FEDERATED MALAY STATES
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and many other public buildings have been constructed, and important schemes carried out. The principal sources of revenue are the alluvial tin deposits, and the plantation rubber industry, the country producing one-third of the world's supply of rubber. Tin has been worked in the Malay States for centuries and the F. M. S. have been for many years now the largest producers of tin ore in the world. The deposits worked are for the most. part alluvial but the country also possesses lode deposits.
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Planting enterprise in the Federated Malay States for many years had not proved very successful, but the introduction of rubber cultivation completely transformed the agricultural prospects of the country. The area under rubber at the end of 1936 was 4,576,410 acres. Over 250,027 acres of land are under coconuts, for which the soil and climate of these States are peculiarly well suited, and the cultivation of rice has been very inuch encouraged by the construction of vast irrigation works. The success of every form of agriculture and of all the efforts of the Government to develop the country by means of railways, irrigation, and other great public works, depends upon an adequate supply of labour. The Governments of the Colony and of the Federated Malay States, supported by the planters, have succeeded in securing an adequate supply of Indian labour, by a new system of recruiting and by offering higher wages and other advantages. An Agricultural Department to foster agricul- tural interests, to encourage the cultivation of new products, to conduct experiments, and to be a general source of information for planters, is doing.
useful work.
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In the Federated Malay States there are approximately 65,465 children attending English and Malay Schools conducted or supported by the Govern- ment. In addition to these schools there are a number of Chinese and Tamil vernacular schools which are either Government aided, or under private management..
In the three western States there is a law compelling the attendance of Malay children who live within reasonable distance of a school. In recent years there has been an increased demand by Malays for vernacular and English
education.
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The total area of the Federation is 27,540 square miles, with a population at the end of 1936 of 1,887,150. The principal towns are Kuala Lumpur (Sel.), pop. 118,521; Ipoh (Pk.), 56,915; Taiping (Pk.), 33,687; Seremban (N.S.), 24,323; and Kuala Zipis (Sel.), 4,388.
DIRECTORY
:
THE RULERS
H.H. the Sultan of Perak-Paduka Sri Sultan Iskandar Shah, G.C.M.G.,. K.C.V.o.
ibni al-Marhum Sultan Idris Rahmat-u'llahı Shah
H.H. the Sultan of Selangor H.H. Sultan Ala'idin Sulaiman Shah, G.C.M.G., ibni
al-Marhum Raja Muda Musa
H.H. the Yang di Pertuan Besar of Negri Sembilan-H.H. Tuanku Abdul Rahman,
K.C.M.G., ibni al-Marhum Tuanku Muhammad
H.H. the Sultan of Pahang-H.H. Abu Baker Ri'ayatu'd-Din al-Mu'adzdzam
Shah, C.M.G., K.C.M.G., ibni al-Marhum al-Mu'tasim Billah al-Sultan Abdu'llah