TRANSPORT DEMAND
The forecasts for air services were translated into ground traffic forecasts using the travel mode data from both the Lantau Bridge Traffic Study and the 1973-1974 Air Transport System Study, although modifying assump. tions were made about the diversity of transport modes. The objective of the transport forecast was to determine the necessary circulation systems and transport interfaces at the airport facilities. The design day person trips to and from the airport are summarized in Figure 4.
NUMBER OF PERSON TRIPS
The comparatively remote location of the airport site with respect to the Kowloon and Hong Kong urban
30,000
25,000
20,000
15,000
10.000
5.000
LEBEND
AIA PASSENGERS
EMPLOYEES
AIR CARGO
WELL WISHER
OTHER
centres will encourage the use of efficient high-capacity transport. Private automobiles, taxis, and hotel cars will continue to be used; however, public buses, public light buses, employee special-purpose buses, and particularly express airport coach services will provide most of the transport services. These vehicular modes will undoubt- edly be supplemented by high-speed ferry services (for passengers), conventional ferries (for employees), heli- copters, and perhaps a light rail line.
The distribution of airport trips derived from the air traffic forecasts and employee estimates was classified by transport mode in conformity with the previous studies. The design day vehicle trips to the airport are summarized in Figure 5.
NUMBER OF VEHICLE TRIPS
15,000
10.000
5.00€
LEGEMO
| AIB PASSENGERS
| ANG WELL WIBKERS
EMPLOYEES
AIR CARGO
BUSINESS
OTHER
THE PILOT AIRPORT PLAN
Before examining the pilot scheme from specific view- points, it is worthwhile to take a general look at the rationale for its selection.
The Consultants were instructed that the objective of the airport was to provide for all of the air transport systems needs of Hong Kong until the planning horizon of 1995, and as far beyond that time as can reasonably be expected. Based on forecast demand for air services, the airport would, therefore, have to serve 24.5 million annual passenger movements and nearly 1.2 million tonnes of cargo throughput-generating about 153,000 movements on the runway system in the design year. Only a few air terminals now experience traffic levels of this magnitude. However, it must be noted that the air transport system of the 1980s will be a markedly different system from that of the 1970s.
The task of developing a suitable airport layout had to be performed within the constraints of the terrain surround- ing the site, the need to reduce land reclamation, and the requirement to plan an economically feasible airport, all within the context of the changing nature of the air transport system. These constraints limited the variety of configurations that could be explored. At least two runways would be required at some point, and in future years, they would have to be operated with a degree of independence. As the studies proceeded, it became evident that it would be advantageous to develop a scheme that could be staged in its development so that a single runway could be constructed in the early phase of development capable of traffic acceptance rates well beyond those possible at Kai Tak. Future expansion decisions could then be deferred.
The Consultants and the CAD together explored an extensive series of alternative layouts during the joint working sessions. Figures 6 and 7 (next pages) illustrate the range of options examined in the first two sessions. In the end, a selection rationale was applied to several alternatives using numerous weighted and ranked criteria. The scheme selected by the CAD at the close of the second working session was modified and further devel- oped in the final phases of the Consultancy.
€
&
PRIVATE
HOTEL VAN.
CAK
TAXI &
PUBLIC 833
HIRE CAR
PUBLIC LIGHT BUS
SOODS SPECIAL SPECIAL VEHICLE PURPOSE AIRPORT BUS TRANSIT
CAR
PRIVATE HOTEL VAN,
TAXI & HIRE CAR
PUBLIC BUS
PUBLIC LIGHT BUS
GODOS
SPECIAL VEHICLE PURPOSE AIRPORT BUS TRAKSIT
SPECIAL
8
Figure 4 - Design Day Person Trips
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Figure 5 - Design Day Vehicle Trips
9
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