- 31
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the bulk of permitted teachers are non-graduates with minimal
academic qualifications and no teaching qualification, concentrated
in the private sector: hence the high proportions of untrained non-
graduates in private primary schools (78.8 per cent) and private
independent secondary schools (82.7 per cent). (It may be assumed
that virtually all of these non-graduates are permitted teachers.
or are in the process of applying for permits, though possibly a
small number of them will be teaching illegally.) The small number
of untrained non-graduates in the government and aided primary and
secondary schools (341 teachers in March 1980, or 1.9 per cent of
the non-graduate teaching force in this sector) consists in the
main of experienced teachers of subjects in which teacher-training
courses were not available when they qualified (e.g. typewriting) or
of subjects in which trained teachers are relatively difficult to
obtain (e.g. religious knowledge). The proportion of untrained
non-graduates in private non-profit-making secondary schools
(30.9 per cent) is not small (but is far less than that in private
independent secondary schools). Arrangements have been made for
these teachers to undergo in-service training in the colleges of
education and the schools concerned are not allowed to recruit
any more unqualified teachers.
2.46
A distinction needs to be drawn here between "qualified"
and "trained" teachers. Qualifications are as set out in the First
and Second Schedules and may or may not include formal training
hence a qualified teacher may be untrained, as many indeed are.
Generally, university graduates become qualified for registration
by virtue of their degree, whereas non-graduates become qualified