E/CN.4/1503 page 38
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con-
81.
and
78. Thus the inability of many governments to create ditions in which the population as a whole can expect to enjoy the economic, quite apart from civil and political rights social and cultural rights set out in the Declaration of Human Rights and the international Covenants, may be better under-
stood.
It is
in fact worth noting that the overwhelming majority of countries from which mass exodus has occurred in the 1970s have not acceded to either the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights or the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights or Optional Protocol to
the latter Covenant. They may not see their way to signing
assure themselves that they have a fair abide by their provisions.
until they are able to chance of being able to
+
79. Furthermore, it is surely no coincidence that of the 36 countries in the World Bank's low-income category, two thirds
have either produced or have received refugees in the course of the 1970s 12 in each category. Nor is it any wonder that
there have
have been such frequent calls upon the international
community to help, or
numerous inter-agency missions have recommended that the question of refugee assistance should viewed in the broader perspective of development aid.
80. Over and above the "push factors" and the context in which they can be viewed, are what have increasingly been called "pull factors" incentives to leave the home country exerted from outside. These can be briefly summarized thus.
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