CONFIDENTIAL **
9.9
Labour disputes involving trade unions or unorganised workers which cannot be settled by conciliation may be referred by the Minister of Labour and Manpower to a separate court, the Industrial Court, for determination. The industrial Court comprises a President and three Chairmen (all appointed by the King), and three Panels consisting of employers, workers and inde,endent persons (all appointed by the rinister of Labour and Manpower). As soon as the case has been referred to the industrial Court, all industrial action must cease. The slow working of the Industrial Court has been heavily criticised by the Malaysian Trades Union Congress (MTUC).
9.10
in the case of a dispute involving public employees, the approval of the agong (the King, or the State Sultan must be obtained (in respect of Federal or State employees respectively, before they can go on strike or before any such dispute can be referred to the Industrial Court for arbitration.
9.11
Another measure taken by the Malaysian Government to improve labour and management relations was the publication in 1975 of a Code of Conduct for Industrial Harmony The Code exhorts managements and unions to recognise the human relations aspects of industrial relations and covers subjects such as responsibilities at various levels of an establishment, employment policy, collective bargaining, communications and consultation. Standing Committee has been formed under the Chairmanship of the Minister of Labour and Manpower to undertake appropriate measures to secure compliance with the Code.
The Philippines
9.12
Labour relations are generally peaceful under martial law. A total of 91 strikes were called in 1976 with almost all disputes settled before the planned dates of the strikes. The Philippine Government is determined to restructure the labour movement in the country on the basis
trade
The change
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