NETHERLANDS-INDIA
1189
Sugar, molasses Sugar, other kinds Tapioca (flour) Tapioca (root)
...
...
Tea
Tin
Tin ore
Tobacco (diff, sorts)
Tripang
value Fl. 2,757,819
***
78,794,814
kilo
175,499 50,300,157
"}
་་
"}
17,991 6,790,520
...
...
***
***
+
1,521,741 38,009,568 15,632,610
7,048.404 12,856,641 67,868
"
"
53,261
1
"1
29
3o,785,098
,,
7+
"
39,863,156
J
"1
*
"}
::
59
77
"
***
£
"
9,867,766 14,276,223 513,167 1,779,034
+0.
...
...
201,933 483
17
"
*
"
76,734
...
A
171.
"
>>
46,161
}}
908,407
Victuals (diff. sorts)..
Wood (sandal)
Wood (teak)
Wood (other kinds)
Diamonds are found in Borneo; gold in Sumatra, Celebes and Borneo; silver in Sumatra, Celebes and Borneo, copper in Java, Celebes and Borneo, iron in Celebes, Sumatra, Borneo and Java; tin of excellent quality and in large quantities in Banka, Billiton, and Singkep, and in small quantities in Sumatra and some other islands, lead in Sumatra and Borneo, zine in small quantities in Java and Sumatra, coal in Borneo, Sumatra, and Java, manganese in Java, jodium in Java, saltpetre in Java, marble in Java and in Sumatra. Salt of excellent quality is produced in Madera and also in the other islands, by evaporation of the sea water. Kerosene oil is produced in abundance in Java, Sumatra, and Borneo, and gives enormous- profits.
The possession of the soil by the natives is strongly protected by law. As a gene- ral rule the ground cannot be sold to foreigners, not even to Dutchmen, nor to their descendants who are born in India. The Government is authorized to dispose of un- cultivated grounds and grant parts of them for a certain period to foreigners (erfpacht).
On the 31st December, 1905, the stock of cattle in Java and Madoera consisted of 2,186,993 buffaloes, 2,654,461 other horned cattle, and 363,974 horses (ponies).
REVENUE AND FINANCE
The revenue of the colony is derived from different taxes, viz., import and export duties, excise, ground tax, capitation tax as an equivalent for abolished Statute Labour of natives, personal tax, income tax, war-tax, slaughter tax, licences, succession duties, stamp duties, duty on public sales, transfer and assignment duty, the rent of farms (pawnbrokers' shops, etc., etc.), monopolies (opium, salt, pawnshops), tin mines, forests, railways, mining, and agricultural concessions, the cultivation of coffee, and sundry petty articles. In former years the cultivation of coffee was the principal source of revenue, but of late years there has been a constant decrease. In the Residencies in Java (except Batavia, Bantam, Cheribon, Rembang, Soerabaja, Ban- joemas, Soerakarta and Djokjakarta), where the ground is suitable for the cultiva- tion of coffee, a certain nuniber of natives are obliged to plant every year a number of coffee trees, to take care of the plantations, to dry the fruit, and to deliver it into the Government godowns. They are therefore free of ground tax and receive a renumera- tion at the fixed rate of fifteen guilders per picul.
In Java and Madoera (except the district of Grobogan, residency Semarang), in the Residencies Sumatra's Westkust, Tapanoeli, Benkoelen, Lampongsche Districten, Palembang, and Banka en Onderhoorigheden, in the Government Oostkust van Sumatra and the Assistant-Residency Billiton, and in the residencies Zuider-en Oosterafdeeling van Borneo, and Westerafdeeling van Borneo private persons are not allowed to make salt.
In all those districts the import of salt is forbidden, except of fine table salt, salt for medical use and mineral salt, the import of which is allowed on payment of a duty. The import of rough salt for preserves, packed with those preserves, is allowed but only in a quantity necessary for the purpose. Salt for industrial purposes may be imported after being made unfit for consumption on payment of duty in the ports of Batavia, Cheribon, Togal, Pekalongan, Semarang, Sourabaja, Tjilatjap, Padang and Palembang. Rough salt may be imported in the ports of Sibolga and Baros (Tapanoeli), Djambi, Tandjoeng Pandan (Billiton), and in the Government Oostkust van Sumatra, also on payment of a duty.
The salt required for the Government monopoly is made in Madoera, where the people are obliged to deliver it into the Government godowns at a fixed rate per kojang.