1
CONSULATE, GREAT BRITAIN
SHASI-CHANGSHA
司公業貿
853
Acting Consul (resident at Ichang)
門衙事領本日大
Ta jih pen ling shi ya men
CONSULATE, JAPANESE
Acting Vice-Consul-H. Miyagi Chief Constable-Y. Yamamoto
關市沙 Shasi Kwan
CUSTOMS, CHINESE MARITIME
Acting Commissioner-H. C. Morgan
Assistant-Chiu Tso-chi
Examiner G. Quinn
會
恩 救
EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN MISSION
Elmer H. Thode
ITALIAN TRADING CO.
Wong Han Cheng, agent
和怡
E Wo
JARDINE, MATHESON & Co., LTD.
Jui Yeh-ching, agent
Agents
Indo-China Steam Nav. Co., Ld.
MAO YEH & CO., Exporting Merchants
S. S. Hsieh, agent
NISSHIN KISEN KAISHA
Wu Yuan Jen, agent
T. Takeda, do.
POST OFFICE
Postmaster-Sun Kuo-sui
司公限有船輪北三
SAN PEH STEAM NAVIGATION Co., Ltd.
Chen Tzu-hsien, agent
司公份股限有包打市沙
SHASI PRESSPACKING CO., LTD.
Wilh. Röber, in charge of construction
STANDARD OIL CO. OF NEW YORK
H. K. Chuang, agent
司公船輪江捷
YANGTZE RAPIDS STEAMSHIP CO.
Tung Wen-chiang, agent
CHANGSHA
Chang-sha
Changsha (or "Long-sands," as the Chinese words may be translated) is the capital city of the province of Hunan. It stands on the right bank of the Siang river, which flows into the Tungting lake, and is about 100 miles south of the opening of the lake into the Yangtsze at the north-eastern corner of the province. It is in lat. 28.10 N. and long. 113.01 E.
The name first occurs about B.C. 220 as that of the 36th and last of the com- manderies into which the First Emperor divided the land after conquering it. It was used as the name of one of the kingdoms for about 100 years (B.C. 202-101) during the Han dynasty. Its greatest mark in history was its successful resistance to the 90 days' siege by the Taiping rebels in 1852 by methods which, afterwards employed elsewhere, led to the final defeat of the rebels by Tseng Kuo-fan, the greatest of all Chinese statesmen in the nineteenth century.
Changsha was opened as a treaty port by the China-Japan treaty of 1903. The Custom House was established on July 1st, 1904; a Japanese Consulate followed in November, and a British Consulate the next year. Since then, America and Germany have also sent representatives.
The main line between Canton and Wuchang passes outside the east wall of the city (the river lying on the west). Two passenger trains run daily between Changsha and Wuchang. The line towards Canton is open as far as Liling (about 40 miles from Changsha), a section which was originally part of the special line built between the