n 2
balances and plant capacities, are summarised in Table 2. Local demands are more or less met with the exception of a deficit in LDO, and a requirement for import of all the motor spirit. The large surplus of LDF could be reduced by some 300 kta, if catalytic reforming were installed to meet motor spirit demand. Comparison of Scheme with 1985 demands in Table 3 shows export surpluses for the post- 1985 'commissioning' period. No sulphur problems are anticipated for this scheme.
2. A simpler, low cost refinery would be required if it can be
assumed that there will be no restriction on PSFO pour point. In this case PSFO demand could be met by processing Taching, and BUNKERS pour point (70°F max) could be met without dewaxing and with little give-away in sulphur content, or use of excessive diluent, by processing Persian Gulf crudes. Accordingly, Scheme B has been developed to specifically meet BUNKERS quality/demand from Kuwait crude, and PSFO from Taching. Material balances and plant capacities are indicated in Table 2. Fuel oil quality estimates are given in Table 4. Less crude is required than for Scheme A with a corresponding increase in middle distillate deficit and a decrease in LDF surplus. Reliance on catalytic dewaxing is significantly decreased over A, since it is no longer required to meet FO quality. In common with Scheme A, catalytic dewaxing of gas oil will be needed to enable light diesel oil quality to be met. Our present scarce information on Taching crude indicates that the ATK fraction will have a freezing-point in the range -35 to -40°C, which is higher than the Jet Fuel specification of -50°C max assumed. Therefore, it is probable that kerosine dewaxing will be necessary to meet ATK/DPK quality in schemes A & B. Catalytic dewaxing could be used for this although further development work by BP on this application would be desirable. An alternative would be to reduce the make of ATK to only that produced from the Kuwait crude, and force disposal of Taching kerosine into the gas oil product pool.
3.
·
Table 3 shows significant deficits of LPG, Mogas and middle distillates compared to 1985, although MDO and fuel oils are in surplus.
Reliance on catalytic dewaxing can be eliminated by processing sufficient Persian Gulf crude with Taching to avoid freezing- point problems with ATK and pour point problems with LDO and fuel oils. Scheme C (Table 2) shows that only ca 11%wt of Taching can be included with Kuwait in the crude slate at the specification maximum pour-point of the fuel oil product pool. Merox treatment is introduced to meet ATK quality from Kuwait components. Production fits 1990 local demand well, apart from the Mogas deficit and LDF surplus. However, LDO & MDO sulphur contents exceed specifications (ie 1.0 and 1.8%wt respectively) indicating that hydrofining is needed. This opens the way for inclusion of catalytic reforming to supply Mogas and hydrogen, and reduce the surplus LDF. Note that the overall surplus over 1985 demands is greatest for Scheme C (Table 3).
2.