22
22
20
20
བསམས བ 。
Puffy..
Giration
185)
10.
Rain during week One inch. much lighting 8,30 B M Bar. 20,48. Fore part one clear, ni 3 px Bar-min. 29-39; at 7 at violent thunder storm 05
ು.
4
Chinese day Day
METEOROLOGICAL
Day!
Kango
Bican
Month
Week Month of Barometer.
17
Ton
74 83 60
81
18
Tucs
19
Cairn
10,05
Fore part one clear, latter dulli
Fine clear.
Thermometer
Winds
REGISTER FOR THE WEEK ENDING, 27TM JULY, 1845.
Max Mini Mean. Fore | Lattor.
Plaviomr.
Inches.
0,15
Dull drizzly throughout.
Fine clear
REMARKS.
VISTORIA,
HONGKONG,
NOTICE. New advertisements, will be received, until 4 O'Clock, on the evenings previous to publi- cation, viz: Tuesdays and Fridays.
ERGLAND
LATEST DATES. May 7
UNITED STATES
April 10
CALCUTTA
BOMBAY
June 10 June
SYDNEY
MADRAS BATAVIA
May 1 May 31 June 18
SINGAPORE July MANILA July July SHANGHAI 28
June Foo.cuow-zoo Jung ANGY
Junc
2
A
THE FUÏEND OF CHINA A`D HONGKONG GAZETLE.
•
do. do,
14
do. do.
44
**Shanghai
C
Bia.
ESTIMATES. CAPITAL
each 330 Tons ; · 100 horsepower. to carry §£ 26,100 180 Tons,
1 Smaller ditto: 60 H. P. for Canton and Hong
kong,
Tools,
Land, Buildings &c.,
5,800
2,000
4,500
£ 38,400
The dense population of the Sea coast, and daily increast hat withont representation there cannot be
These blindesr (and they are occasional. ing number of Europeans whose arorations and intereste taxation, and this well known right of the sub-ly amusing enough) may all be traced to require them frequently to visit the several Ports, hold ou ject is the bulwark that protects him from op- one source-ignorance-pure ignorance. Siu-nis prospects of success ju the second branch of the traffic. rarely met with at the commencement of similar under, pression on the part of the Executive. The gapore has opium taxes, betel and pawn takings.
It is worthy of remark that the Monsoons will be constant. unfortunate Charles the first, seduced by the taxes, and a house assessment, therefore why example of other Sovereigns who levied arbi- not have the same in Hongkong? So speakly favorable to these Vessels during one half of their voyages, allowing them to economiso their fael; and in die opposite trary assessments from their subjects, attempted our sapient legislators. The answer is very direction their Steam Pourer will enable them to make a to deprive the people of the right of property short, Singapore is a settlement, placed un passage, tedious and difficult, if not impracticable, to Sailing by raising compulsory loans and taxes in the der the Indian government, garrisoned by Vessels.
The distances between the ports are ns follows:** game of benevolence, and this infringement the Indian army, and with a Governor, or
From Hongkong to Canton: abant 82 Miles upon the Constitution, paved his way to the Resident, of Indian appointment. It is essenti-
u. Amoy
270*4 "Foochow
4250 scaffold. Upon this point, De Lolme, in his ally Indian, and subject to the customary regula-
"Ninggo. +1 710 celebrated work on the Constitution of Englandtion of the rulers of India, and therefore an writes. "The right to grant subsidies to the assessment without representation, may be legal "crown, possessed by the people of England, there, though not legal in a Royal Chartered is the safeguard of all other liberties, reli-colony. Hongkong is a chartered colony, and gions or cigil it is a regular mean conferred as such, the colonists are entitled to every 3 Iron Vessels fitted with the Screw propellor upon them by the constitution of influencing right, and every privilege, which belongs to "the motion of the exccutive power; and it the subject, and can no more be taxed forms the tie by which the latter is bound to without their own consent, than could Charles "them."
the first. force taxation upon the people of It is not merely within the limits of the England. The Royal Charter, which is our British Islands, that the subject claims the right bill of right, was published in the Gazette two of private property, and that the principle of no years ago. It does not contain one clause which representation no taxation exists,it extends to all authorizes any Governor to tax the Colonists; the chartered colonies; from the Carribean sea and those who framed it, knew that they could to the fadian Ocean; from the southern Pacific not insert a clause to that effect. It impowers to the north Atlantic, every island that owns al- the Governor, or Lieutenant Governor, for the legiance to Great Britain, claims and receives all time being, with consent of the legislative the immunities which are the birth right of council, to pass such laws as may be required British subjects, and the inhabitants have equal for the peace, order and good government of claims to be secured in person and property, the colony. It impowers the Governor to as if that distant portion of the British empire make grants of land; appoint Magistrates; of which they are denizens, formed a compo- remit fines not exceeding £ 50: pardon cri- nent part of England herself. In Canada anminals; suspend from office, until a reference elective parliament-the representatives of has been made to the home government:
the and several other the people can alone tax property;
unimportant matters. same privileges are intrusted to the House of Her Majesty cannot delegate to another, assembly in Jamaica, the Legislative Council powers with which she is not herself in- of New Holland, and the elective Legislatures trusted; and in the whole range of British of the forty and odd British colonies. Corpora, colonics, there is not one where the executive tions have also the power to tax for municipal is allowed to levy taxes, Were such purposes; having the entire control of the funds permitted, there would be no end to the oppress they raise, and acting in perfect independence sion which would exist; and a few years would see the long list of thriving British of government.
colonies dwindling away, to a fow badly go-- verned places like Hongkong--places too weak to declare their independence, and too poor to attract the cupidity of the conquorer. Like Portugal, England might retain her Goa and Macao; but shorn of the strength which lays in her frishing possessions she would
sink into a third rate power.
Such is the constitutional law of England; and as such it has heretofore, we believe, been held sacred since the memorable at tempt at compulsory taxes which lead to the 19 American revolution. We have now to behold 6 a departure from this just principle of the Cous 30titution; we now see a direct, palpable and shameless violation of the immutable laws of our country, which even Her Majesty in Co- uncil cannot alter-which no crowned head of the house of Hanover has ever attempted to THE FRIEND OF CHINA, encroach upon. Within the past twelve AND HONGKONG GAZETTE. months, various attempts at taxation have been made by the local government; illegal VICTORIA, WEDNESDAY, JULY 30TH, 18415.
we firmly believe every one of them. In this remote district of the British empire the bar A letter from Singapore, mentions the de-barous customs of the darker ages have boon. pease, at Java on the 25th of June, of Mr. Grube the Prussian Consul. Mr. Grube has many friends and acquaintances in China who will he sorry to hear of his demise.
The prospectus of the "Chinese Coasting Steam Navigation Company," which we now publish, has already been laid before the great bulk of our readers, many of whom are better able to decide as to the correctness of the es timates than we are. We do not therefore enter into the details, further than to say, that we do not see how it is possible for a steam Vessel of 350 tons, to carry fuel for a coasting voyage to Shanghai and the intermediate ports with 180 tons of goods at the same time.
AVERAGE ANNUAL EXPENCES, Depreciation Fuad, Repairs toessels, Repairs to Machinery, Superintendent, Three Clerks, Agency,
4 Captains at £ 30 per month,
4 First Mates: £50 for provisions €15
4 Second "
40 Seamen
4 First Engineers 4 Second"
-4 Head Stokers
L
20 Natives Coals: Tons 2,100 € ?
Stores for Engine Room Insurance
L
£1,230
1,440
1,080
1,000
750
1,000
1,440
per month
9:20
F
per mouth
500
4
per month
1,920
30
per mouth
960
per month
720
14
per month
453
2-10per month
600
4,600.
1,000
1,100
£ 22,199
'
Besides these foms, Port Charges may be inclâded, and
it is hoped that the tates wow charged by the Tarif may be reduced by some arrangement with the Chinese Authorities.
..
It is calculated that the three Vessels can make 41 voyages, if required, yearly: this will be a Vossoj twaving each terminus every 9th day :-The total distance run will he about 75,310 miles; or euch Vessel 26,100 miles yearly, a very moderato duty compared with others), but the present
estimate of expences is calculated at 39 trips per year,
ESTIMATED ANNUAL RECEIPTS. Suanghai, -–39 Trips estim ning 60 Tone
£1,500 per passage-4550 Tons a $5 per Ton Passengers 31-teach way. £ 10 3,120 Dock do. 260 14
a 3
་་
780
E11.700
£5,850 2,498 630
8,906
£ $
1,560
, a
250
6,730
Canfox, -Freight 4160 Tons-40 cach
Way
a t
2,000
Passingers 15 each way-3120. ati
3,120
5,110
5,000
£36,586
Less Exponcca
2014
£14,392
JULY.
The calculation of the dollar is at 1-2.
SHIPPING INTELLIGENDE.
ARRIVED.
25, Emerald Isle, Curling, Whimpor 26, Harrier, Martell, Cuisingmoon, 26, Talbot, (Am) Story, Whimpoi. 27, Drongan, McDonald, Whampoa.. 23, Auduz, Oliver, Chusap,
23, Castle Hanlly, Mctatyre, Bombay. 24, Scotia, Strickland, Bombay......
It is to be hoped, that this assessment will not tamely be submitted to. It is a measure fraught with danger to the colony, and if allowed to pass quietly, it may be but the precursor of other Nisaro-30 Trips estimating 60 Tons assessments equally oppressive, and equally un.
per pasangu-160 Tons a $6 per Ton Passengers 312-1 cach way; - a£ just. We have the privilege of petition, and Deck do. 260 -
.. a 2-19 there could not be a better opportunity of using that privilego; we have the privilega of met-
Av.-19 Tripa estimating 60 Tons ing together, and deliberately and firmly ex-
ger passage-1880 Tons a $1 per Tun Passengers 12-1 each way renewed, and laws have been enacted more pressing our feelings upon this subject, Oar Deck do, 26) tyrannical in the burdens they impose, and voices are not heard in the Legislative C van despotic, and inquisitorial, in the principles they cil; our opinions are unasked upon questions to involve than any that disgrace a govern- us of vital interest, and probably contened by ment which has any claims to civilization, those who unfortunately are our temporary Where else has it ever been attempted to lay rulers; but we can publicly express our senti Azigrases for Mail Service &o, open the private history of families, to an in- ments, and can lay our grievances before her quisitorial tax gatherer, failing to satisfy wham, Majesty in Comcil, or before either house of people of unimpeachable character could be parliament. Most of the Ewropeans in Hong- driven from the colony? In what other colony kong, are comparatively indifferent about this. has a law been passed compelling a British sub-as about many other hardships, from their resi ject--a man of education and a high position in dence in China being only of a temporary na- social life-to appear before an officer of the ture. They would rather submit to a moderate government, and have his person, his parentage, degree of extortion for a few years, than take and his family relations registered, as if he were the trouble of resistance; but we mist view the by habit and repute a pick-pocket, ora swindler? question in another light. There are obliga. That this Company would confer great It remained for the government of Hongkong tions which we owe to each other, and it is a benefits upon the foreign commerce of China to pass such a law, suitably united with a heavy duty we owe to those who succeed us, as well generally, and upon Hongkong especially, we poll tax. This act was illegal, and a direct as one we to ourselves, to oppose this imposition are well satisfied, and would therefore rejoice violation of the constitution. It was repudiated in the most determined mammer to see it in active operation. As a specula- by some of those people who framed it-an- After considering the subject in all its bear- tion, we question whether it would be remune-mhilated by the power that called it into being ;ings dispassionately, we are fully convinced that rative, at least for some years. Were it possi- but the spirit is still alive, and may be traced the assessment is illegal. We would suggest to ble to obtain the support of the houses chiefly it in every step taken by this government since the community that the question by tried be engaged in the opium trade; touching at the that memorable affair.
fore the courts at Westminster. It will be ne- different stations with supplies on the passage We do not refer to the paltry financial im-cessary to raise by voluntary contribution a up, and again for specie on the passage down, posts, which appear to have engaged the almost sufficient fund to engage the best legal advice would certainly be profitable. This, how exclusive attention of government, some of in England, and there will be no difliculty in ever, could not be done. The clippers built for them so small that they will not defray, the ex- doing this. It is in vain to look for any aid in. the trade, though sailed at a great expence, are ponce of collection others, in the shape of the colony; we must demand justice out of it. not fit for any other, and their owners, the farming out monopolies of various articles of Lay our grievances before our Sovereign; and more especially that it checks competition, will consumption, ŝo insignificant that no man will if the colony is to be ruined by taxation, let us keep them running, though the Steara vessels buy them. We pass these, and come to the at least have, the satisfaction of knowing that, would take their opium on freight at lower proposed house assessment, which in the pre- we are not taxed in opposition to the laws Fates than their own vessels can carry it. The sent state of the colony, would be a greivious of our country. idea of carrying 180 tons of bale, or gruff goods burden, even if houses were rated at a fair we hold to be quite falacious, even if they of rental,say 10 per cent on the cost of building fered; but they would not offer every nine days. To Amoy, and Foo-chow-foo, there would always be a certain quantity of freight; but Shanghai, before the Steamers could be built will have a large direct trade with Europe quite independent of Canton or Hongkong, supplying Ningpo, and Chusan (if still open) with most articles of import. Unless as carriers of the drug, we do not think that these vessels would and it is almost certain that for
pay, years they would not get a large share of that. To those houses more moderately engaged in this traffic, and not having vessels of their own, the Steamers would offer advantages, which would make them worthy of their support.
THE PROPERTY TAX.
that is a house that cost $10,000 would be put down of a rental of $1,000 per auium, which is a high rate, and upon that rental a per centage would be levied. We will be deceived however, if houses are not put down by the young men employed by government as tax raters at enormous nominal rents. the spirit which rules this government, we are prepared for some most oppressive tax-some outrage that will again rouse the population, native and European, to express their strong indignation.
From
OF THE
PROSPECTUS.
CHINESE. COASTING STEAM NAVI- GATION COMPANY.
Capital, £-
each.
in Shares. £.
The object of this Company is to establish a regular and frequent cum munication: Between Hongkong and the Five Consular Ports of Canton, Amoy, Fochow, Niago and Shanghai:
And between wach other Ports as now are, or may here. af te opened to English Commerce.
It is proposed to accomplish this object by means of Ima Vesely, to be equipped for the purpose, combining efficiently the qualines of Steam and Sailing Venesis.
It is proposed that the operations of the Company shall commence with a portion of the Capital only.
Employment for the Vesele and profit to the Sharehold. ers in the Company will arise from
the Mail Service
tely. The Carriage of Merchandise and Treaunro. endly. The Coaveyance of l'amengers, and 3rdly. An anticipand aforacce from Gormant for It may be safely prodiered that the Merchants, Manufac. surts, and indeed all cases interested in Chinese Com merce will derive great benefit from ita duvelopement dad extension, not the peanution of kindly interrodive and really relations with the Chlume people, which cannot but
It is not less certais that, the Shareholders in a Company
Let our readers bear in remembrance that this assessment is illegal; and let them take the necessary steps to protect the colony from a continuance of those measures, which have shewn, that a change is called for in the local It is the proud boast of Englishmen, that by administration. We repeat it, this assessment is the constitution and laws of their country, they illegal; whether it emanated from the noble have guaranteed them the right of personal | Lord at the head of the Colonial department, security the right of personal liberty; and or whether it is of local growth, it matters the right of private property. It is to the not, and we do not believe that by law it third of these we would now refer. Since could be enforced. We presume that this, like the reign of Edward the first to the present all other acts, has received the sanction and ap.fore the establishment of Steam Communican day, private property has been held inviolate,proval of the learned Attorney General, but carrying cat so useful an dnderaking will receive an nor can any tax be levied upon a British notwithstanding such high professional authodega turn for their Capital ere marked; an imme subject without his consent, expressed by his rity being against to us, we declare the assess trade strandy exists which, with the advantage of facilities VỀ Steam Navigate etans, but ingress with great rapidly, representatives. No one principle of the con- ment to be opposed to the spirit of the Constand so an extent said as he sat empire of Chios
Sett stitution is more clearly laid down than this, tetion.
29. Denia. Pruen. Bombay 24th June, Singapore
19th July.
29. Favorite, Malengren, Singaporu. 20, Touquin, Blacker, Boston, 23, Bahamian, -, Liverpool.
SAILED. JULY.
26, Judith, Phillips, Manila. 26, Charles Forbes, Wills, Whampoa. 27, Mary Bannatyne, Picken, Whaimpoa, 27, Fanny Comell, Davis, Amoy, 21, Manilla, Lloyd, Manila. 29, Erin, Mainė, Shanghai, 25, Lenor, (Am.) Newell, Manila. 28, Drongan, McDonald, Manila, 23, Cayuga, Starbuck, Whẩmpaa. 29, Emerald Isle, Curling, London. 29, Jovca Carina, Deng, Cunsingmoon, 29, Privateer, Abbott, Cimsingmoon. -29, Marmim, Ewing, Shanghai.
PASSENGERS,
In the Emeral Isle, sailed for London yesterday. ---Mr. and Miss Hulme, Mrs. Caine; Samuel
Fara Esq.; E. W. Chyton Esq.; G. R. Jonus Esq. and Licut, Huline.
REPORTS.
Kestrel. Beauvais, Manila via Macao, to-day.
BOMBAY SHIPPING, ARRIVALS.
A
Jent.
6th Sydney, Hongkong and Singapore, 10th Dening do. 23rd April.
Jane.
SAILED..
11th Brahmin, Cobuaho and china, 11th Prince of Wales, China. 11th Castle Huntly, Singapore and do. 12th Charles Grunt, do, and do. 14th Charles Forbes, China. 20th Mayaran Dayaran, Singarore and do. 231d Tyrer and Bombay Chatte, China.
SINGAPORE SHIPPING.
JELT.
ARRIVALS,
11th Dardo, Manila eh June. 16th Coquelle, Macao 218 June.
Page