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reason for such exemptions is usually the difficulty of
effective enforcement.
Exemptions in the case of industrial work are permitted
in several countries where, for reasons of family poverty, work permits are granted to children below basic minimum age. In some countries undertakings smaller than a specified size are exempt from the regulations. In Ethiopia, India, Iran, Kuwait, Lebanon, and Nigeria, for instance, the definition of "industrial undertakings" does not cover home industries, or
those with less than a certain number of employees, or industries using only simple forms of power. Other exclusions are employment in family undertaking, or home work performed in certain circumstances. In most cases the exclusion is
limited to undertakings in which only members of the same family are employed, or to those in which only members of the employer's family are employed.
Many exceptions are allowed in the case of non-industrial work, especially for "light work". Types of work regarded as "light" include selling or delivering newspapers, running erramis, sales or delivery work in stores, messenger work, shining shoes, domestic service, gardening and drying fish, as long as attendance at school, and health, well-being and
morals of children are not affected. Other exclusions per- mitted by the Conventions and commonly found in national legis-
lation are establishments in which only members of the employer's family are employed, domestic work in the family by members of that family and work in technical or pro-
fessional schools.