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E/CN.4/1503
Annex I page 9
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28. The international effort, in which expertise, commodities and funds came to be contributed also by the Economic Com- mission for Africa, European Economic Community, International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, USAID, UNESCO and IAEA, not only sought to avert immediate disaster but recog- nized the need for longer-term machinery and modalities to ensure the sub-region's medium- and long-term recovery and rehabilitation.
In addition to the work mounted by the Permanent Inter-State Committee to forestall further recur- rences of drought, an FAO survey financed by Sweden in 1974 was undertaken with a view to drawing up a long-term strategy and a programme for protection, restoration and development of the Sahelian Zone. In line with the findings of the study and the recommendations of multi-donor missions to the area organized by OSRO, international assistance continued to be given to the area, although the immensity of the needs meant that not all of them could be fully met. It would for example take years before the depleted herds could be built up to their pre-1972 strength. After two years of satisfactory rains, a further rain shortfall in 1977 caused a sufficiently serious situation to arise for a new programme of emergency assistance to be mounted. OSRO, which had continued to act as focal point, and UNSO (to be designated by UNDP/UNEP in mid-1978 as the UN mechanism to assist the 15 countries of the Sudano-Sahelian region in the implementation of the long-term Plan of Action to Combat Desertification) again played vital roles in the emerg- ency action.
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29.
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CHILE (THE REPUBLIC OF)
The military coup which on 11 September 1973 overthrew the coalition government of President Salvador Allende put in langer both former members and supporters of the Allende Government and those foreign nationals thought to number some 15 000 who had gone to Chile as refugees. Under the state of war
immediately proclaimed (to be replaced by a state of siege, which was to last three years), the military government of General Augusto Pinochet implemented policies found by representatives of organizations concerned with human rights to violate many provisions of international human rights instruments.