NETHERLANDS-INDIA
1369
The Netherlands Navy in these Colonies numbers 208 officers and 1,042 European and 1,446 native non-commissioned officers and sailors, and consists of 28 men-of-war. There is, besides, the Colonial Navy, consisting of 27 smaller ships with 216 Europeans and 1,221 natives, employed for civil service duties.
PUBLIC WORSHIP AND EDUCATION
The Protestant clergymen are appointed by the Queen; they are 43 in number. The Roman Catholic priests are appointed by the Pope and recognized by or in the name of the Queen. The Jews have no rabbis and are so few that in no place have they a synagogue. The Governinent does not interfere with Mahommedan worship, but pilgrims to Mecca require to take out passports. Chinese religion is as free as all other kinds of public worship.
The educational system distinguishes two kinds of instruction: (I) Instruction carried in the Dutch language; (II) Instruction given in a vernacular. To the first category belong 498 (134 private) elementary schools, amongst which are 192 specially for natives and 48 for Chinese. Furthermore there are 29 (10 private) intermediate schools and 7 secondary schools, which find their continuation in the Universities and High Schools in Holland and in the only institution for high education in the Dutch East Indies the Technical High School at Bandong. In addition, the following professional schools fall within the same category:-2 schools of medicine, 1 school of laws for natives, 9 schools for native officials, 3 agricultural schools, 1 school of veterinary medicine, 2 commercial schools, 5 technical schools for architecture and mechanical engineering, 2 trade schools, 1 school for post and telegraph officials, 1 course for chemist-assistants and analysts, while a course for marine-officers is held on board of one of the Government steamers. In catgeory II there are almost 12,000 (2,600 private) elementary schools with about 800,000 pupils, besides a number of trade schools and agricultural schools and a marine-school for the Navy and Government marine at Makassar Five public training schools and 6 courses for higher qualifications supply teachers for the elementary schools, and a number of the intermediate schools mentioned sub I. Furthermore, there are 11 public and 2 private training schools for native teachers with instruction given in the Dutch language, and 42 (21 private) normal schools and 123 courses for training teachers for the vernacular schools.
In a great many places private persons can be admitted into the military hospitals, while in the large towns general civil hospitals and hospitals for infectious diseases are maintained. Aylums for the insane are maintained at Buitenzorg and Lawang.
TRADE AND NAVIGATION
Riouw, Bengkalis, Sabang and Merauke are free ports. The other ports are open for either general trade or only for native coasting navigation. Godowns where goods can be stored and sold, and from whence they can be exported without payment of import or export duties, are established at Batavia, Cheribon, Semarang, Soerabaja, Padang, Siboga, Baros, Singkel, Menado, Gorontalo, Ternate, Amboina Neira (Banda) and Macassar
The value of imports in 1919 was in Java and Madoera ... 573,422,000 guilders
In the other islands
...
219,811,000
The value of exports in 1919 was from Java and Madoera...1,418,623,000 guilders
From the other islands
748,848,000
The mercantile marine of Netherlands-India (fishing boats, vessels not exceeding 74 cubic metres nett and river-trade ships not included) consisted in July, 1920, of 5,780 ships and vessels, of which 183 were steamers, with a total tonnage of 437,164 cubic metres nett.
In 1920 there arrived from abroad:--
8,598 steamers
376 motorships 3,105 sailing vessels
18
""
""
with a tonnage of 12,877,661 cubic metres
748,8 9 779,227
""
with
""
17
""
""
10,372 34,303
19
19
with a tonnage of 14,450,422
19
steam or motor craft 70 barges
Total... 12,167 vessels