1020 THE HONGKONG GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, 30TH OCTOBER, 1886.
ARTICLE VII.
Articles from newspapers or periodicals published in any of the countries of the Union may be reproduced in original or in translation, unless the authors or publishers have expressly forbidden it. For periodicals it is sufficient if the prohibition is made in a general manner at the beginning of each number of the periodical.
This prohibition cannot in any case apply to articles of political discusssion, or to the reproduction of news of the day or current topics.
ARTICLE VIII.
As regards the liberty of extracting portions from literary or artistic works for use in publications destined for educational or scientific purposes, or for chrestomathies, the matter is to be decided by the legislation of the different countries of the Union, or by special arrangements existing or to be con- cluded between them.
ARTICLE IX.
The stipulations of Article II apply to the public representation of dramatic or dramatico-musical works, whether such works be published or not.
Authors of dramatic or dramatico-musical works, or their legal representatives, are, during the existence of their exclusive right of translation, equally protected against the unauthorized public representation of translations of their works.
The stipulations of Article II apply equally to the public performance of unpublished musical works, or of published works in which the author has expressly declared on the title-page or commence- ment of the work that he forbids the public performance.
ARTICLE X.
Unauthorized indirect appropriations of a literary or artistic work, of various kinds such as. adaptations, arrangements of music, &c., are specially included amongst the illicit reproductions to which the present Convention applies, when they are only the reproduction of a particular work, in the same form, or in another form, with non-essential alterations, additions, or abridgments, so made as not to confer the character of a new original work.
It is agreed that, in the application of the present Article, the Tribunals of the various countries of the Union will, if there is occasion, conform themselves to the provisions of their respective laws.
ARTICLE XI.
In order that the authors of works protected by the present Convention shall, in the absence of proof to the contrary, be considered as such, and be consequently admitted to institute proceedings against pirates before the Courts of the various countries of the Union, it will be sufficient that their name be indicated on the work in the accustomed manner.
For anonymous or pseudonymous works, the publisher whose name is indicated on the work is entitled to protect the rights belonging to the author. He is, without other proof, reputed the legal representative of the anonymous or pseudonymous author.
It is, nevertheless, agreed that the Tribunals may, if necessary, require the production of a certi- ficate from the competent authority to the effect that the formalities prescribed by law in the country of origin have been occomplished, as contemplated in Article II.
ARTICLE XII.
Pirated works may be seized on importation into those countries of the Union where the original work enjoy legal protection.
The seizure shall take place conformably to the domestic law of each State.
ARTICLE XIII.
It is understood that the provisions of the present Convention cannot in any way derogate from the right belonging to the Government of each country of the Union to permit, to control, or to pro- hibit, by measures of domestic legislation or police, the circulation, representation, or exhibition of works or productions in regard to which the competent authority may find it necessary to exercise that right.
ARTICLE XIV.
any
Under the reserves and conditions to be determined by common agreement, the present Con- vention applies to all works which at the moment of its coming into force have not yet fallen into the public domain in the country of origin.
* See paragraph 4 Final Protocol.