帳項附註 Notes on the Accounts
HKF
1 主要會計政策(續)
(f)
折舊
固定資產投資物業、長期租約的土地、待 發展物業及酒店物業除外)的折舊乃按下列 年率在估計可用年期內以直線法撇銷其成 本:
中期及短期租約的土地
以租約所餘年期攤銷
樓宇
以40年或租約所餘年期
小輪及其他船舶
機器、傢俬及其他固定資產 4至10年
(取較短者)攤銷 8至30年
由於採用了會計實務準則第17章第73節的 過渡性安排,長期租約的土地沒有計算 銷。
(g)
存貨及在製品
i)
貿易存貨及以成本及可變現淨值兩者中 較低者入帳。成本包括以加權平均法計 算的物料成本。可變現淨值是參考貨物 在結算日後日常業務過程中出售所得的 收入來厘定。
ii) 零備件及易耗品以成本減任何陳舊準備
入帳。
Principal accounting policies (continued)
1
(1)
(g)
iii) 在製品按成本入帳,其中包括物料、直 接工資及開支,加上間接生產費用的適 當部份,扣除已知的虧損及應收的工程 造價。工程所賺的利潤,祇於工程完成 時才入帳。
(h)
投资
(h)
長期投資成本列帳,並根據董事會對其 價值所估計之永久性減值作出準備。
(i)
外幣伸算
(i)
本年度内外幣交易以交易日的匯率伸算為 港幣。以外幣結算的貨幣性資產及負債以 結算日的匯率伸算為港幣。所有外幣伸算 的損益,俱列入損益表內。
Depreciation
Depreciation is provided at rates calculated to write off the cost of fixed assets other than investment properties, land held on long term leases, properties held for development and hotel properties over their estimated useful lives on a straight line basis as follows:-
Land held on medium
and short term leases
Buildings
Ferry vessels and other
crafts
Machinery, furniture and
other fixed assets
Over the unexpired terms
of the leases
40 years or over the
unexpired terms of the leases, if shorter
8 to 30 years
4 to 10 years
Advantage has been taken of the transitional arrangements under paragraph 73 of SSAP17 such that no amortisation of land held on long term leases is made.
Stocks and work in progress
i) Trading stocks are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost includes the cost of materials computed using the weighted average method. Net realisable value is determined by reference to the sales proceeds of items sold in the ordinary course of business subsequent to the balance sheet date.
ii) Spare parts and consumables are stated at cost less
any provision for obsolescence.
iii) Work in progress is stated at cost, which includes cost of purchase of materials, direct labour and expenses and an appropriate proportion of production overheads, less any foreseeable losses and progress payments received and receivable to date. No profit is taken until the work is fully completed.
Investments
Investments held on a long-term basis are stated at cost, less provision for any permanent diminution in value estimated by the directors.
Translation of foreign currencies
Foreign currency transactions during the year are translated into Hong Kong dollars at the exchange rates ruling at the transaction dates. Monetary assets and liabilities in foreign currencies are translated into Hong Kong dollars at the exchange rates ruling at the balance sheet date. Exchange gains and losses on foreign currency translation are dealt with in the profit and loss
account.
(j)
遞延稅項
(j)
Deferred taxation
遞延稅項乃以負債方法計算因繳稅時差而 於可見之將來有相當可能變現之稅項負 擔。
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Deferred taxation is calculated under the liability method in respect of the taxation effect arising from all material timing differences which are expected with reasonable probability to crystallise in the foreseeable future.