SHASI-CHANGSHA
918
門衙事領本日大
Ta jih pen ling shi ya men
CONSULATE, JAPANESE
Chief Constable-Y. Yamamoto
Acting Vice-Consul-T. Horiuchi
Shasi Kwan
關市沙
CUSTOMS, CHINESE MARITIME
Acting Commissioner-S. Tsuda
Assistant-Chiu Tso-chi
Aeting Tidesurveyor-G. Quinn
會
恩 救
EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN MISSION - Tel.
Ad: Synod
E. C. Zimmermann
Miss Gertrude Simon, R.N.
HANKOW PRESS PACKING Co.
W. A. Price, manager
ITALIAN TRADING CO.
Wong Han Cheng, agent
和
怡
E Wo
JARDINE, MATHESON & Co., Ltd.
S. Z. Ksin, agent
Agents
Indo-China Steam Nav. Co., Ld.
NISSHIN KISEN KAISHA
Wu Yuan Jen, agent
S. Kitashima, do.
POST OFFICE
Postmaster-Sun Kuo-sui
司公限有船輪北三
SAN PEH STEAM NAVIGATION CO., LTD.
Chen Tzu-hsien, agent
司公份股限有包打市沙
SHASI PRESSPACKING CO., LTD.
W. A. Price
STANDARD OIL CO. OF NEW YORK
H. K. Chuang, agent
司公船輪江捷
YANGTZE RAPIDS STEAMSHIP Co.
S. K. Tung, agent
CHANGSHA
沙長
Chang-sha
Changsha (or "Long sands," as the Chinese words may be translated) is the capital city of the province of Hunan. It stands on the right bank of the Siang river, which flows into the Tungting lake, and is about 100 miles south of the opening of the lake into the Yangtsze at the north-eastern corner of the province. It is in lat. 28.10 N. and long. 113.01 E.
The name first oceurs about B.C. 220 as that of the 36th and last of the com- manderies into which the First Emperor divided the land after conquering it. It was used as the name of one of the kingdoms for about 100 years (B.C. 202-101) during the Han dynasty. Its greatest mark in history was its successful resistance to the 90 days' siege by the Taiping rebels in 1852 by methods which, afterwards employed elsewhere, led to the final defeat of the rebels by Tseng Kuo-fan, the greatest of all Chinese statesmen in the nineteenth century.
Changsha was opened as a treaty port by the China-Japan treaty of 1903. The Custom House was established on July 1st, 1904; a Japanese Consulate follomwe in November, and a British Consulate the next year. Since then, America and Gerdany have also sent representatives.
The main line between Canton and Wuehang passes outside the east wall of the city (the river lying on the west). Two passenger trains run daily between Changsha and Wuchang. The line towards Canton is open as far as Liling (about 40 miles from Changsha), a section which was originally part of the special line built between the: