1412
NETHERLANDS-INDIA
physicians, while 782 Government vernacular schools and 1,787 private vernacular schools give instruction to upwards of 258,000 pupils. The greater number of these private schools are managed by missionaries. In Soerabaja and Samarang are private schools for mechanical engineers and handicraft. In Buitenzorg there is an agricultural school for Europeans and natives.
In a great many places private persons can be admitted into the military hospitals, while in the large towns general hospitals are maintained for poor natives and Chinese, and other hospitals for infectious diseases. Asylums for the insane are maintained at Buitenzorg and Lawang.
TRADE AND NAVIGATION
Riouw, Bengkalis, and Sabang are free ports.
The other ports are open for either general trade or only for native coasting navigation. Godowns where goods can be stored and sold, and from whence they can be exported without payment of import or export duties, are established at Batavia, Cheribon, Semarang, Soerabaja, Padang, Siboga, Baros, Singkel, Menado, Gorontalo, Ternate, Amboina Neira (Banda) and Macassar
The value of imports in 1908 was in Java and Madoera
In the other islands
Total...
165,994,065 guilders
77,278,042
243,272,107
}}
The value of exports in 1908 was from Java and Madoera... 31,665,066 guilders
and from the other islands
Total...
135,456,737 1)
446,121,803 }}
The mercantile marine of Netherlands-India consisted in December, 1908, of 12,474 ships and vessels, of which 255 were steamers, with a total tonnage of 632,844 cubic
metres.
In 1908 there arrived from abroad :—
5,024 steamers
2,051 native sailing vessels
27 European sailing vessels...
tonnage
10,399,776 cubic metres
283 531
*
""
11
1
44,149
14
10,727,456
...
tonnage
10,793,835 cubic metres
273,653 48,700
"}
::
Total... 7,102 vessels with a tonnage of and in the same year there departed
5,038 steamers
1,981 native sailing vessels
38 European sailing vessels...
7,057
11
11,116,188
"
Import duties are imposed in Java and Madoera, the West and 'East coast of Sumatra, Acheen (except the Isle of Way), Bencoolen, Lampongs, Palembang, Banka, and Dependencies, Billiton, S. E. Borneo, W. Borneo, Djambi, Indragiri, Bali and Lombok, Menado, the Residencies Amboina, Ternate and Dependencies and Timor and Dependencies and in the Government Celebes and Dependencies, but not in the islands of the Riouw Residency. The import duty is fixed ad valorem or according to the weight or the dimensions, most of the goods being separately mentioned in the tariff. Most of the metals, machinery, raw materials, as lime and wood, and articles of art and science are free of import duty. Export duty is only paid on a few articles according to value of quantity: for instance, hides 2 per cent., birds' nests 6 per cent., damar, benzoin, and rattan 5 per cent. (S. E. Borneo 8 per cent.) of the value, tin f.3.50 for 100 kilogrammes. Transit cargo is free.
An excise is charged on inland arrack (only in Java and Madoera), kerosene oil, gasoline and benzine (f.2.50 per hectolitre), on matches of all kinds when each stick has only one head f.0.70 per gross of boxes each box containing no more than seventy- nine sticks (f.005 per gross of boxes more for each additional number of five sticks or part thereof), when each stick has two heads f.1.40 per gross of boxes, each box containing no more than seventy-nine sticks (f.0.10 per gross of boxes more for each additional number of five sticks or part thereof) and on tobacco exported from Java to Borneo.
Commercial intercourse is much advanced by the Steam Navigation Company- "Koninklyke Paketvaart Maatschappij," possessing 42 occan-steamers plying across the whole Archipelago, and 4 wheelboats for the inland trade. splendid accommodation for saloon passengers.
These steamers have