landscaped office which was taken and costed as if the space were divided up in the traditional manner with smaller offices and connecting corridors. The landscaped treatment included Heuga felt carpet, illuminated and acoustical- ly treated ceilings, insulation to walls and drapes to windows. Furnishing included plants, acoustic screens and appropriate fumiture. The specifica- tion for the traditional office was set at PVC flooring, suspended ceiling, plaster and painted walls, drapes to windows, partitions, standard lighting and appropriate furniture.
The figures came out to be:
No. Cost
Sq. ft. Total of
рет per cost persons person person Landscaped US$
US$ scheme 77,683.2 112 693.6 100 Traditional 62,208
80 777.6
140
scheme
Thus while the cost of providing the same total area is less, with the traditional scheme, such is the wastage of space that very many fewer people can be accommodated. In fact the real cost, that is the cost per person, works out to be US$777.6 in the case of the traditional treatment compared with US$693.6 in the other one.
Some case histories
giving a total air change of 10.
Sun shading: internal venetian blinds.
Acoustics: general sound level (ground floor) approximately 49 DBA. First floor approximately 54 DBA. Fire protection: an alarm released by smoke and temperature detectors direct to fire station.
Plants: 210 floor standing pot
plants.
Lighting: 4,135 fluorescent lamps of 40W each to give 1,000 lux at work- ing level.
The cost of the building: US$1.2 million total. US$3,408 per work station. About US$31.2 per sq.ft.
Osram GMBH Munich This is the head office of the company located not far from the city centre. The landscaping treatment does not include top management. Between five and eight individual rooms are pro- vided on each floor to cover the needs of directors, managers, secretaries, meetings, laboratories and demonstr ations.
Number of floors: 5.
Total number of people involved: 800.
Net office area per floor: 21,000 sq.ft. (about 78 per cent of the whole).
· Other areas per floor: 5,900 sq.ft. (about 22 per cent of the whole).
Landscaped area per floor: 18,000
Orrestein and Koppel - Dortmund This is the head office of a manufac turing company. Landscaping covers virtually all personnel, including_the_sq.ft. directors responsible for sales, finance and engineering. Separate rooms are provided only for large conferences, board meetings and service needs. The bare facts of the landscaping treatment are as follows.
Date of occupation, February, 1965.
Ground and first floors only hous- ing 160 and 170 people respectively. Area per floor approximately 2,200 sq.ft.
Building 200ft. by 125ft. by 60ft. high (other floors housing service areas lie below ground-floor level).
Average area per work station (exc- luding cloaks, restrooms, etc.) 110 sq.ft.
Height to underside of louvered ceiling, 10ft.
company at Minneapolis. As one might expect, it is a 'total electric' project. It is not a landscaped project in the con- ventional sense; no attempt has been made to soften' in the interiors through the use of carpets, plants and decorative screens.
Building: 227ft. long, 130ft. wide and 131ft. high.
Gross area: 330,000 sq.ft.
Wall construction: brick and plas- ter with styrofoam filling. U value of 0.1.
Windows: double glazing in alu- minium frame. Outer pane of heat ab- sorbing glass.
Design temperatures: -20 deg. F winter. 95 deg. F summer.
Design humidity: 30 per cent RH winter, 50 per cent RH summer.
Lighting: fluorescent generally with incandescent lamps in ground floor selling area; illumination levels of the order of 2,000 lux. Electric load- ing 7W per sq.ft.
Heating: zonal central heating system using air handling troffers moving 1 c.f.m. per sq.ft.
Connected
load: lighting 2,000kVA; heating 2,283kVA.
The British Petroleum Company Ltd., Harlow, UK.
This is an office building located in the open country. Landscaping was not adopted in any deliberate pioneering sense. The views of people and the functioning of departments were all
Separate offices per floor: 2,100 considered before the decision was taken to go ahead. There are very few individual offices.
sq.ft.
structural frame
Construction: with curtain walling.
Windows: aluminium frame with double glazing.
Sun shading: outdoor aluminium venetian blinds.
Building: 70,000 sq.ft.
People: 70/80 in each open plan area with 115 sq.ft. per person.
Windows: aluminium frame con- struction from floor to ceiling.
Lighting: 1,000 lux using two and three lamp recessed fluorescent fittings complete with cross baffles.
Building: 165ft, by 165ft. by 90ft. Sound level is 50 DBA.
Acoustic treatment: carpets, sound- absorbent ceiling panels, and absor bent finishes on movable screens.
high.
Air conditioning: combination of induction units at the periphery and low velocity "conventional over the in- terior. Air inlet is via slots between perforated ceiling panels; air extract via slots in the lighting fittings.
Spacing of electric supply outlets:
Spacing of electric supply outlets, 6ft 6in. 8ft. 3in.
Air conditioning a combination of induction units at windows and low velocity conventional in the internal
zones.
Air delivery: 35,000 cu. ft. per min
Far East BUILDER, December 1970
Landscaping: plants maintained on a contract basis.
Northern States Power Company, Min- eapolis, USA
Electric supply: in floor grid on 4ft. 6in. centres.
Lighting: 650 to 750 lux via fluore- scent fittings mounted on the suspend- ed ceiling. Light control is by low brightness aluminium louvers.
Air conditioning: induction units under windows and a dual du ct system in the internal zones. Air dis- tribution in the central zones is by cir- cular diffusers.
-
Design conditions: outdoor wint- er 30 deg. F, summer 82 deg. F; in- door winter 68 deg. F, summer 72
This is the headquarters of the power deg. F and 50 per cent RH.
25