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VOL. III, No. 125
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ORIGINAL CORRESPONDENCL (To the Editor of the Friend of China.) Sir, I have the pleasure of forwarding to you a valuable article written by Dr. Heyng of the Madras servies which appears likely to be generally understood and may be hind to throw some additional light, upon the cuusag of the fatal leserses, expe- rienced hero during the lust summer and autumn, and also serva to elicit information from thee who hom their knowledgy of the interesting Science of Geology, tro ombled to arrive at ourroc Topographical conclusions, AN ESTABLISHED Malarious coumines, DURING TIID UNDE WINDWARD Df all sources of those who are living on 31 unleas anchored 6l 5 aufL
does not appear druction
The experient confirm all thoth show the value of the or be the menus of saving Toyoiled and doonslavin nary convulsion of natur ed, or the hand of the un
Your
GRAVON.
from the shore which
terven I think to
where the epidemic of 1808 and 1810, walkan the endemic, worn most destructive, are quite make of trees, no Dudigal, Madura, and the rooky went of Beningsputem.”
Now, if it should be found, that is fever uxiste constantly and jovariably among certain description of hills, when others of a different composition are a constantly five from the name, would it not become reasonable to suppose that the nature by composition of the rock well inuer furnish the cause of the calamity
The hills where it is found to prevail, appoor, at first view, to be quite harmloss, an they are a granite, which is the most common rock him on thus globo, They contain, however besides quartz, || folapur, and injea, a great proportion of Terruginous hornbleues, which, by fis disintegration or separation from the rock becomes bighly magnetic, and in which, suppose, the cause resides which produces this fever, benidor a great train of other dinordens. This iron hornblende occure in such quantity, that all avalete, public ronda, indeed, all hollows along the hills are filled with its sand | || from which, niso, all the iron in this part of the country is manu factured. This granito is remarkable for its disintegration, as it not only separates during the hot sunson in "largs masses of many ns, but crumbles as easily intuity campaing particles, and is found as sand in great abundance, not only nour every rock, but the rains to the lower parts of the country, und ihns forms the -near every stone, from whence 16 carried by the torrents during particular mark by which these hills may be distinguished from all others. It is generally not attracted by the magnet when united to in the greatest abundance, but after it has been mugurated it is the mass, even when it occurs as in
na in hornblende stato, or greenstone, attracted as much as any iron flings. The may be owing to the incipient state of oxydation, or apore likely, to the development of magnetism by the high temperature to which u hing been exposed in the hol season, which also may have weakened the cohesion of the rock, and entsed its disintegration in the mugs,
||
be montimed, nor are the anime) and vegetabla kingdoms loss Indebted for its influence, indeed it in the ANIMA MUND. It can be accumulation under ee rin diredruamances in the air, bud there M no doubi, that an in Jongnolian, so it x in tron, and in soma other numbraly and as it a oinnit, it can be also dissipated from the place in which it is confined. Of course where magnetic iron aboupde the electric fluid, whether is is postive or negative quality, will make, under favourable circumstances, its escape. ......... This nuat he on common physical principles the case, WHEN THE TEMPERATURE IS MORE THAN BUALAY INCREAMETIT the hottest Beason therefore when the rooks exposed to the peritian rays of the sun are raised to tho accumulated heat of 220a, in the epoch when the favor rages mos), (which we suppose to originate from the greatest development of magnetina). It is known that a high degree of electricity can be raised, in certain minerala by hesting then merely, and according to my experiment, the hornblende which is found in this granjie becomes magnetie on being heated, which before showed no magnetism whatovar, tatanda also to reason, that the fint rain which cools the autosphere down to 74 must put a stop to the dischamn of that principle, and 19 the farther cause of the fover, for temalt on our effectus
It in generally believed, that so powerful a principle has, or must have a great influence, on the animal constitution, although electricity has hitherto been tried, but with every partial uncoRA, as remedy against some disorder; and if I do not unistaken, with more where it has been auSTRACTED, where sparks have boun slicited, than where they have been imparted. Magnetism has also been tried, bat oftener ridiculed by the medical world in England, particularly tint which is called affinal magnetism, L
In may humble opinion it is here the particular magnetism or electricity of the fron granite, without however actonping to de- terming whether it is the vitrous or malnous for hornbleude in pri. mitive trap contains nearly as much tron so that of the grenite; the iron also in other minemis, as in the mogastic iron slate of lababunden, and the carbusted fron ore of that country, pos. senata as much magnetism, even in it nelive state, yet do they
that of the iron granite bills; of course if it be electricity at all thint of the iron granite brochure temples of all fan it should appear] it must be that particular modification of it, which is inherent to the iron sand of the granite of this country.
fills of this discription form the principal ranges of this Ghaute, Be Jar at lenat as the Godavery; they predoininain also umung cho they might be miten for um exclave-rock formation of this ander, and in sugle hills and make vs the county of this country. However, fortunately, this la not quite the caso. They are easily recognised at a distance by their very rugged and abruptly pointed appearance, and the great steepness at their tops. That has been chairvad by some practitioners. | Mr. Searman rangos of this formation are also very interrupted, and generally consist of rows of single hills, although to the Bouthward, I have found them also confected at buses, and in triple, und quadruple | rangen,”
that the night aft in those placas, where such fevers occur, le par- cularly to be drunded. This scents to militaté against the new doctrine, but je actually in support of it; for electricity, mù is well known, can be confined to clouds for a considerable une, or can be kept at & certain spot by attraction [ us in the ignis fatus }, and of couren die some prifoiple, under a different form, but from
Dr. Heyne then gives an excellent topograplije description of the hills which have rendered themselves known to urgences, ray be kept slonting in the air for some time at
for the malignity of du fever," and after that of such soure Ma constantly free of the hifi faves." This is the night dud of topor graply, but for obvious reasong we cannot here enter into it. The hills where the fever is ** totally unknown," Dr. Horne describes aa ** primitive trap, which commuints of quaris, felajar, and READ borablende." He then adde that the epidemic fever of 1808 stopped short at a range of hills of this inter composition, in the Comba, toto distriól a romarkable futet.
⠀
These two rangin of trap proceed with vory builder to admixt Doramry and Velloret the rucks are spumes compact horn ure of fron stone through the whole. Duramaliai, from Nameul to ||
form,
the purucular spot where it is been discharged, and, if it should pemain úll night, it must be condongud by the codneas of it, and hance will be imported, or come ounceauropod to those who ex pose themselves to it at the line.
The untives are particularly loud of sleeping in the open air with a very light or no covering, hopce our cause of their being oftener subject to those lovers than Europeans.
A moist nimusphere destroya electricity { to use the common strong rain in the sun, besides the cooling of the rocks, should Dhrase } or abduces it; it is therefore but natural, that the fires
moist aisles as
tion 1 but here and there hills appear-among them of fron granite, || count also, in a nouuon prior to the bot, (in January and which stand in connexión with other rangos of that description in | February) the fover has been restrained by the same circumstance. that province, both East and West of that valley, which have the The hunvy dows, among our Chante, which some ha vu even con. hill fever as virulent as in other parts of the country, where whole rangos of these hills becur,
A. A molt remarkable instance illustrative of the above facts, and of my deductions from them, I found at Tripatoon, which lies in the above valley, close to a large table land, the rock of which is sand stone. Insited there a respectable navio whether any such disorder us fovers, were frequent in the country, but soovived in answers, No, thank God, not within ten miles of this plans; at Javadymalle, a hill fort where no man can live two days without geting it To this place a poon was despatched with the simple order of bringing
ing two of three stones from the rock of the hill, and some sind nu might be fagad on the road. The man returned, and brought pletus of a rock composed of rod folapar, quartz, and plenty of ferrug nous hornblude; and the wand of the road oun- sisted entirely of magnetic band and particles of felpar.
sidered as the forerüntur, oi se a powerful enuse of these levers, have absolutely retarded or prevented them. For it should be | known and remarked, that these months are reckoned, the safesi
to ventaire among the Gbaute and to remain there.""
It may be observed further, that all epidemics in this country are preceded by uncommonly heavy rains and somo "lightining muchi was not only the case in the fover epidemy of 1808 to 10, da already said, but such existed before the appearance of the pre- sent cholera morbus in Bengal, and now at Madris. I do not supposed, however, that they are in consequence of the rain after it has follen, and the tuhundations which have followed it, but from the superabundance of electric mother which caused the rain, or in tact from the sume cause electricity) derived from a dulbrent source.
I must name now the Palibat hills, among which na far as they extend to the Southward (Chittoor) the hill lever is fully unknown. I was particular in my inquiries on this subjent, the beginning of this year when among them. They consist entrely-of linty alute, and are chars in some places as they are the village, tane had miland pauca doar the fover, bas besa sotao woody in others, and as lofty and as low as the ranite hill Ind with the distenerf to that very dininges1-
I would advise, na a precaution, to avoid if posible the living near a hill or rock about which a gunnuity of magnetic imn vand found. The distance of two miles would be quits sufficient in common pase na thing been observed oven af Courtilum, where.
I come now to a nountry and lilla whore I have lived myself. I could apw.cowany wysing na I live wid, nearly every tlung for som
the Cuddanh Distrier 1 in divided from Gorkhow at present in the cubións, bin I wi supposi a low diluto, Souts, und from iron granito, und the hill favar, which stake will not ingly comp from me, although I am would soon benur to ulier, and would be mout
runicontinh
Cummuur m
sono bandh tborn tothe nonbyard. entlyance, sand Bayk müTOW
I of the hill favore Ullin
iny do not at the hill lovar tun Dito t. Anky prstly good ageing and 22nd
Bon whos
(palanum to me probable, dini aloctricity. to which ham tasei in linnen nu our heal
- penule the uyury
it may be deficient in others vach of
Misty a magneten trou
Viotoria Hongkong,
15th April, 1844.
Observation on the Hill Fovery of the
and of India with some Remarka and Electricity as a probable Cause some other Disorders By Dr. Hay