412 THE HONGKONG GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, 22nd SEPTEMBER, 1877.
sentence is six months' hard labour. It comes, in course of time, to the fifth offence, six months' hard labour with a recommendation to deport him. Well, that is carried out. You then very likely find, sooner or later, the same man up for returning from deportation and committing a larceny, and he gets twelve months. That is a system opposed to a fundamental principle laid down by the Secretary of State for the guidance of those responsible for the administration of the criminal law. No greater mistake can be made than that of inflicting short sentences on old offenders. It tends to create and cultivate a criminal class.
or similar
In one of the despatches communicated to Sir ARTHUR KENNEDY by Lord CARNARVON, he enclosed copies of despatches written to various Governors on the general question of the treatment of criminal- To the Governor of British Guiana (Sir JAMES LONGDEN) he says: "The principles on which yñals, by work are no doubt well known to you. They are the separation of youthful from adult cri separate placing the former in an industrial or reformatory establishment; the enforcement of o system amongst adults; the establishment of penal labour by treadwheel, crank, shot-drir portion of means for prisoners in the first stage of long sentences, and during the whole or the greates are long short ones, and, lastly, the moral and industrial training of those prisoners whose senteut its effect enough to warrant the conclusion that a system of reformatory training will not be withoiples. But in their future disposition and mode of life." These are well known and indisputable prin formatory; in Hongkong, you have no separation of youthful from adult criminals; no Government, the future no industrial school; no moral or industrial training of any kind; you shut your eyes reformatory career and mode of fe of discharged prisoners. Where there. is such a total absence ofge prisoners, training, and where you avow it is hopeless to improve the moral condition of the Chinet a decrease and where you have a set of Turnkeys who cannot speak their language, you cannot exn of crime.
nts against the Before I came, Mr. Administrator AUSTIN reported that, owing to the comwas necessary, and Turnkeys, from his own personal observations of them, he was convinced a reform
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the admission of he suggested getting men out from England. Lord CARNARVON, struck no doubt tle their language, the Gaol Committee that those who had care of the prisoners knew but very trustworthy Chinese character or disposition, suggested that an endeavour should be made to get Turnkeys. In writing to his Lordship, I said:--
ch No. 66 of the 13th on the misconduct Turnkeys, to receive
ets me to consider
"I have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your Lordship's despati of June, with reference to Mr. Administrator AUSTIN's report of the 11th of Ap of the Tnkeys in the Hongkong Gaol, and in reply to his suggestion that salaries of £100 a year each, might be obtained from England, your Lordship instru of £150 a year the expediency of getting two trained Warders from the Home service, at salaries- each, to be on an equality with the officer now styled Head Turnkey; to weed out from class of Turnkeys the most unsatisfactory members of the class, and to employ some trus as Assistant Turnkeys under strict European supervision.
"I am enabled to reply to your Lordship's despatch without delay, as I had already considered the necessary information on the subject, and decided, as a provisional measure course your Lordship indicates.
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the present тут Chinese
"From the enclosed copies of letters from the Acting Superintendent of the Prison, recomi the dismissal of certain European Turnkeys who had been guilty of drunkenness in the gaol and. prisoners, and my minutes agreeing to this recommendation, and further dismissing another Ti Tɩ who had recently committed a third assault on a prisoner, your Lordship will see that, at the June and beginning of July, some vacancies in this class had been created, and that I proposed them up with well-conducted men who could speak Chinese. Accordingly; I instructed the A Captain Superintendent of Police, Mr. CREACH, to report how far he could recommend the employ as Turnkeys of four Chinese policemen or other Chinese. Mr. CREAGH named three men who borne excellent characters in his Department, a Chinese Sergeant Interpreter and two Ch Constables. He also recommended, looking to the temptation they might be exposed to in pr that they should be called upon to give large security; and he added that the three men he selected were willing to find security to the extent of $500 each.
"With a view of obtaining more information, and as an additional precaution, I directed CREAGH's report, and the various minutes and papers, to be sent to Mr. HAYLLAR, Queen's Cov who had been so useful as Chairman of the Commission that reported, in 1872, on the organizati the Police.
"Acting on the Report of that Commission, and on the evidence of such high authorities as LEGGE and Sir EDMUND HORNBY, my predecessor had taken the important step of extensive employing Chinese in the Police Force.
"It is due to Sir ARTHUR KENNEDY to say that he had found the Hongkong Police a very indifferent force, and that he left it vastly improved. He frequently expressed the opinion that its increased efficiency was mainly to be attributed to his having carried out Mr. HAYLLAR'S recommend- ation of recruiting the bulk of the force from Chinese. I, therefore, caused the papers on the Gaol staff to be sent to the same gentleman, with a request that he would favour the Government with his views as to the employment of Chinese Turnkeys in the prison; and I have the honour to lay his Report before your Lordship.