KELANTAN
This State is situated in the extreme north-eastern end of the Peninsula between latitudes 4:38° and 615° North and between longitudes 101.26° and 102:40° East, with a coast-line of 60 miles on the China Sea. It embraces an area estimated at 5,870 square miles. It is a mountainous country, with rich alluvial plains, and drained by the Kelantan River and its tributaries.
According to the census of 1921 the population is 309,293, as compared with 286,751
in 1911.
Kota Bharu, six miles up the Kelantan River, is the capital, and the chief port is Tumpat at the mouth. The Sultan and the British Adviser reside at Kota Bharu.
The chief exports are padi and rice, copra and rubber, cattle and dried fish. The climate is healthier than in other parts of the Peninsula, there being a dis- tinct cold season about January. The temperature seldom exceeds 90° and sometimes falls to 62°, while the average rainfall is about 120 inches a year.
Mr. J. Scott Mason, the British Adviser, took over the supervision of affairs from Mr. W. A. Graham, the Siamese Commissioner, on July 15th, 1909.
In 1909, the revenue amounted to $370,959 and the expenditure to $377,062. In 1925, the revenue had risen to $1,804,180 and the expenditure to $1,401,961. The public debt at the transference of the suzerainty was $150,000, upon which Siam charged 9 per cent. This debt was taken over by the F.M.S., interest being reduced to 4 per cent. The debit balance of the State at the end of 1925 was $3,345,647. The value of the imports in 1925 was $5,211,103 against $3,570,688 in 1924, and of exports $11,185,696: against $5,407,674 in 1924. The principal imports were:-ironware, cotton piece-goods, sarongs, silk piece-goods, cycles and accessories, coal, woodenware, machinery, cement, earthenware, matches, kerosene, opium, tobacco, salt and woollen goods.
The tonnage
of steamers using Kelantan ports amounted to 96,208 in 1925 against 113,034 in 1924. There is regular steamship communication with Bangkok and Singapore. The first all- weather road was completed in 1916; it runs 26 miles from the capital to Pasir Puteh. The trunk road from Kota Bharu to Kuala Krai can be used for the greater part of the year. There is daily connection by rail between Tumpat and Kuala Krai, 60 miles up river. The line to the Siamese border is open for traffic, and a daily service each way between Tumpat and the Kedah boundary is maintained, making communication with Penang an easy matter. Kota Bharu is in direct telegraphic communication with Bangkok and Penang and possesses a telephone service. It is also connected by telephone with Tumpat, the port of Kelantan, Bachok and Pasir Puteh. There is a telegraph line connecting Kota Bharu with Kuala Krai.
They comprised 207,219 acres The export of rubber in 1925- The export of copra was 86,623,
About 417,297 acres were under cultivation in 1925. devoted to padi, 58,289 to coconuts, and 113,939 to rubber. was 3,926 tons, as compared with 3,387 tons in 1924. piculs, compared with 125,586 piculs in 1924.
DIRECTORY
GOVERNMENT
Ruler-His Highness the SULTAN ISMAIL BIN ALMERHUM SULTAN MOHAMED IV, K.C.M.G.
British Adviser to the Government of Kelantan-W. M. Millington (acting) Assistant British Adviser to the Government of Kelantan-C. C, Brown