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THE FRIEND OF CHINA AND HONGKONG GAZETTE.
With regard to the Whampoa anchorage, foreigners cannot object to the Chinese enforc- ing the usual port regulations, which compel all vessel to report themselves within a certain THE FRIEND OF CHINA, time; but any restrictions which may be at
tempted on a free intercourse with Hongkong must be watched and defeated.
AND HONGKONG GAZETTE. VICTORIA, WEDNESDAY, JULY 2ND, 1845. -
We have been obliged to defer some further notice of Borneo; also the publication of docu- ment, which give much valuable information as to the capabilities of that island.
Under the head of Commercial Intelligence will be found an extract from the Bombay Tunes, interesting to those connected with the Bank of Western India, a branch of which was recently opend in Hongkong under the able management of Mr. S. J. D. Campbell, the Gentleman who successfully established the branch in Ceylon.
AUSTRALIA.
By the Brig Challenger we are in receipt of Advices from Sydney dated the 25th of April, which givo a cheering view of the improved state of the colonies in New Holland. Business has resumed a bealthy tone, and imports suited to the market sell at fair prices. The ordeal, through which the colonies have passed, bas destroyed that fictitious value which was put on property by the desperate speculators, who were enabled by the facilities of discounts to gamble in stock, lands, houses and imported goods, until they raised prices of the most com mon necessaries of life to a ridiculous rate Many of the mushroom firms have disappeared, and trade and agriculture, on a firmer basis have gra dually assured that satisfactory position which has been anticipated by those acquainted with
مجھے
to pay $2 each trip. This has been officially Charlow gave chase in another Sampan. On intimated by a circular from Mr. Macgregor overtaking Wilkinson's boat, he was taken into the British Consul, who also gives notice that the Sampan by Ingwood and his companions. all ships, and under whatever flag, are to com- and on Charlow's coming up he saw Ingwood municate with the newly appointed officer at tie the hands of the deceased with a handker- the Bogue station; and that no vessel will be chief, and lay him in the bows of the boat. permitted to remain at anchor at Whampoa Charlow turned round to drink with Mears, without passing through all the formalities of he heard Wilkinson very abusive to Ingwood, and then a splash in the water the deceased entry &c.
having been thrown overboard. Such appears to have been the facts: the Sampan all the time Wilkinson was on board being within hail of the ship Tory, and when he was thrown into the water, not more than fifteen yards from her stern, part of the crew being spectators. In such position it is impossible to believe that Ingwood deliberately committed murder. Sti- molated with drink, and maddened with pas- sion from the language of the deceased, the eri- minal throw him into the water on the impulse of the moment without giving any consi- deration to the crime he was committing, or, as we firmly believe, having an intention to de- prive the deceased of life. The rumours of his having deliberately tied the man hand and foot, and then drowned him, are like many other rumours incorrect. He tied him for the pur- pose, and with the intention of taking him back to the Lorcha, lest he should go on board the Driver and lodge a complaint by which their liberty would be stopped. A minute or two before the crime was committed, Ingwood said he did not mean to hurt the deceased, nor did he; the fatal action proceeded from a momentary burst of rage, scarcely aware of what he was doing.
The vessel destroyed by fire, of which men tion was made in our last issue, was the "CC from Singapore bound to this port with a cargo of produce. The crew and passengers after being a short time in the boats were picked up by the Judith and have arrived here safe. No assignable cause can be given for the fire, and it is presumed that it was spontaneous, some combustible article having possibly been stow ed in the hold damp.
The trial of the three men belonging to H, M. S. Driver, on the charge of having murder ed a person of the name of Wilkinson at Whampoa, has caused a good deal of excite. ment. The court house was crowded on Mon- day to hear the proceedings, a report of which will be found in another part of our paper; and the verdict returned by the Jury was such as the attentive observors of the evidence antici pated.
We trust that many will come to the con- clusion, that though Ingwood is guilty of mur- der, that murder was not committed under the aggrevated circumstances which have been generally believed. We would also express a hope that, His Excellency will give this case his serious consideration, and if he can extend to the condemned man the mercy, which as the representative of Her Majesty, he is entrusted with, he will do so, and the community will be spared the unpleasant sight of an Englishman hanged in Hongkong. We have heard it said, that it would be unjust to commute the sentence of this man who is a murderer, and was convicted of robbery with intent to mur- carry out that recorded against another, who
the cork of a bottle of Samshu when witness heard a splash-he tried to reach the deceased, but could not as he was too far off-he could only see his head at the time-the man disap peared instantly he was lying in the bont before on the bow with his feet down in the bottom; he was not likely to fall overboard-both his legs and hands were tied-his legs were tied when witness entered the boat-witness said My God Charles you have drowned the man-He said I know I have and 1 shall suffer for it-witness ad- vised him to go on board the ship-The Tory was lowering a boat-It was near enough to hear nearly every thing that passed-This might be between three and four O'clock in the afternoon -Ingwood said let us go to the Lorcha and have a couple of glasses of grog and then we can go on board-After getting into the horcha-witness missed Ingwood and found the boat and he were both out of sight-he remained on board the lorcha until he saw the first cutter coming, then went on shore-she followed and took him on board and some others-none of the prisoners then returned-about 8 O'clock next morning. Mears and Cos returned-Ingwood did not jom the ship again-Wilkinson was a stranger to witness they had been drinking--but were sober enough to know what they were doing
Wilkinson used abusive language after he was tied-Mears andCox were sitting down aft→→The men all seemed stunned when he was overboard -witness thought his hands were tied to keep him quiet-it was possible he might have slipped. over he was not struggling.
Robert Anderson is soilmaker on board the Tory-two men were working with him at a sail on board the Tory about 3 O'clock when he saw a boat come along with a man standing up in it. Another boat was close astern he seemed to be a small man-There were three in the second boat they were men of war's men-two were pulling and one at the head of the boat with a boathook-when they came alongside the first be hooked the simpan, tank. the man in it by the collar and hauled him into the other boat under the cover--they turned to pull up the river-a few minutes afterwards they hauled him out-- witness saw that his knees were tied-a third bout then came—the man in it spoke to a sea- mán on board the Tory-believes it to be the Jast witness he then pulled towards the accond boat and went into it-one man, tied the hands." of the deceased-they came right to the Tory'a Jurboard quarter-tho nian who was tied raised his head, and said will you see a poor fellow bad- ly used in this way-The au standing beside Lim said this is a inau-roper (or some such word) we are going to make an example of
derer. But we apprehend the cases are widely different the first criminal committed a grievi ous offence on the impulse of the moment-the other criminal, formed one of a gang, who deli-bin-us they came under the stern about beratery, with fire arms and other weapons, attacked a houses with the full determination of rubbing and murdering, and even apart from other considerations, his execution is rendered necessary as an example,
Of the guilt of the wretched man Ingwood there cannot be the shadow of a doubt, for, though his shipmate Charlow, gave it as his opinion, that the victim might have rolled over board, the testimony of the two men belong. ing to the ship Tory, showed that Ingwood threw Wilkinson overboard, bound hand and foot. In extenuation of the crime, little or nothing can be said; that it comes under the head of murder there can be no doubt. Mur der, however, like every other crime, has its degrees of criminality, and in some instances the resources of the colonies.
From New Zealand, the accounts are for the distinctive line between murder and man from being satisfactory. The settlement at slaughter is difficult to discern. If, as some the Bay of Island has been captured by the suppose, murder must be premeditated, then natives, who are lead on by an enthusiastic Ingwood was not guilty of murder, as those Christian convert. It appears that the Gover who gave attention to the evidence must be nor of New South Wales, is by no means bla satisfied; we believe, however that the law does not in all instances require that premedita meless, in delaying to forward troops when upon or malice should be proven. As we have plication was made for them by Capt. Fitzroy, observed, the distinction is a nice one-acting We published the particulars of the affair at the Bay of Islands, in which thirteen men
upon impulse and killing with the weapon which were killed and eighteen wounded including
is in your hand when the cause of that impulse Captain Robertson of H. M. S. Hazard. In offers itself, and the crime is manslaughter-but addition to these,nine strugglere were murdered moving a few steps to possess yourself of the weapon with which the homicide is committed after the settlement was abandoned. The and it becomes murder. Such being the law, Sydney papers censure the Officers in charge of Ingwood is a murderer, for though acting under the small force employed pretty freely, but it excitement, and provoked by abusive language, is by no means clear that they do so justly. In he appears to have committed the crime delibe- addition to being attacked by an overwhelming number, the small body of sailors, soldiers and rately, in so far as he first placed the deceased's civilians were obliged to protect the women shoulders and dropped him into the water. But feet over the boat and then raised him by the and children who were placed in some sort of that he intended to drown the man, we do not feloniously kill and murder the said Robert Wil-
stockade for greater security. The assailants appear to have been about 6, tthough some accounts say 1,200 men all well armed, while the British could not pumber more than 200 including civilians, who by the way appear to zaken a conspicuous part in the affrey,
CANTON.
Our dates from the provincial city are to the 28th of June. The market for imports is dull almost beyond precedent with no immediate prospect of a reaction. The second crop of Canion raw silk is coming forward, but though the quantity is large, prices keep high. The local silk factories are busy and will consume a Jarge portion of the crop. The new crop of pea is also in the market and selling at prices which scarcely give much hope for a profit. The fine Congous in some instance are mixed in quality, an unworthy trick on the part of the Celestials. In the interior, the prices are said to have been lower than last year, yet such is the eagerness to secure the hew teas that, the same extravagant prices are submitted to.
believe; in fact he appeared not to have givea the matter a moments consideration, as no man however reckless, would deliberately commit murder, with a whole ship's company looking on. Admitting the crime to be murder, we deny that it was premeditated murder, or that the criminal was actuated by any malicious desire to deprive the deceased of life. It was murder, committed by a half drunk man, acting under the additional excitement of the vitupe rative language, with which it was proved that Wilkinson indulged from first meeting him on board the Portuguese Lorcha, until the half hour, or three quarters of an hour afterwards,
when the deed was done.
Previous to the trial, there were many ex- aggerated accounts of this affair current, and even now the impression on some minds is, that Ingword is a cool and deliberate murderer. We beg that those who are of that opinion will dispassionately review the whole affair from the time the liberty men left the ship in the morning until the drowning of Wilkinson in the afternoon. Charlow states that it was agreed among themselves, that there should be no quar- The Chinese have heard rumours of a warrelling, and that any one who disturbed the between the English and Americans, and ma- harmony of the party should be punished. Af pifest a good deal of interest above the matter. ter a walk in the fields we find them, in num- The apprehension of a notorious chief of berering seven, coming down to the river ; Ladrones, gives the Mandarins great satisfac- there they purchased a bottle of Samshu and tion. The pirate is quite a youth and a very drank it; they then go on board the Portuguese handsome fellow. He had a host of followers, Lorcha and drink three or four bottles of rum, and his flag for a time set the Chinese navy which is upwards of half a bottle of spirits for at defiance. What they could not achieve by each man before dinner. After another ram- arms, the Imperial forces have won by strategy. ble, four of the seven return at three o'clock to The bold robber was invited to an entertain- dine on board the Lorcha; and though it, did ment by a party of about 100 people. After not appear on trial, there is no doubt that, with plying him with strong drinks, he was allured their dinner they had another supply of rum. by the charms of some celestial Deliah, and Charlow says that when they returned to the only awoke from his delusive dream of secu- Lorcha, Wilkinson was there making a great rity, to find himself a captive with a rope round noise, he evidently wished to quarrel with the his neck. He was put into a wooden cage, and man of war's men, telling them that he knew carried to Canton, a days journey, where he more of the rules of the service than they did will probably be decapitated. The reward and challenging them to box with him. "Wil- offered for his capture was $5,000, and the kinson was very abusive, and the criminal prisoners is supposed to be worth $ 100,000. Ingwood told him that, though ashamed to hit We regret to hear, that the Chinese Autho-him if he did not leave the Lorcha he would give rities, show a disposition rigidly to enforce those him a good shaking. The deceased was then clauses of the unfortunate supplementary trea- persuaded by the Portuguese to leave the Lor ty, which have been so injurious to Hongkong. cha, which he did with a threat that he would Chinese vessels, visiting this colony, are to be go on board the Driver and lodge a complaint subjected to a constant and severe scrutiny, Ingwood then said, you shan't make any com- and are prohibited from coming here, without plaint about me for I will take a boat and bring a fresh licence every trip, which involves a youback to the Larcha. With the intention of Mandarin fee. Even the Government fast boats bringing Wilkinson back, Ingwood and two of are not exempt from this regulation, and have his companions started in a Saipan, the witness
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SerREME Covar, 30th June, 1845. Charles Ingwood, alias Robert Sinclair, Thos.. Cox, and John Mears, were placed at the bat accused of murder; that on the 2d May last, at Whampoa, in and upou Robert Wilkinson they did make an assault and take him into their hands, and cast, throw, and put him into the Canton river, by means of which he was chok- ev, suffocated and drowned, elso that they did
kinson.
Joseph Charlow being called and sworn was ex- amined by Mr.Goddard—a promise of pardon has been held out to him-he was at one time ac cused along with the rest-ho has turned Queen's evidence-By the Attorney General- he is a Seaman; on the 2nd May was on liberty from H M.'s Steamer Driver-only 10 went on shore-the prisoners and witness were among them-they went round and through the men- dows-three went one way and seven, the other
on walking along the seven made an agree. ment (including prisoners and witness) that the
first man who got drunk or made a quarrel should be punished-caine down to the point where they cross to the Portuguese. Lorcha where spirits are sold --got a boule of Samshu out of one of the boats and sat down and drank it--then agreed to go to the Lorcha-and em ployed a boat for a day which took them to the Lorcha-when on board saw three of their meit who had broke their Liberty, playing cards- they said they were not going on board before morning-they got three or four bottles of rum and drank it asked to have a dinner provided by three O'Clock-the seven went on shore to have a walk-three of them went on board a Scotch ship the remaining four were told dinner was ready-went on board and as they sat down to dinner Wilkinson was there singing and mak- ing a great noise-he said he knew more about man of war's rules and regulations than any of them he did not care for any one in the Lorcha to spar with-Little notice was taken of him→ the black fellow tapped him over the nose twice -he hit the black fellow after he bad snt down- Wilkinson was afterwards very abusire-Ing. wood spoke to him-he took no notice of it- Ingwood took up a potatoe and threw it at him & said I think it a shame to bit you, but if
you do not leave the Lorcha I will give you a good shak- ing-The Portuguese persuaded him to leave the Loréha which he did in a boat-and said he would I go and make a complaint on board the ship
Ingwood said you shan't make any complaint about me for I will take a boat and bring you back to the Lorcha-witness said, so will I, Charles---
Ingwood Mears and Cox went in one boat, and
witness in another-their boat pulled faster and overtook the deceased first-while they got along- side bis boat witness was calling for a man on board the Tory-They took the deceased out of bis own boat into theirs-be means the prison- ers at the bar but cannot say which—as witness came to their buat he saw Ingwood tying his hands with his oso kaadiezchief-thought he was tying them rather taught and said don't hort the man-lle said I do not want to hurt big- Witness then stepped into the boat and told the Chinaman to pull in shore Mears was drawing
or 8 yards distant. the min took hold of the other who was tied, by the ancle and love his feet over the side, then took bold of him under the arms, lifted him up and let him drop into the water-one man tried to get hold of him but did not succeed-witness told the mate what had been done-the gig was lowered but was too late to save bi-the man who threw him over- board went inside directly and hanled the cover over him-they then pulled up the river-witness cannot swear the prisoners are the parties.
Joseph harlow recalled-did not then know the mun's name who was drowned- but heard it, afterwards.
David McLeish was a seaman on board the Tory-corroborates the evidence of the last wit ness--it was about 3 O'clock in the afternoon, the man was lying on his back bound, with blood on his face-annot tell where the blood came from-when about 5 or 6 yards from them,a man seized his legs; put them over the boat's gunwale and then threw him overboard-he rose behind the sumpan with bis hands tied and a small part of his head and then disappeared-saw the body 3 or 4 days after pass the ship-the feet were tied but witness could not see the bands-never saw it afterwords-never saw the man before--dues. not identify the prisoners.
Mr. French is assistant to Mr. McMurray the baker at Whampoa-Wilkinson left him on the morging of the 2nd May, saw his body again on the 4the hands and feet were fastened--on the 2nd he went on board a Lorchu belonging to a l'ortuguese but witness did not see him there. Mr. Twynham is a midshipman on board the Medusa knows that one of the prisoners shipped on the 6th May by the name of Sinclair-said he had been left by a merchant vessel at Macao and had come across that morning--when- the Driver appeared he went on the sick list and continued zo until taken by the civil authorities.
Mr Goddard said there was no evidence suffi- cient to identify the prisoners and made some re- marks on the unsatisfactory nature of circum- stantial evidence.
After a short consultation the Jury returned a verdict acquitting Mears and Cox who were dis- missed from the bar, and finding Ingwood guilty. Sentence of death was passed on him.
Jose.
SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE..
ARRIVED.
28, Judith, Phillips, Liverpool. 28, H. M. Tr. S. Alligator, King, Singapore. 20. Bintang, Wright, Whampoa. 29, Julia, Brazewitz, Bally. 29, Challenger, Archibald, Sydney. 29, Buenos Ayrean, Coull, Whampoa. 20, Woltemade, (Dut.) Grey, Batavia. 30, Little Catherine, Hart Mamo. 30, William the Ath, Woodin, Whampoa.
JUNE.
27, Queen Mas, Rowe, Liverpool 28. Sudara, Campbell, Eally. 28, Duchess of Northumberland, Scett, Whampoa 23, Jean, Kinnington, Whampoa.
SINGAPORE SHIPPING.
ARZIVALS,
25th Frolic, from Bombay 7th May. 29th Louisa, from China 27th April, 31th Cursetjes Cowasjee, from Bombay 1st May..