7
public security
Labor
during
State
labor
authorities
Re-education
to detain an individual for
(勞動教養 ). In the summer of 1957,
the extremely repressive Anti-Rightist Campaign, the
Council passed the "Decision on Questions concerning
Re-education"
which authorized the
Ministries to
take
國務院關於勞動教養問題的决定
Public Security and Civil Affairs
into 'shelter' and impose labor
re-education on persons found to be among four socially reprensible groups. In summary, these consisted of persons without employment or resisting employment who were associated with petty crime or minor counter-revolutionary or anti-socialist activities. In 1960 the State Council
supplemented this legislation with a directive authorizing the public security authorities to use 'shelter' as a coercive measure for the investigation of persons suspected
of being "transient law-breakers" ( 流竄 ).
By the late 1970's, in the aftermath of the Cultural Revolution, Shelter and Investigation and Labor Re-education had emerged as two distinct police powers. In 1980 а State Council circular directed that Shelter and Investigation should be used for persons involved in minor illegal conduct who are suspected of involvement in gangs
transient law breaking. This edict was
or
habitual or
supplemented
manner
by a 1985 circular of the Public Security Ministry which stated that the purpose of Shelter and Investigation is the rigorous control of those suspected of transient law breaking or those who act in an illegal and do not provide their true names or addresses or do not explain their backgrounds. According to commentators writing in Law Science Monthly, the scope of Shelter and Investigation contained in Public Security Ministry's circular is an unauthorised amendment of superior legislation. (2) Nonetheless it is
throughout
otherwise
Chinese
expanded
the
in
use by public security units
China.
སྟང་་་་་་
! ས་་
- - 'זי
པགས་སླང པ 1:ཡམས ོ8m་་་་་