Summary of Units
Floor slabs span in the longitu- dinal direction of the building. The vertical load is carried down to the foundations through the cross-walls. Facade panels are suspended on brac- kets at the ends of the cross-walls and facade joints are sealed with neo- prene.
Stability towards horizontal forces (wind bracing) is created by the cross- walls and by some heavy walls in the longitudinal direction in the middle of the building.
Foundations and basements are cast in situ in the traditional way, but there are no theoretical difficulties in indus- trialising this part of the job too.
The floor slabs are reinforced con- crete: thickness: 18 cm.; maximum span, 5.50 metres. Maximum width 2.50 metres with a view to the trans-
portation. Provided with cylindrical holes (diam. 11 cm. c-c 15 cm.), par- allel to span.
Cross-walls crete, in principle not reinforced, though reinforcement is used, of course, around door openings. Thick- ness 15 cm. Wooden door-frames are cast in at the factory. The door- frames are already painted when plac- ed in the mould. During transport and erection of the panel, the door- frames are protected by a plastic ex- trusion. Plastic tubes for electrical wiring and boxes for switches are cast in the panel.
(load-bearing): Con-
Partitions: Concrete, 6 cm. thick. Light partitions of special gypsum plates are also used.
Facade panels: Concrete "sand- wich" panels, consisting of an exterior skin of concrete with the finish ready- made from the factory, an insulation layer of polystyrene or rockwool, and
neoprene
watertight wasserdicht
Fig. 6. Face joint
windtight winddicht
Far East Architect & Builder August, 1966
Fig. 5. Cast-in tiles are used as a finish on this block in West Germany
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山口
線
ELL
an interior skin of concrete.
The ex- terior and interior skin are connected with galvanized or stainless steel wires. Wooden window frames are cast in the facade panels, and the windows are provided with glass before being discharged from the factory.
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Stairs: Flights and landings of re- inforced concrete, with terrazzo p.v.c. flooring, are delivered from the factory. The landings are supported by concrete brackets on load-bearing walls; neoprene plates are inserted be- tween landing and brackets. Flights are only supported by landings, and thus an effective sound-insulation (against sound of steps) is obtained.
Roof construction: There is по standard roof construction. A sad- dle-roof may be applied, covered with roofing felt or tiles. A flat roof, made of ordinary slabs, covered with polys- tyrene plates and roofing felt is the best solution from the industrial point of view.
Moulds: All panels and slabs are produced in horizontal moulds. In each mould a unit is produced every 24 hours. In Europe, the factory halls are heated during the night to obtain the necessary strength of con- crete for stripping the panels and slabs.
Steam curing is not used because of the various wooden parts cast in the units. After stripping, the panels are stored in an open-air stock-pile for at least a fortnight. The production capacity of the Copenhagen factory is: Housing 120,000 metric tons per year (corresponding to 2.000 flats a year .e. 8 flats a day); and industrial schemes: 50,000 metric tons per year.
Transportation: Floor slabs are transported in a horizontal position on
SAE - GSA AA
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normal lorries. Facade and wall panels are transported vertically from the moment of stripping.
Erection: Generally rubber-tyred mobile cranes are used for erection. Such a crane can erect two or three flats per working day (eight hours). Immediately after the erection has taken place, all joints are grouted (ex- cept the facade joints).
Finish: Facade and wall panels are not plastered, as the surface of the concrete is even and smooth enough to permit painting or wall-papering directly. Cupboards, etc. for the kitchens and elsewhere in the flats are painted and ready for mounting,
TAPRILIA
Fig. 7. Bathroom unit equipped and fin- ished before placing
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