1930.
1931.
Hk. Tls. Hk. Tls.
211,423
218,170
5,100
4,463
27,831
11,364
Siam
Singapore, Straits, etc.
Dutch Indies.
British India
3,374
4,863
CHINA.
DIRECTION OF TRADE.
377
The following table shows the direction of China's foreign trade for the years 1930, and 1931 and her balance of trade in merchandise with each of the countries listed :-
COUNTRY.
Hongkong
Macao
French Indo-China
The Direction of China's Foreign Trade
In thousands of Haikwan taels (000 omitted)
NET IMPORTS.
EXPORTS.
1930. 1931.
1930. Excess of Imports. Exports. Hk. Tis. Hk. Tis.
..
1931. Excess of Imports. Exports. Hk. Tls. Hk. Tls.
69,858
Hk. Tls.
Hk. Tls.
158,018
148,312
53,405
4,022
3,575
1,078
888
3,882
2,394 23,949
8,970
..
5,554
5,031
2,180
168
8,831
8,390
19,177
15,916
10,346
7,526
47,450
54,201
11,707
12,987
35,743
41,214
132,093
84,989
Turkey, Persia, Egypt, Aden, etc..
16,953
18,118 115,140
66,871
: 1,865
Great Britain
Norway..
4,226
22,150
25,434
20,285
21,208
•
107,118
119,341
62,669
64,526
44,449
54,818
3,213
2,241
301
751
Sweden
2,909
1,490
4,164
Denmark
4,735
687
659
3,477
4,076
410
312
Germany
1,634
2,623
1,224
2,311
68,799
83,168
Netherlands
23,361
23,138
45,438
60,030
10,627
13,493
Belgo-Luxemburg Economie
41,944
49,528
34,317
36,035
Federation
27,401
30,259
4,533
France
4,074
22,868
26,185
16,758
21,420
42,700
34,111
Switzerland
25,942
12,691
2,695
4,266
89
142
Italy
2,606
:
4,124
14,648
19,383
9,332
8,746
Russia and Siberia
5,316
10,637
18,461
24,565
55,413
54,657
Korea
36,952
30,092
13,022
10,069
44,175
29,631
Japan (including Formosa)
31,153
19,562
322,303
290,386
216,555
264,956
105,748
Philippine Islands
25,430.
4,211
3,918
8,353
Canada
8,313
4,142
4,395
U.S. of America (incl. Hawaii) Cuba
13,488
22,572
3,491
3,736
9,997
18,836
231,653
Australia, New Zealand, etc. Other Countries
320,266 1,351
444 7,586 61,233 3,881
131,880
120,205
99,773
200,061
7
18
1,344
426
1,308
1,689
6,278
59,544
10,749
1,946
6,206
1,935
4,543
Total
414,912 .
524,013
1,309,756 1,433,489 894,844 909,476
The table is compiled in accordance with the declarations made by importers and exporters, or according to the countries of origin and final destination appearing on bills of lading and shipping orders, and, with the special care now being taken to ensure accuracy in the entries in this respect on the new statistical copies of applica- tions, it is hoped that truer information regarding the real provenance and destination of cargoes is now being obtained. In seeking to analyse the table, however, allowance must still be made for the difficulties met with in connection with certain classes of merchandise arriving or leaving via Hongkong and, to a lesser degree, but of consider- able importance in the case of cargoes to and from Northern and Manchurian ports, consignments to or from Pacific ports via Japan. Disregarding the debatable figures for Hongkong, it will be seen that in the year under review America took first place from Japan in imports, the latter country taking second place, and Great Britain (ex- cluding Hongkong) taking third place. In exports, however, Japan maintained the lead despite heavy losses in trade towards the end of the year, America and Great Britain taking second and third places respectively. In total foreign trade, first, second, and third places went to Japan, America, and Great Britain in that order. The positions given are those that have been attained in the above table of silver values. Japan's loss of position in the import trade must be attributed, needless to say, to the boycott of her merchandise, which exhibited heavy losses under the headings of raw cotton, cotton yarn, cotton goods, sugar, coal, and fishery and sea products. British India dropped from third to fourth place in the import column mainly on account of an 8 million picul decrease in her shipments of rice to this country. Germany's import account was strengthened by important increases in woollen yarn, sulphate of ammonia, aniline dyes, artificial indigo, chemical products not otherwise recorded, paper, and iron and steel. America's increased imports into China were chiefly in the form of grain and raw materials that were cheap owing to over-production and the general shrinkage in world demand, such as wheat, raw cotton, leaf tobacco, and softwood timber, while, although kerosene oil declined in quantity, an increase in its silver value was recorded. The very striking import figures for Australia and New Zealand are due- to a rise of no less than 13.6 million piculs in shipments of wheat to this country. In
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