exchanges of educational and scholarly information such as university publications and materials from libraries;
promoting the efficient implementation of such arrangements and pro- grammes by providing scholars, teachers and students in good time with more detailed information about their placing in universities and insti- tutes and the programmes envisaged for them; by granting them the opportunity to use relevant scholarly, scientific and open archival materials; and by facilitating their travel within the receiving State for the purpose of study or research as well as in the form of vacation tours on the basis of the usual procedures;
promoting a more exact assessment of the problems of comparison and equivalence of academic degrees and diplomas by fostering the exchange of information on the organisation, duration and content of studies, the comparison of methods of assessing levels of knowledge and academic qualifications, and, where feasible, arriving at the mutual recognition of academic degrees and diplomas either through governmental agree- ments, where necessary, or direct arrangements between universities and other institutions of higher learning and research;
recommending, moreover, to the appropriate international organisations that they should intensify their efforts to reach a generally acceptable solution to the problems of comparison and equivalence between academic degrees and diplomas.
(c) Science
Within their competence to broaden and improve co-operation and exchanges in the field of science, in particular:
To increase, on a bilateral or multilateral basis, the exchange and dissemina- tion of scientific information and documentation by such means as:
making this information more widely available to scientists and research workers of the other participating States through, for instance, participation in international information-sharing programmes or through other appro- priate arrangements;
broadening and facilitating the exchange of samples and other scientific materials used particularly for fundamental research in the fields of natural sciences and medicine;
inviting scientific institutions and universities to keep each other more fully and regularly informed about their current and contemplated research work in fields of common interest.
To facilitate the extension of communications and direct contacts between universities, scientific institutions and associations as well as among scientists and research workers, including those based where necessary on special agree- ments or arrangements, by such means as:
further developing exchanges of scientists and research workers and en- couraging the organisation of preparatory meetings or working groups on research topics of common interest;
encouraging the creation of joint teams of scientists to pursue research
47