week. In addition to establishing maximum daily hours, regulations limit overtime and provide for weekly rest days and rest periods for women and young persons. (See also paragraph 24 below).
7. There are, as in Britain, no legal restrictions on hours of work for men. Most men employed in industry work between 8 and 10 hours a day and many cotton-spinning mills and large weaving factories operate on the basis of three 8-hour shifts. Government employees and those in concerns operating on western lines work 8 hours. A rest period of one hour a day is customary.
8. Young people aged 14 and 15 may work a maximum of 8 hours a day in industry with a break of one hour after five hours continuous work. Children under the age of 14 are prohibited from working in industry, licensed premises, dangerous trades and ships; no woman (but see exception below) or young person is allowed to work at night or underground. (The enforcement of legislation relating to the employment of children is dealt with at paragraph 19 below).
9. Because of a continuing shortage of labour, a few large factories engaged in cotton spinning were authorised in 1970 to employ women at night. This permission was restricted to those undertakings able to comply with stringent conditions and has been the subject of close inspection. This experimental concession is reviewed at yearly intervals. It affects only about 700 women and 17 factories.
III. Trade Unions and Industrial Relations
The Trade Union Movement
10.
With the exception of a small neutral and independent segment, most workers' unions are either affiliated to, or associated with, one of two local federations which are registered as societies and bear allegiance to opposing political groups.
These federations are the Federation of Trade Unions (FTU) and the Trades Union Council (TUC).
11.
The FTU, the stronger of the two, is left-wing and is communist controlled. It supports China. Most of the members of its 65 affiliated unions are concentrated in the shipyards, textile mills, public utilities, printing trades, seafaring and western-type hotels. A further 23 unions, nominally independent, are friendly towards the FTU and participate in its activities. 12. The TUC is right-wing and pro-Taiwan. It is affiliated
to the ICFTU and two of the International Trade Secretariats associated with the ICFTU have full-time representatives in Hong Kong: the International Textile, Leather and Garment Workers' Federation and the International Metalworkers' Federation
5.
/Most of