SOURABAYA
1377
fland, most of which has been under cultivation for many years. About 71 per cent. of the population is agricultural. Among the foreigners the Chinese play an important spart. In 1927 there were 23,506 Europeans, 40,548 foreign Orientals, 191,070 natives; total 255,124.
The climate is typically tropical there being only three quarter of an hour's difference between the longest and the shortest day. The climate, however, shows fone marked difference from that of other tropical regions for the influence of the sea and mountain-breezes moderates the heat during the day and prevents too fast cooling- off at night. The pressure is constant with a mean temperature of 80 F. maximum 495° F. and a rainfall of 130 inches. The wet season covers the period from November oto January, the dry one from May to August.
Sourabaya is extremely fortunate in point of shipping, thanks largely to its geo- graphical position. Besides a modern, well equipped harbour, Sourabaya is provided with an excellent and safe roadstead. The entrance to the roads is 1,500 feet in width at the west, and the depth of water at low-tide is 32 feet. At the East entrance, which widens to the open sea, the depth is about 16 feet and in the roads about 42 feet. Since 1910 very important works, such as a broad breakwater, warehouses, etc., have been constructed. The breakwater, with later constructed piers, encloses a basin of about 197 acres in area, leaving a channel of about 1,150 feet, which forms the entrance from the roads. The outer quay, from the north pier, called the Rotterdam quay, is about 3,900 feet long with a depth of water of above 50 feet, while the inner quay, called the Amsterdam quay, is about 2,620 feet long and admits ships with a draft of 25 feet. With another small quay (the Ymuiden quay) there is at present in use for ocean-going vessels a length of 7,200 feet. Other harbour-works are in course of construction. The harbour is equipped with all modern facilities, including three floating docks, with lifting capacity of respectively 1,400, 3,500 and 14,000 tons, which are electrically driven, warehouses, and cranes up to 50 tons.
Convenient roads and railroad tracks, too, have been constructed.
BANKS
DIRECTORY
CHARTERED BANK OF INDIA, AUSTRALIA
AND CHINA
A. T. Hurroch, agent
ESCOMPTO MAATSCHAPPIJ, NED. Ind.
V. A. Onnes, agent
HANDELSBANK, Ned. Ind.
S. P. J. C. van Dam van Hekendorp,
agent
HONGKONG & SHANGHAI BANKING COR-
PORATION
M. A. Murray, agent
JAVASCHE BANK
M. H. A. de Rooy, agent
MERCANTILE BANK OF INDIA, Ltd.
J. Straton Ferrier, agent
NEDERLANDSCHE HANDEL MIJ.
A. A. Pauw, agent
TAIWAN, LTD., THE BANK OF
Johce Miyajima, agent
YOKOHAMA SPECIE BANK, LTD.
Kazus Nishi, agent
CC
EXPORTERS
AMSTERDAM "HANDELSVEREENIGING
A. v. d. Eyk
BEHN, MEYER & Co., N. V. HANDEL MIJ.
H. Overbeck
BERGVELT, J. A.
A. Bakker
BURNS, PHILP & Co., LTD.
G. V. Allom
EDGAR & Co.'s HANDEL MIJ., M. J.
E. W. Edgar
ERDMANN & SIELCKEN
H. N. Mallet
FRASER, EATON & Co.
R. E. Bussel P. Lawrence
[
W. F. Loudon