola; silk wares 110 dola, mixed, 556 dols; woollen-yarn 15 silbgr; woollens 30 dols; printed worsted 50 dols; zinc and tin wares 10 dola
The clear eceipt of customs amounted in the year 1842 to 12.175,761 dols: 1843, to 22,918,764 dola; 1844, to 23,970,183 dols; 1845, to 24,010,546 dele. The following articles contributed, in per cents, to the amount of import duties:
Bugar
Coffer
Tobacco
Wine
frowano mest
•
In that year was woven Furn Of which was exported
i
There were, therefore, consumed in the Union
of home made cotton goods Of foreign made colton goods.
Tural consumption wherein the home-monde amounts and the imported to 18 per cent portion was as 95 to 5.
Cxt 628-67 ??752
554,105 8,052 161,757 in 984 per cent, In 1844 the pro.
1843. CYL
1814. CwL
The pouucun of wool with
Umon amounted la Imported a oul
858,795
96.37%
448.50% 132,621
Total
Wool expected
410,781 18.251
Such an event is, however, about as likely us Lord Stanley's chance of restoring the sling scale. If there were any trugh in it, it would, after all be only handsome and legitimate mode of biuul- ing us over to keep the peace.
Because" this countey will be subject to an un- limited influx of corn in a time of abundancez lis
lordship is now on the opposite lack! There will be no importation of corn into this country when the market is already supplied. Merchants import com. like other commodiies, in order to sell to a prok, and not to 6ll warehouses and furnish an argue for a noble lord's foolish reasoning. Neither corn bor any other article is grown in order to produce a glut, but on the contrary the object held in view, and in the long run always attained is to adjust the supply to the demoni. During the thirty years' duration. of the Com Laws, prices have ranged from 399. un to 90s Can Lord Sunley quote a single case of Boy approach to such frightful fluctation in any one staple article of free Lade? We believe his lordship would be perplexed if called upon to name it.
contradiction upon contradiction, and when they are pointed out to him, he makes use of the most. rubienious sophistry and the commonest abusive language. Every week he is extolling his system in his Zollvercinsblatt and in the Augsburg All- gemine Zeitung, which is quite taken with him ; by these means he has succeeded in prepossessing the whole of south Germany (Bavaria, Wuruem- berg, and Bador), and even also the consumers in favour of it; so that there they only see the salva- Gon of Germing in cotton spinning. In the western provinces of Prussjo, and in Nasean, his "mational system," as it is called, has also many adherents, owing to the number of manufacturers there. But affairs are not so bad here in this respect as is ge- nerally supposed abroad, where the Augsburg All- gemeine Zeitung is principally rend, and which favours the protective system to a great extent. In Saxony, where there are, comparatively speaking. the most manufacturers, and five-nights of the whole of the spindles within the prion, there are But the spinners in its favour the manufacturers kere expressed themselves in very decided terras against it. The agricultural countries, such as Brunswick, Hessen and several Prussian provinces, as Pommerannis, East and West, Prussia, are all in favour of free trade. The Bavarian newspapers, as well as the Warttemberg, Baden, Aix-lea pelle, and Berlin papers all favour the protective system; formerly the Cologne papers did. 420, but they remain at present neutral; the Leipsic Frankfort-on-the.Maine, Breslau, Stettin, and 412,646 Koenigeberg papers, on the contrary, slick a fur Of the governments Bararia, Wort- temberg, Baden, and Thuringen, are more or less 406,437 inclined to the protective erstem, wolle Prussia, Strong, Hessen, Brunswick, and Nossau-Frank. 59,90ort [both having only one vote, are for the existing
ystem. Saxony was always lo favour of free posed on any landed interest in Europe. Bura Fade, but particularly in the leat Customs Congcllence, of which Lord Stanley was himself an committee of the lords- of the landed interest, par impolo slaaidedly against all increase of duty upon cotton and woollen yarn, and gave its refusal, I active member, has, after a long and painful inquiry, did make some mediating proposals concerning the duty upon cotton yarn, but Beveria, Württemberg; And Baden did not agree to them, nor the other go
85,035 11.599
Leaving to be epun within the Union 313,-87 509,436 This shows that wool spaning has increased cakel ly 60 per cent within these ten years.
Of this was exported.
1843 CwL
379,07%
33 549
6,209
237,347 33.463
198,354 12,157
270,541 370,810 wherein the home-made amounts to 91 per cent, and the imported to 9 per cent. In 1884 the pro- portion was as 94 10-6.
1844 CL
The quantity of yarn produced from
thus wool was
The quantity of foreign yarn impurt.
ed was
Toil
236,915
18,000 254,015
3,823
Conscquendy there was used for
weaving within the Onion, There is an increase of 62 per cent.
Woollen goods exported
·
251,092
****-52,708
25.7675
Within the Union of home-made recol
20.3821
7.7140
len goods were consumed
Wollen goods imported
6.5447
5.7389
8.3840
Total consumption of woollens the
Union
4.3932
2,4590
2.4361
and dy
2.0389
1.9496
1.8657
14796 21.3715 1.2809 1.0681 8.1275 #160.
importation. 1845 $12,000
Of all goods wero imported
mixed Total
=:1841 Cwl 2,213
1849 CFL
2,631
933
13,146
4,989
Or silk goods were exported
4,878
812275
48,818. 8450
2,794
Total
7,673
92,590 not yet known
$4,860
The exportation of silk goods, finished Union, as therefore increased 35 per Year Economist, June 20.
homes
Brandr
Hernig
All other article
Cotton
Dyewonon Mudder
Indigo
finon yarn
Imported for home Exportation, Costumpong of the transk m
$565
281-786
Free trade.
Concerning the importation of raw silk, it is only
vernments to theirs, so it remained as it was. The since 1841 that any correct returns have been inade
government of Saxony, has since published its in- Of silk dyed in the Union and that which is import tention to take the matter inte serious. COMELIŠTA- Ed dyed, there was wowen in 1841, 11,478 cwt, intion, whether in any fature session it shall revert 1843, 14,626 cwt, so that there was an increase in
to its abové mentioned mediafi
medialing proposal. There this branch within two years of 28 per cent,"
were, ity 6858, considerations not to be overlooked both in regard to raising the import duties phon Colton and inen yard and the measure question concerning draw back several 2,1490) mgned petitions from the manufact
Bets of Voigtland. Up
The ob Zollverein
a hadi been present
"Kvanced
swade in these, pentioni
TATO, DEY
*** Because, under a system of protection, the agri- culture of this country has more than kept pace with the increasing demand of its increasing population this in the teeth of the blue books which show tha How can Lord Stanley have the conscience to say for the last seven years two millions of the inhabitants of this country have, in spite of the Corn Laws, beca fed on foreign corn? Has he no memory - u happens to be a clerical blunder in them as in the respect for Parliamentary returns, expect when there
furnous case of Tamboff?
Because it is unjust to withdraw protection fron the landed interest of this country while that inter remains subject to exclusive bombens," &c.d. The public burthens of the landed interest of this city may be fairly estimated at about one-fifth part of those
made a report on the exclusive burthens."" from which we are led to conclude, and this sets the meat- ter for ever at rest, that there are no exclusive bu then-that the burthens in question were creaties of the imagination, for not one word is said abo them, the reponers having given them the go by and proceeded to the discussion of other and alich
*
Lord Stanley has eight other becauses,” which.. da that necessary to remark on, seeing that they a aparut es irrational as those we have taken the troub
to expose Hispalship commiserates the fate of the great and the little landlords, of the tenant farmers. and of the agricultural labourers, His pity is oven extended to shopkeepers, retail-dealers, mechanics, hand arusans, every one of whom is to be ruined, in long run, by dint of cheap bread. As wombst presume the people themselves to be the best judges of what they like best, and think most likely to to Lavantageous to them, we shall give one brief abso to the noble lord's rhodomontade. The agr petitions presented to the House of Com the present session in favour of the core me amounted to 199,429, and those in favoor c de to 1488,016. The advocates of free trade near from this statement, are a mejoriy o' baft seven to ong to the monopolists. Nor pardon of the rest of the community a ists an only as four to one, it is certain th portion of the agriculturists have joine 200
Tred traders, or that the latter ere: 07 commercial, emancipation that the intun exclusiva previleges. In hhe fairly and honestly carrie aintain it, in defiance of sophi pride, and bad reason leave of Lord Stanley's pro
prto peruse after it which he will sees
between!!
China and Hongkong
COUGH STREET HONGKONG 1846