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MUKDEN
Mukden is situated in slightly undulating country a few miles north of the Hunho, a tributary of the river Liao, about 110 miles north-east of the port of New- chwang, and has stations on the Chinese Eastern Railway and the South Mauchuria Railway 1 miles to the west of the city. The city is trebly walled. The outer wall, which is circular and built of mud, encloses the suburbs and is 13 miles in circumference; the inner town, which is a mile square, is protected by a stone wall thirty-five feet high and fifteen wide on the top; it is pierced by eight gates, two on each side with high towers above them; another wall encloses the ancient palace, which stands in the centre of the inner city, like the palace at Peking. The streets of Mukden are broad and straight; and the city has the appearance of being a busy place. The population is estimated at about 150,000. Nurachu, the founder of the Manchu dynasty, established himself at Mukden in 1625, and his tomb, about seven miles east of the city, is an object of great interest. Thegreat mound and funeral hall are enclosed within a high wall pierced by one large gateway which holds three arched portals, and the avenue of approach is spanned by two lofty stone arches elaborately sculptured. Two massive couchant lions guard the portal.
There are many other objects of Manchu historical interest in the town and its vicinity. Accommodation for foreign visitors is at present very limited. There is a small hotel kept in semi-foreign style by Chinese called the Hai Tien Chun. Recently two small hotels in foreign style have been opened inside the city- the Astor House and Manchurian Hotel. The South Manchurian Railway Company have recently opened a first class hotel in European style at their new railway station. Mukden has long been an important centre of missionary activity. The terms upon which the town is opened to international trade had not been definitely settled up to the time of the publication of this volume. The Chinese wish to contine foreign merchants, as
regards residence and trade, to a certain area outside the west gate near the railway station. This has not been agreed to by the Treaty Powers concerned, and Japanese and other foreign merchants are residing and trading within the town.
Four vernacular newspapers are published in the city, the Sheng King Shih Poo, the Tung San Sheng Kung Pao, Ya Ch n Yih Po and the Min Sheng Jih Po. The four principal streets of the town are being macadamised and a good road has been made to the railway station; great improvements also are being made in police and sanitary measures as well as in the repairs of Government buildings and the walls of the town.
記瑞 Sui-kee
Arnhold, Karberg & Co,
Agencies
DIRECTORY
Commercial Union Assce. Co., Ld.
Aachen Munich Fire Insce. Co.
Allianz Insurance Co., of Berlin
The Netherlands Fire Life Insce. Co.,
ASTOR HOUse Hotel
M. Diedering, proprietor
BRITISH AMERICAN TOBACCo Co., Ld.; Tel.
Ad: Powhattan, Mukden
W. W. England
C. G. Smit
H. L. Heckrotte
E. O. Drake
H. W. Booker
C. S. Peacock E. F. Stockwell W. B. Bamber J. Eichwald E. J. Burgoyne
CONSULATES
AMERICA
Consul-Genl.-Fred. D. Fisher
Vice-Deputy Consul-General-Myrl S.
Myers
Marshall--M. G. Faulkner
GREAT BRITAIN
Consul-Genl.-R. H. Mortimore
FRANCE
Consulate (with jurisdiction over the
three provinces of Manchuria) Consul-F. Berteaux (en congé) Act. Consul-H. Lépice (vice-consul) Elève Vice-Consul-Alex. Fontanier
GERMANY
Consul-Dr. Heintges Interpreter-Dr. Fr. Siebert
Di Secretary-H. Witte