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NANKING
British and American Consulates were opened in 1900, and since then a Japanese Consulate has also been established. A grand industrial exhibition --the first of its kind in China-was held in 1910, the principal buildings
arts,
being devoted to liberal arts,untries a model hospital and an arsenai. A
exhibits from
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second industrial exhibition was held in October, 1921, containing over 10,000 exhibits classified in 10 departments. The most remarkable exhibits were those displayed in the Agricultural and Forestry Section.
a graphic demonstration and at the same time an object--lesson to the Chinese visitors the results that can be obtained when farming and afforestation are conducted on scientific lines. In another section the great variety of well-imitated foreign articles marked the growing desire of the Chinese for the development of modern industrialism in their country. The local authorities, realising the far-reaching educational value of such an institution to both producers and consumers, decided to transform it into a permanent Industrial Museum. Nanking was the scene of much fighting in the revolutionary compaign during October and November, 1911. The whole city was occupied by the revolutionaries in the early days of December, the Tartar City was sacked and burnt, and Nanking became the seat of the Provisional Government with Dr. Sun Yat-sen as President. Here the Republican Constitution was drawn up and promualgted, and the Revolutionary leaders sought to make Nanking the capital of the Republic. In July, 1913, a military outbreak occurred which rapidly developed into an armed rebellion against the Central 'Government, and from the 15th August until the 1st September the city until it capitulated to the Government troops, was under a severe bombardment. All of Hsia-kuan was burnt, and Nanking was looted. The city was made the seat of government by the Nationalists in 1927. The great event of 1929 was the burial of Dr. Sun Yat Sen in a magnificent mausoleum, specially con- structed for the body of the great leader on a slope of the Purple Mountain." In 1931 the Sun Yat Sen Memorial Park was developed by the construction of sports grounds, a stadium and a swimming pool.
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TRADE REPORT
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As the port of Nanking depends largely for its trade on the vast territory bordering on the Tientsin-Pukow and Lung-Hai Railways, peaceful conditions in that rich area are of paramount importance. The dislocation of railway traffic during the greater part of 1930, therefore, caused a serious set-back to trade, and merchandise was either held up en route or only brought down to Pukow at enormous expense, and coal for the railway had to be transported by sea from Shantung. Vessels flying the Chinese flag were requisitioned for military purposes, and it was a frequent occurrence that all wharves at: Pukow were occupied by military transports, leaving no available space for merchant- men to load or discharge, their cargo. Towards the end of the year strenuous efforts were made to effect the release of locomotives and wagons, and high hopes were entertained for the gradual restoration of passenger and goods traffic to normalcy. A National Silk Products Exposition, held under the auspices of the Ministry of industry and Commerce for the promotion of the native industry, was formally opened or the 10th May 1931. Towards the end of 1931 plans were completed for the proposed construction of the Nanking- Pukow train ferry and it is hoped that it will be completed by the end of 1932. Work commenced in October 1931 on the installation of a waterworks system for Nanking under the supervision of the National Reconstruction Commission of the Nanking Municipality. The Nanking Hangchow road was completed during 1931. The following air lines are now (1932) operating: Nanking Shanghai; Nanking-Kiukiang-Hankow-Ichang Chungking; Nanking Loyang Sianfu-Lanchow; Nanking-Peiping (via Loyang). Work is proceed- ing on the enlargement of the electric light works in Hsiakwan.
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The value of the trade of the port for the year 1931 was Hk. Tls. 27,653,689 as compared with Hk. Tls. 32,451,476 in 1930, Hk. Tls. 33,824,777 in 1929 and Hk. Tls. 20,298,1129 in 1928.
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