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Microspore culture: A culture of pollen grains or other spores.
Monoclonal Antibodies: Highly specific antibodies derived from a single clone of a specific hybridoma cell, therefore of exactly the same type. They recognize only one site of an antigen.
Plasmid: A small self-replicating DNA ring occurring in some cells of bacteria separate from the bacterial chromosome. A plasmid can serve as acceptor of foreign DNA and is used to insert foreign genes in genetic engineering.
Protoplast: A plant cell whose wall has been removed by mechanical or enzymatic means. "Protoplast Fusion" is the induced or spontaneous union between two or more protoplasts. "Protoplast Regeneration" is the growing of a plantlet starting from a protoplast culture.
Restriction Enzymes: A group of enzymes that catalyze the cleavage of DNA, each at a highly specific site.
RFLP: Restriction fragment length polymorphism is a term describing the variation in DNA fragment sizes cut by restriction enzymes. The technique is accessory to the construction of gene maps, which can be useful in breeding.
Transgenic Plants or Animals: Plants or animals containing in their genomes one or more inserted genes of another, sometimes unrelated, species.
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