TAINAN, TAKAO AND ANPING
479
24 feet, with 30 feet at the harbour entrance, which is 350 feet wide. The harbour improvements under the first period of construction work are now completed, and vessels drawing less than 23 feet can readily enter the harbour. The second period of construction has been postponed for the present, but, when undertaken, will include the provision of a second pier, dredging, widening of the harbour entrance, construction of a breakwater in Seishiwan, and the dredging of the harbour to an average depth of 30 feet. Under existing conditions, whilst steamers up to about 5,000 tons can be accom- modated alongside the quay, vessels of 7-10.000 tons capacity find it difficult to enter the port if heavily laden, and have to discharge some of their cargo in the outer harbour to enable them to come inside; if the harbour were dredged to a depth of 28 feet this would be unnecessary. As Takao is the only harbour in the south catering for the bulk of the sugar trade and other industries, its future is assured. Large reclamations have been made along the shore of the lagoon, transforming marsh-land into a well laid-out, fair-sized town, with room for expansion.
Foreign shipping is largely increasing in volume, sulphate of ammonia and other fertilisers now being imported in considerable quantities. The Japanese Government grants subsidies to the Osaka Shosen Kaisha for a fortnightly service with Hongkong via Amoy and Swatow, as well as for a service of steamers round the coast of Formosa throughout the year. As regards the fruit trade, which is mainly a southern industry, an arrangement has recently been arrived at between shippers and the principal lines running from Takao, that shipments will in future be made by steamer direct from that port, instead of from Keelung, as hitherto. Another development of southern trade that is being fostered is the fishing industry, in connection with which direct- boats to Japan are now being run.
The Government Railway now runs day and night trains between Keelung and Takao, the length of which line is approximately 246 miles.
There are many private light railways running inland from the main line, tapping the country districts. The chief of these was the Arisan Railway, which has now been acquired. by the Government. This line taps the valuable timber forests on Mount Arisan, and is notable for its gradients and the number of tunnels along the route. Many of the private lines are owned by sugar companies who, in addition to transporting their materials, also carry passengers and goods.
Customs returns for 1926:-
Anping Takao
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Imports and Exports Combined
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Yen 10,973,379 143,346,585
Total
Yen 154,319,964
The import trade is mainly in the hands of Japanese firms, the only item still in the hands of foreigners being kerosene. The Government has given every encourage- ment to the sugar industry, and many large modern mills have been erected during the past few years. Of the six staple industries of Formosa, Opium, Camphor and Salt have been monopolised by the Formosan Government, which now derives three- fourths of its ordinary revenue from these sources.